Author: Joe Fowler
Time for reading: ~27
minutes
Last Updated:
August 08, 2022
Learn more information about 100 grams of carbs example. In this article we'll discuss 100 grams of carbs example.
Happy to be here.
i'm a physician, specializing in lifestyle medicine using diet and workout no longer best save you sickness, however to treat and reverse it as well.
And all of it really is going back to my grandma. You recognise, I think the spark for plenty children to need to be a medical doctor after they grow up is watching a grandparent get unwell or maybe die, but for me changed into looking my grandma get higher.She turned into identified with give up degree heart disease.
Already had so many skip surgical procedures, not anything extra the docs may want to do. She was sent domestic within a wheel chair to die.Crushing chest pain.
But then she heard approximately this guy, Nathan Pritikin, considered one of our early lifestyle medicinal drug pioneers, and what took place next is truely particular in Pritikin’s biography, to speak about Frances , my grandma.They wheeled her in, and she or he walked out some weeks later.
She turned into on foot 10 miles a day, and even though she turned into given her medical demise sentence at age 65, thanks to a healthy food plan become able to revel in every other 31 years in the world to age 96, to retain to experience her six grandkids such as me. So that’s why I went into remedy.That’s why I practice the kind of remedy I do, lifestyle remedy.
I just need to do on your own family what Pritikin did for my family.
Gianna That’s amazing. First query:how lots fats and protein will we need each day?
What are the high-quality resources? And how much ought to athletes be ingesting?Well, you know, we don’t consume macro nutrients;
we don’t devour micro nutrients.You need Paleo junk meals, we’ll provide you with vegan junk food, we’ll provide you with fat free junk food, we’ll come up with… I imply any kind of junk food you want because it’s all approximately macro nutrients or it’s all about something precise thing, proper?
On Fruit Loops, they are able to say, “with fiber, nutrition D” with all this stuff, and that gives us this form of fitness halo, when within fact it have to all be approximately meals. And the cause people don’t communicate about meals is there’s no money to be made within meals.In fact, deliver is going terrible;
Can’t sit down at the shelf like a Twinkie for a pair weeks.
And look, even a broccoli grower isn't going to put an advert on tv for broccoli due to the fact, you realize, they’ll just buy a competitor’s broccoli. There’s just no cash to be made.You’re never going to see an advert on tv for sweet potatoes due to the fact there’s just no money to be made.
That’s no longer where the income is. The gadget is installation to reward just the unhealthiest but maximum worthwhile behavior.And so, I imply, so that’s simply kind of falling into the meals enterprise’s trap to talk of kind of this reductionist view of nutrients in preference to food.
Like what’s the high-quality food, proper? So like are carbs suitable or horrific for you?Well, carbs are jelly beans or kidney beans, lentils or lollipops.
They’re both carbs, proper? I mean so fat, fats’s walnuts or lard, right?So that’s why you can’t talk about it.
That’s why the industry needs you to talk like that, however it sincerely has to come back down to is what are the healthiest ingredients? So like, appearance, the dairy enterprise can say “the calcium within dairy.” Yeah, you already know what else is in dairy?It’s the primary source of saturated fat on this United States of America.
People think like steak or some thing. No, the number one source of saturated fats is dairy, sure, the primary supply of calcium, however sure, there’s protein within pork, yes, there’s iron in red meat, right?
But What About The Baggage That Comes Along With All Those Nutrients?
I suggest as tons as Burger King says you could “have it your manner,” you can’t be like, “Yeah, can i am getting the protein however preserve the saturated fats, preserve the hormones, hold the cholesterol.” I know, it’s a package— food is a package deal deal. So the factor about that, so if you get your calcium from, you recognize, darkish inexperienced leafy veggies instead, then it’s like, well, the bags is really an advantage.You get the fiber and the folate and the iron and the antioxidants—all these items lacking from type of the dairy supply.
So that’s how we suppose within terms of meals. So in case you question me what are the nice foods that appear to have fats in them, properly, it might be nuts, seeds, avocados, due to the fact then it’s just—you just get the bonus in place of the luggage.In terms of protein assets, all of us who doesn’t realize the way to get protein on a plant-primarily based food regimen doesn’t recognize beans, proper?
