Author: Karen Lennox
Time for reading: ~27
minutes
Last Updated:
August 08, 2022
Learn more information about daily carbs. In this article we'll discuss daily carbs.
Happy to be right here.
i'm a doctor, focusing on life-style medicine the usage of weight loss program and exercise now not simplest prevent sickness, but to treat and opposite it as well.
And it all actually is going back to my grandma. You realize, I think the spark for plenty youngsters to want to be a health practitioner after they develop up is watching a grandparent get sick or even die, however for me was watching my grandma get better.She became recognized with stop level heart disorder.
Already had such a lot of pass surgeries, not anything greater the medical doctors may want to do. She was despatched domestic in a wheel chair to die.Crushing chest pain.
But then she heard approximately this man, Nathan Pritikin, one of our early lifestyle remedy pioneers, and what occurred subsequent is honestly extensive within Pritikin’s biography, to talk about Frances , my grandma.They wheeled her within, and she walked out some weeks later.
She become walking 10 miles an afternoon, and though she changed into given her medical demise sentence at age 65, way to a healthful weight loss program changed into capable of enjoy any other 31 years in the world to age 96, to keep to enjoy her six grandkids consisting of me. So that’s why I went into remedy.That’s why I exercise the form of medicine I do, way of life medicine.
I simply need to do to your family what Pritikin did for my circle of relatives.
Gianna That’s super. First query:how plenty fats and protein will we need day by day?
What are the pleasant resources? And how lots ought to athletes be eating?Well, , we don’t consume macro nutrients;
we don’t consume micro nutrients.You need Paleo junk meals, we’ll give you vegan junk meals, we’ll come up with fats loose junk meals, we’ll provide you with… I imply any kind of junk food you need because it’s all approximately macro nutrients or it’s all about some thing specific element, proper?
On Fruit Loops, they are able to say, “with fiber, vitamin D” with all this stuff, and that offers us this sort of fitness halo, when in reality it should all be about meals. And the cause people don’t speak approximately meals is there’s no cash to be made in food.In truth, offer goes terrible;
Can’t sit on the shelf like a Twinkie for a couple weeks.
And appearance, even a broccoli grower is not going to position an advert on television for broccoli due to the fact, you realize, they’ll simply buy a competitor’s broccoli. There’s just no money to be made.You’re in no way going to look an ad on television for candy potatoes due to the fact there’s just no cash to be made.
That’s not where the income is. The gadget is installation to praise just the unhealthiest but most worthwhile conduct.And so, I suggest, in order that’s simply type of falling into the meals enterprise’s trap to speak of kind of this reductionist view of nutrients instead of meals.
Like What’s The Best Food, Right?
Well, carbs are jelly beans or kidney beans, lentils or lollipops.
They’re each carbs, right? I mean so fats, fats’s walnuts or lard, proper?So that’s why you can’t talk approximately it.
That’s why the enterprise wishes you to talk like that, however it surely has to come back down to is what are the healthiest foods? So like, appearance, the dairy enterprise can say “the calcium in dairy.” Yeah, you realize what else is within dairy?It’s the number one supply of saturated fat on this U.S.
People assume like steak or some thing. No, the primary source of saturated fat is dairy, yes, the number one source of calcium, but sure, there’s protein in beef, yes, there’s iron in red meat, proper?
But What About The Baggage That Comes Along With All Those Nutrients?
I suggest as lots as Burger King says you could “have it your way,” you could’t be like, “Yeah, can i get the protein but hold the saturated fat, keep the hormones, maintain the ldl cholesterol.” I recognize, it’s a bundle— food is a bundle deal. So the thing about that, so in case you get your calcium from, you know, darkish inexperienced leafy vegetables as an alternative, then it’s like, properly, the luggage is honestly a bonus.You get the fiber and the folate and the iron and the antioxidants—all this stuff missing from sort of the dairy source.
So that’s how we suppose in terms of meals. So in case you question me what are the great ingredients that occur to have fat within them, properly, it might be nuts, seeds, avocados, because then it’s simply—you just get the bonus instead of the luggage.In terms of protein resources, all of us who doesn’t understand how to get protein on a plant-based weight-reduction plan doesn’t recognize beans, proper?
