Peculiarities Of Nutrition Of Patients With Diseases Of The Rectum

Therapeutic nutrition is an important component of complex treatment of patients with diseases of the rectum.

Therapeutic nutrition is an important component of complex treatment of patients with diseases of the rectum.

Manifestations of diseases of the rectum ( hemorrhoids , anal fissures, proctitis and paraproctitis, rectal polyps and tumors, etc.) are associated with defecation disorders. This problem contributes to the development of long-term constipation. In turn, failures in the digestion process become the cause of deterioration of the general state of health and exacerbation of diseases of the rectum. In addition, the frequent use of laxatives and enemas disrupts the balance of intestinal microflora, leads to the development of flatulence and other disorders in its work.

Following the rules of diet therapy will help people with diseases of the rectum to cope with these problems.

The role of medical nutrition in diseases of the rectum

A properly prepared diet allows:

• to normalize the motor activity of the intestines and the composition of the intestinal microflora;
• fill the deficit of essential nutrients;
• reduce the risk of developing food intolerance.

Nutrition for diseases of the rectum should be complete and balanced in the ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. But individually intolerable products and products that irritate the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, increase blood flow and stagnation in the rectum, that is, aggravate the disease, are excluded from the diet.

Products to avoid

First of all, with diseases of the rectum, it is necessary to exclude any alcoholic and carbonated drinks, as well as spices and hot seasonings. They irritate the stomach and intestines, increase blood flow to the rectum and contribute to its stagnation. This leads to tissue swelling, increased itching and bleeding, aggravation of hemorrhoids and anal fissures.

The list of prohibited products is adjusted depending on the specific disease of the rectum, tendency to constipation or diarrhea. For example, with proctitis, it is allowed to use porridge boiled in water in small quantities, and with hemorrhoids, milk porridge is recommended.

Features of nutrition with a tendency to constipation

Foods rich in vegetable fiber should be included in the diet of a patient suffering from constipation. These include rye and bran bread, Hercules, vegetables (especially white cabbage), fruits, seaweed, beans.

These products contain dietary fibers that can absorb liquid and "swell", increasing the volume of intestinal contents. This normalizes peristalsis and accelerates the passage of fecal masses in the large intestine. In addition, dietary fibers adsorb toxins that are formed in the intestines.

The composition of dietary fiber in different products differs, so it would be incorrect to compensate for fiber only at the expense of vegetables and fruits, neglecting other products.

It should be taken into account that fresh vegetables increase fermentation processes in the intestines, lead to increased gas formation and flatulence. You can reduce the severity of fermentation processes by eating boiled vegetables. However, during heat treatment, the fiber content decreases by 10-30%. For certain diseases of the rectum, the use of raw vegetables and fruits during treatment is prohibited.

A good source of dietary fiber is wheat bran. In order for the bran to show its properties and increase peristalsis, it is necessary to drink 6-8 glasses of liquid a day.

Compotes of dried fruits, prunes, dried apricots, figs, and vegetable oil have laxative properties.

Peculiarities of nutrition in dysbacteriosis

Diseases of the rectum are often accompanied by dysbacteriosis, when the composition and ratio of intestinal microflora is sharply disturbed, abdominal pain, unstable bowel movements (constipation or diarrhea), flatulence appear .

Abundant foamy liquid stool with a sour smell indicates fermentative dyspepsia. In this case, you need to limit foods rich in carbohydrates (sugar, jam, sweets, legumes, cabbage, brown bread).

Stinky stool is a sign of putrid dyspepsia. Products containing animal protein (meat, fish, eggs) should be limited. You can not use them every day, and also in large quantities. The development of putrefactive microflora can be inhibited by lactic acid bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to include fermented milk products in the diet (kefir, sour milk, ryazhanka, cheese, ayran, koumiss).

Sour milk products support the optimal bacterial composition of the microflora of the colon, reducing the risk of developing malignant tumors in it.

Dietary recommendations for a patient with diseases of the rectum are developed by the attending physician, taking into account the main disease and the individual characteristics of his body.

By itself, a therapeutic diet will not cure the patient, but it will help reduce symptoms, reduce the likelihood of complications and the development of concomitant diseases.