Beans, break up peas, chickpeas, lentils, legumes—the protein superstars of the plant country. And then additionally a number of the entire grains, nuts and seeds and all styles of matters.So entire plant foods are the healthiest way to get almost all of your nutrients, and that’s in reality, I suppose, how we need to think about those macro vitamins.
Gianna Question variety :What Are Your Thoughts On Alkaline And Distilled Water, And Which Is Best For Athletes?
Most of the type of alkaline water nonsense is just bogus, scam type of stuff.
i have a video on NutritionFacts.org that goes into the technological know-how around that. Distilled water just type of appears a waste of electricity to me.I imply it’s the identical factor with like, you know, sort of reverse osmosis distillation;
it’s simply a very kind of wasteful technique. But you can put off some little hint minerals, however that’s now not clearly the problem.I imply faucet water is commonly the most inexpensive, most secure source of consuming water.
Gianna What about fluoride in it? Fluoride is the reason why we don’t grow old and lose all our enamel.Gianna Should we be consuming fluoride even though?
It’s not essential, but from a public health standpoint—wealthy human beings can go to the dentist and manage to pay for all kinds of gizmos, ultrasonic gizmos for their enamel—however from a public fitness scale, I imply that’s the way you reach impoverished populations which won't have the dental care which you have, and so when you have a dental hassle, no large deal, go to the dentist, right? But in the event that they have a dental hassle, they could lose their enamel, this means that dropping a lot of their nutrition or being within chronic pain.And certainly from a public fitness point of view fluoridated water is—within reality, in line with the Center for Disease Control, one of the finest public health innovations over the past century.
Gianna Question variety three: are there any guidelines or special recommendations for girls who choose to consume a plant-based totally eating regimen while pregnant, and who also pick out to raise children plant based after the breast milk stage if over?When you’re ingesting for 2 it’s simply that much more vital to get all of the nutrition you want, and so it’s basically all the identical advice you’d deliver to all of us eating a healthy eating regimen, ingesting a plant-based diet.
Critically crucial: diet B12.So there’s nutrients that aren’t made by means of flowers.
One’s nutrition D, that is made through animals together with yourself whilst you stroll outside; it’s the sunshine vitamin.And the other one’s vitamin B12.
Not made through plants, now not made via animals both; made by using little microbes that blanket the earth.So, you recognize, we may want to get all of the B12 we wished ingesting properly water or out of a mountain or something a long term in the past, however now we chlorinate our water deliver to kill off any bacteria, so we don’t have lots of B12 within our water any extra.
Don’t get a lot of cholera both. It’s a very good component that we stay in a pleasing sanitary world, but due to that we want to get a regular dependable supply of B12.Critically essential, particularly for pregnant girls, however for everybody.
During being pregnant iodine’s essential, a mineral regularly lacking from prenatal vitamins, so it’s important, if you’re getting a prenatal, to make sure it has iodine. Recommended daily allowance is 150 micrograms an afternoon.
Gianna And For Children Being Raised Vegan, Do You Recommend Any Books Or Any Videos To Watch?
Is That Something That You Would Recommend To Raise Children Whole Food, Plant Based?
Should we enhance our children healthy?I say sure, certainly, and so does the most esteemed pediatrician within human history, Benjamin Spock, inside the seventh edition of Child and Baby Care, which is like one of the quality-promoting books ever, second simplest to the Bible perhaps in this United States of America.
Where within his remaining version he wrote, within his 90s before he died, endorsed all children be raised with zero exposure to meat and dairy, and he did that because he should see what the grandparents have been demise from and see this burgeoning childhood weight problems epidemic. So truely we should increase our youngsters within the healthiest feasible way.That means no longer having them smoke cigarettes.
That means having them put on seat belts, smoke alarms in the home, and a whole meals, plant-based food regimen—without a doubt fundamental, easy. And even the ADA, well, what’s now the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, in their respectable position paper says strictly plant-primarily based diets are suitable for all ranges of the life-style, consisting of being pregnant and infancy and on through antique age.So clearly, we ought to all be elevating wholesome children, and actually, Scott Stoll is presently writing a book on raising vegan youngsters;
he’s got six, so he is aware of one or matters approximately it. Gianna ok, variety four:please assist explain soy and hormones, and why both men and women want not worry it.
Soy is a misunderstood bean. All kinds of nuttiness out on the net.If you study the science, even though, it’s honestly just sort of a outstanding medical consensus within phrases of humans.