Beans, cut up peas, chickpeas, lentils, legumes—the protein superstars of the plant nation. And then also some of the complete grains, nuts and seeds and all kinds of things.So entire plant meals are the healthiest manner to get almost all your nutrients, and that’s in reality, I suppose, how we ought to reflect onconsideration on the ones macro nutrients.
Gianna Question number :What Are Your Thoughts On Alkaline And Distilled Water, And Which Is Best For Athletes?
Most of the type of alkaline water nonsense is simply bogus, scam type of stuff.
i have a video on NutritionFacts.org that goes into the science around that. Distilled water simply type of appears a waste of strength to me.I imply it’s the identical aspect with like, you know, form of reverse osmosis distillation;
it’s simply a totally type of wasteful procedure. But you may do away with some little trace minerals, but that’s now not in reality the problem.I suggest faucet water is generally the cheapest, most secure supply of consuming water.
Gianna What approximately fluoride in it? Fluoride is the reason why we don’t grow antique and lose all our teeth.Gianna Should we be consuming fluoride even though?
It’s now not vital, however from a public health standpoint—wealthy people can visit the dentist and afford all styles of gizmos, ultrasonic gizmos for their teeth—however from a public health scale, I suggest that’s how you attain impoverished populations which won't have the dental care which you have, and so if you have a dental problem, no massive deal, visit the dentist, proper? But if they have a dental trouble, they could lose their tooth, which means losing a lot of their nutrition or being in chronic ache.And surely from a public health point of view fluoridated water is—in fact, in step with the Center for Disease Control, one of the greatest public health improvements over the last century.
Gianna Question quantity three: are there any recommendations or special guidelines for girls who choose to eat a plant-primarily based weight loss plan whilst pregnant, and who additionally pick out to elevate children plant based after the breast milk degree if over?When you’re consuming for two it’s simply that rather more critical to get all the nutrients you need, and so it’s essentially all of the same advice you’d provide to everybody consuming a wholesome eating regimen, eating a plant-based food regimen.
Critically crucial: diet B12.So there’s nutrients that aren’t made by means of plant life.
One’s nutrition D, which is made by means of animals such as yourself when you walk outside; it’s the light diet.And the alternative one’s diet B12.
Not made via plant life, not made by using animals either; made through little microbes that blanket the earth.So, you realize, we may want to get all the B12 we wanted drinking properly water or out of a mountain or some thing a long time ago, however now we chlorinate our water deliver to kill off any micro organism, so we don’t have quite a few B12 in our water any greater.
Don’t get numerous cholera both. It’s an excellent component that we live within a pleasant sanitary world, but due to that we need to get a ordinary dependable supply of B12.Critically essential, especially for pregnant women, but for all people.
During being pregnant iodine’s critical, a mineral often lacking from prenatal vitamins, so it’s vital, if you’re getting a prenatal, to ensure it has iodine. Recommended every day allowance is 150 micrograms a day.
Gianna And For Children Being Raised Vegan, Do You Recommend Any Books Or Any Videos To Watch?
Is That Something That You Would Recommend To Raise Children Whole Food, Plant Based?
Should we enhance our youngsters wholesome?I say sure, indeed, and so does the maximum esteemed pediatrician within human records, Benjamin Spock, within the seventh version of Child and Baby Care, which is like one of the fine-promoting books ever, second only to the Bible possibly in this United States.
Where in his last edition he wrote, within his 90s earlier than he died, encouraged all kids be raised with zero exposure to meat and dairy, and he did that due to the fact he ought to see what the grandparents had been loss of life from and spot this burgeoning early life weight problems epidemic. So definitely we must enhance our kids within the healthiest feasible way.That method now not having them smoke cigarettes.
That means having them put on seat belts, smoke alarms within the home, and an entire food, plant-primarily based weight loss program—in reality basic, simple. And even the ADA, well, what’s now the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, of their official position paper says strictly plant-primarily based diets are appropriate for all stages of the way of life, including pregnancy and infancy and on via vintage age.So simply, we have to all be elevating healthful kids, and in reality, Scott Stoll is presently writing a e book on raising vegan children;
he’s got six, so he is aware of one or two matters approximately it. Gianna adequate, range four:please assist give an explanation for soy and hormones, and why both ladies and men need not fear it.