I mean, the laboratory animal studies, it depends in case you’re a hamster or a rat, or distinctive lines of mice have distinct results. When we eventually had human stats, so as an example breast cancer, you may see concerns at the net approximately, appearance, soy has phytoestrogens.
When You Think Of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer, Should Women With Breast Cancer Be Eating Soy?
And so we didn’t realize until 2004, the primary study that truly positioned it to the test and actually followed breast most cancers survivors, a few that ate soy and some that didn’t, simply to look who lived longer, who had less breast most cancers recurrence. And in that research and in all of five reports done thus far, every unmarried one observed that girls with breast cancer, whether or not estrogen receptor fantastic or negative, whether or not they have been on Tamoxifen or no longer—all consistently more survival;placed all of them collectively, greater survival, lower most cancers recurrence rate.
And so we’ve acknowledged that ingesting soy, mainly during adolescence, can reduce the risk of getting breast most cancers in the first vicinity, however now we comprehend it’s related to advanced survival as properly. So wait a 2nd.How is that feasible while it has estrogenic effects?
Well, no, see you don’t understand. There’s surely types of estrogen receptor cells—it’s a protracted story:alpha, beta—so essentially your personal estrogen, your endogenous estrogen produced by way of your ovaries attaches preferentially to alpha receptors.
Soy attaches to a specific sort of estrogen receptors. So it topics, the consequences of soy at the body subjects at the ratio of these one of a kind receptors and exclusive organs of the frame.And so it clearly has pro-estrogen results wherein you need it, like in the bones, skeleton.
It truly reduces bone loss compared to dairy milk, as an instance, within stories of soy milk. But it has android estrogenic results in which you want it, as an example within the breast, reducing breast most cancers chance and enhancing breast most cancers survival.So it’s what’s referred to as a selective estrogen receptor modulator, a flowery time period for essentially the first-rate of all worlds.
So it reduces hot flashes, anti-estrogen effect, strengthens the bones, pro-estrogenic impact, reduces breast most cancers risk. And so you don’t ought to devour it;all the legumes are healthy, and i inspire human beings to devour complete soy assets like edamame, immature green soybeans;
you could get frozen bags of it, sprinkle it to your salad, a splendid preference. Tempeh, miso, those are all whole soy meals, in addition to some of the extra processed stuff.And so that you appearance in the clinical literature, it’s clean.
We’ve were given lots of movies approximately it. So yeah, you just don’t believe the craziness you study at the net.Gianna And only for the males accessible that are worried that they might develop breasts or some thing like that from soy.
Can We Help Debunk That For Men, So They Don’t Fear It As Well?
Sure.So there’s three case reviews in literature of gynecomastia with excessive soy intake.
But with the aid of immoderate soy—they had been actually consuming gallons of soy milk a day, so I forget about… I suppose a few people, like 40 servings of soy a day, and at that stage you may honestly get enough alpha receptor activity to simply have pro-estrogenic effects. So the response isn't always to keep away from soy, but now not drink four gallons of soy milk an afternoon.
Gianna So Men Aren’t Going To Grow Breasts If They’re Eating Soy Here And There?
No, and in fact it might be healthy. So soy intake in guys is associated with decrease prostate most cancers threat, that's the primary most cancers killer unique to guys.Gianna ok, query wide variety five:
Can A Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Help Heal Autoimmune Diseases Like Thyroid Issues And Colitis?
So consuming an anti inflammatory food regimen, no surprise, may be one of the satisfactory nutritional remedies for inflammatory sicknesses within fashionable, together with auto-immune ailment.So as an example, multiple sclerosis, which is an car-immune disease wherein your body attacks your personal nerves, the unmarried nice recorded intervention—clinical, surgical, whatever, no capsules—have ever crushed out a plant-based totally weight-reduction plan:
Roy Swank’s anti-MS weight loss plan, so the most effective. So it’s now not simply safer, inexpensive.No, the simplest remedy ever posted within the peer reviewed scientific scientific literature, a plant-based food regimen.
Chron’s disease, same aspect. A research out of Japan the usage of a plant-based weight loss program, some of the satisfactory relapse prevention rates ever.Chron’s disorder is an vehicle-immune inflammatory bowel sickness.
Rheumatoid arthritis, one of the maximum effective interventions for rheumatoid arthritis—whether or not we’re talking approximately objective measures which include grip electricity and inflammatory markers within the blood movement or just within terms of fine of lifestyles for human beings laid low with those illnesses. Auto-immune ailment, we just don’t have a variety of right insights for.We have data, so the Adventist 2 study determined that people who eat strictly plant-based totally diets have the very best shares of what’s referred to as euthyroid thyroid, meaning ordinary thyroid function, and so it can prevent thyroid troubles.
But there’s by no means been any study that sincerely positioned plant-based diets to the test within terms of treating thyroid disfunction, until we’re speaking approximately something like iodine deficiency. There’s other forms of inflammatory illnesses that we don’t have facts for, but it'd make feel if it really works for a majority of these other vehicle-immune diseases, it really works for these other inflammatory sicknesses, an anti-inflammatory weight loss program would have this effect.And part of that anti inflammatory energy is from the fiber.
You say, fiber? Who could think fiber?We suppose like bowel health or some thing.
It’s simply kind of an inert substance. Not at all.We can’t digest fiber, but our appropriate intestine micro organism can.
We have trillions of bacteria in our intestine. And we used to suppose that turned into just intestine fitness, however now we recognize that our microbiome, our friendly vegetation down within our colon simply may have effects on our immune system, even our mental health.
And What Do They Eat, What Do Our Good Bugs Eat?
They consume prebiotics, that's fiber and resistant starch determined in abundance in only one area: entire plant foods, and a number of those compounds have anti inflammatory outcomes.They’re wreck down merchandise of fiber;
they get absorbed into your system and circulated throughout your body. So that’s one of the motives why plant-based totally diets are so anti-inflammatory.Gianna Number six:
What are your mind on vitamins and dietary supplements, vegan based totally, both taken orally or intravenously like vitamin C drips? Well, actually vitamin B12 is critically vital for every body eating a healthful weight loss plan, so I’d suggest 2500 micrograms of what’s referred to as cyanocobalamin, that is the cheapest supply.Once per week is all you need.
Costs less than $5 a 12 months. You’re going to get all of the B12 you want, however critically vital from a everyday dependable source.If you’re no longer getting enough solar… Now, in case you’re mild skinned sufficient and young enough and skinny enough and live at a latitude that’s sunny sufficient, then getting 10, 15 mins of mid-day sun, you’ll get all of the diet D you want.
But it doesn’t be counted how sunny it is if you’re stuck at a table task all day, now not getting out of doors, wherein case you’d want to complement your weight-reduction plan with vitamin D, the light diet. I advise 2,000 worldwide units of nutrition D3 a day.So, I mean intravenous vitamin C has been used as a cancer remedy, going lower back to the Nineteen Seventies with Linus Pauling’s paintings.
It was seeing that—exciting—type of debunked by Mayo Clinic, in which they gave humans an entire bunch of vitamin C; didn’t see the type of superb results that had been at the start seen, however they had been using oral nutrition C.We used to think, properly, oral nutrition C is similar to intravenous nutrition C, but no, our body clearly clamps down on vitamin C absorption.
At very small doses it doesn’t matter either manner, you’ll absorb all of it. But once your body gets over approximately 200, 250 milligrams of vitamin C—which is set five servings of fruits and veggies really worth—your body begins clamping “that’s a bit too much.” Your frame starts offevolved clamping down on absorption, so that they surely weren’t uncovered to the same amount.And so i have a whole series of videos on intravenous vitamin C for cancer in case you’re interested by that;
I encourage people to test it out. Gianna Should we be cooking cru—your preferred—ought to we be cooking cruciferous veggies, like steaming broccoli, or is mixing uncooked kale within a smoothie powerful sufficient, and is it awful for the thyroid to devour them uncooked? Oh, my God.We must devour cruciferous greens within whichever manner gets us to consume the maximum of them.
You like raw broccoli? Eat uncooked broccoli.You like steamed broccoli?
Eat steamed. Whichever manner gets you to devour the maximum.In reality cruciferous veggies are one among my Daily Dozen.
It’s a free app on iPhone, Android: “ ’s Daily Dozen.” I talk approximately all of the foods I encourage human beings to get and in shape into their every day habitual.So, you know, greens every day are the healthies vegetables, beans each day, berries every day are the healthiest fruits.
A tablespoon of ground flaxseeds, 1 / 4 teaspoon of floor turmeric. You know, the first-rate beverage, the high-quality sweeteners, how a whole lot workout to get—simply to kind of inspire people to try and fit a number of the healthies of healthy ingredients into the eating regimen.And one of those boxes I inspire people to tick off every day, you’re no longer going to match—you’re not going to test off the day unless you get some shape of cruciferous veggies, which is about a 1/2 cup of cooked cruciferous greens, approximately a cup of uncooked.
And in order that’s like kale, collards, bok choy, and Brussels sprouts, and collard greens, most of these exceptional veggies. And so essentially but you get them for your weight loss plan, the higher.During the summertime, inexperienced smoothies are a top notch pass-to manner to get vegetables in your breakfast.
And I kind of break a few white beans in my oatmeal simply to get my legumes, were given to check the ones off. But, yeah, placed them in a smoothie, put them everywhere;so long as you’re getting greens, that’s the most essential issue.
Now you could overdo, I mean you may overdo uncooked cruciferous veggies which have this so known as goitrogenic compounds which can be found in lots of healthful foods, now not simplest broccoli, however also flaxseeds and a number of different healthful matters. But the answer isn't always to keep away from these honestly wholesome meals;it’s simply to get sufficient iodine because those goitrogenic compounds just intrude with the uptake of iodine, which is the thyroid gland.
So if you’re honestly marginally not getting enough iodine, then consuming numerous broccoli and cruciferous can simply affect your levels. So the response, you simply ensure you’re getting a supply of iodine;the healthiest one is sea greens, so you like munch on those seaweed snacks, after which similar to dark inexperienced leafies as a snack.
Ah! I imply the more approaches you may get them into your diet, the better.There became this famous case inside the New England Journal of Medicine, a woman who—I neglect, it became like actually lots of kilos of uncooked bok choy, she turned into on a few loopy food plan, and in reality did run into thyroid troubles, so 1000 pounds… adequate, however… Gianna It’s like the soy.
…I encourage humans, right. And appearance, we’re speakme about ingredients with medicinal results.I imply we must assume like if you can devour as a good deal—I suggest if there’s a vast quantity of some thing that you may be exposed to, possibly doesn’t have lots “uumph” to it, proper?
But the fact that, look, no, a number of these foods will have powerful effects on our biology, so no wonder that there’s a positive degree which you want to live through, however fortuitously they’re all without problems within any kind of usual culinary dose. Gianna Number eight:is sprouting nuts, seeds, grains and beans better for digestion?
If so, why? Oh, properly, see, part of the motive that human beings soak or sprout nuts is to put off the phytates.So there was this notion, based totally on studies on puppies returned inside the ‘50s, that phytates have been mineral inhibitors.
And so the way you can put off the phytates, you soak nuts otherwise you sprout nuts to remove the phytates, and then you’d maximize your calcium absorption and different important minerals. But we now recognise not simplest is that no longer the case, but phytates are truely healthy for you, actually beneficial consequences of phytates, so we should clearly try to get as lots phytates in our diet as possible, and the manner we do that is by means of eating our nuts un-sprouted, eating our nuts un-soaked.And so, yeah, I encourage human beings to eat uncooked nuts, seeds, and seed butters.
The reason we’d as an alternative not roast them is due to the formation of AGE’s, Advanced Glycation End products, which can be those glycotoxins related to improved chance of kidney sickness and Alzheimer’s and increased ageing and every kind of truly bad matters. And it’s shaped whilst high fats, excessive protein foods are uncovered to extraordinarily high warmness, dry warmth.And so almost all AGE publicity is meat—so like barbequed hot dogs, so barbequed, grilling, grilled hen, that form of factor—extremely high.
So if you study it, whereas plant foods have almost nothing regardless of what you do—I imply you may grill a bell pepper and also you’re now not going to offer a hassle, however there are uncommon plant ingredients which might be high within protein results, such as nuts, together with soy. So we must definitely, ideally should not—like Cajun blackened tofu, no longer an excellent idea on a normal basis due to those ages.So that’s why we virtually shouldn’t roast our nuts.
Gianna And Why Do You Recommend Nut Butters As Opposed To Just The Whole Nut?
Oh, definitely complete nuts are higher because you really chunk right down to little particles—no matter how properly you bite, you normally best fracture down to approximately 2 mm, that is 1000 instances large than the debris determined within nut butters.And the motive that’s critical is because those mobile walls and those little cubes, which contain masses of thousands of intact walls, really defend all the nutrients inner from absorption for your small gut, and that creates a bounty for our intestine vegetation.
So when we consume just acellular ingredients, powders like flour merchandise, although it’s 100% whole wheat flour—so if we eat 100% whole wheat flour bread or pasta or some thing, we’re getting all the vitamins; they didn’t eliminate the fiber, but all of the vitamins are out, uncovered to be absorbed.They get absorbed within the small gut, leaving very little for our gut plants on the quit.
Whereas in case you devour whole intact grains or complete beans, then there may be without a doubt these little clumps of meals that’s leftover for our right bacteria, and that improves our intestine fitness and improves our microbiome. Gianna i love it.Since so much of our soil is depleted of minerals, where can we get amazing assets of minerals?
So that’s a few scammy hint mineral seller communicate. Somebody must have a look at crop nutrient decline over the last 1/2 century, maybe 15%.So people looking to sell you mineral dietary supplements will make this, will say, oh, our plants are depleted, just because they’re trying to sell you something.
We can simply study the information; the USDA tracks nutrients in the soil going back for a century:15% decrement.
So which means, adequate, in place of five florets of broccoli, now you have to eat six florets of broccoli in place of a half century in the past. Fine, devour six florets of broccoli.There’s no need to take mineral supplements.
Gianna good enough. Number ten: For people who say absolutely everyone’s specific, so we all require distinctive diets.Yeah.
Gianna What is your advice on this, and does a whole food, plant-based totally diet assist us stay longer, healthier lives, every body? So, it’s now not like—like at a zoo, there’s a gorilla weight loss plan and there’s a lemur weight loss program.It’s now not like, oh, you’re lemur #12, so you get a few loopy food plan.
No, there’s a weight loss program that’s naturally tuned to our biology. We advanced for thousands and thousands of years.So we broke from our closing superb ape ancestors approximately 20 million years ago.
So for the primary 90% of our evolution until approximately 2 million years in the past we ate what our fellow incredible apes ate, which is basically vegetables and fruit. We had been a plant-based diet, almost exclusively plant-based totally diet, and simplest inside the closing 10% of our evolution did we start understanding a way to make equipment and looking, etc.And so our biology is tuned to consuming entire food, plant based totally—so no surprise that the same type of food plan that reverses heart disease, the primary killer of men and women, is the identical weight loss plan that also reverses diabetes, and the identical food plan that reverses high blood pressure.
And So A Kidney Healthy Diet, Is A Liver Healthy Diet, Is A Brain Healthy Diet, Right?
And it all makes feel because, look, the anti inflammatory food regimen is a food plan that allows your arteries everywhere in the course of your frame.I suggest, appearance, if that’s all a plant-based totally weight loss program should do, reverse the number one killer of men and women, shouldn’t that be kind of the default food plan until verified otherwise?
In truth that it can additionally prevent or reverse different main killers could seem to make the case for plant-based totally ingesting clearly overwhelming. Gianna We have one bonus query.Bonus!
What do ya’ got?Gianna What Is The Most Effective Way To Help People Convert To Being Plant Based?
So I suppose sharing sources with them.
So once in a while it’s hard; human beings placed up their defenses when a person tries—when everybody involves us with a few new concept that conflicts with what we trust, there’s simply this type of natural reaction to sort of need to keep on.That’s why sharing form of 1/3-birthday party resources:
“Here’s a exquisite documentary, here’s a exquisite website, here’s a incredible e-book,” after which they can type of take it in on themselves, and then form of the motivation comes from within instead of feeling someone’s trying to inform them to do some thing. So that’s considered one of my favorite ways.And percentage tremendous food!
They have this experience that, oh, yeah, it doesn’t depend how—will I stay that long or simply sense like I lived that lengthy? But no, it’s definitely the high-quality of each worlds.Some of the yummiest, like berries, proper?
Wait a 2nd. Tastes excellent and you get to live longer?That’s what plant-based totally ingesting is all approximately Gianna Thanks for tuning within, Love, Giana, and… [silence].
You have to mention, “ .” I didn’t understand my line. Where’s my cue card?