Soy is a misunderstood bean. All sorts of nuttiness out at the internet.If you take a look at the science, though, it’s sincerely just kind of a exceptional scientific consensus within terms of humans.
I suggest, the laboratory animal reviews, it depends in case you’re a hamster or a rat, or specific traces of mice have extraordinary outcomes. When we eventually had human information, so for instance breast cancer, you may see issues at the net about, look, soy has phytoestrogens.
When You Think Of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer, Should Women With Breast Cancer Be Eating Soy?
And so we didn’t understand till 2004, the primary study that absolutely put it to the test and actually accompanied breast most cancers survivors, a few that ate soy and some that didn’t, just to peer who lived longer, who had less breast most cancers recurrence. And within that statistic and in all of five studies performed thus far, every single one located that ladies with breast cancer, whether estrogen receptor effective or negative, whether or not they were on Tamoxifen or not—all always greater survival;placed them all collectively, more survival, decrease cancer recurrence price.
And so we’ve regarded that consuming soy, in particular for the duration of early life, can reduce the threat of getting breast cancer in the first region, however now we understand it’s associated with progressed survival as properly. So wait a 2nd.How is that feasible when it has estrogenic effects?
Well, no, see you don’t recognize. There’s truly two kinds of estrogen receptor cells—it’s a long scenario:alpha, beta—so basically your personal estrogen, your endogenous estrogen produced via your ovaries attaches preferentially to alpha receptors.
Soy attaches to a special type of estrogen receptors. So it topics, the outcomes of soy at the body matters at the ratio of those specific receptors and distinctive organs of the body.And so it absolutely has pro-estrogen outcomes wherein you want it, like within the bones, skeleton.
It definitely reduces bone loss as compared to dairy milk, as an example, in stories of soy milk. But it has android estrogenic results where you want it, for example in the breast, reducing breast cancer hazard and improving breast most cancers survival.So it’s what’s known as a selective estrogen receptor modulator, a flowery time period for basically the pleasant of all worlds.
So it reduces warm flashes, anti-estrogen effect, strengthens the bones, seasoned-estrogenic effect, reduces breast cancer risk. And so you don’t need to eat it;all of the legumes are healthy, and i encourage humans to devour complete soy assets like edamame, immature green soybeans;
you may get frozen baggage of it, sprinkle it for your salad, a remarkable choice. Tempeh, miso, those are all whole soy ingredients, as well as a number of the extra processed stuff.And so that you appearance inside the clinical literature, it’s clean.
We’ve were given tons of movies about it. So yeah, you simply don’t consider the craziness you study at the net.Gianna And just for the adult males out there which can be involved that they might develop breasts or something like that from soy.
Can We Help Debunk That For Men, So They Don’t Fear It As Well?
Sure.So there’s three case reports within literature of gynecomastia with immoderate soy intake.
But via immoderate soy—they have been actually ingesting gallons of soy milk an afternoon, so I neglect… I suppose some humans, like 40 servings of soy a day, and at that level you may surely get enough alpha receptor pastime to genuinely have pro-estrogenic consequences. So the answer is not to keep away from soy, but now not drink four gallons of soy milk an afternoon.
Gianna So Men Aren’t Going To Grow Breasts If They’re Eating Soy Here And There?
No, and actually it'd be healthful. So soy consumption within men is associated with lower prostate most cancers hazard, that is the number one most cancers killer particular to men.Gianna adequate, query range five:
Can A Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Help Heal Autoimmune Diseases Like Thyroid Issues And Colitis?
So consuming an anti-inflammatory diet, no wonder, can be one of the high-quality nutritional remedies for inflammatory illnesses in popular, inclusive of vehicle-immune sickness.So as an example, more than one sclerosis, which is an car-immune disorder in which your frame attacks your personal nerves, the single best recorded intervention—scientific, surgical, anything, no pills—have ever crushed out a plant-primarily based weight loss program:
Roy Swank’s anti-MS food plan, so the simplest. So it’s not simply safer, inexpensive.No, the handiest remedy ever published in the peer reviewed clinical scientific literature, a plant-based totally weight loss program.
Chron’s disease, identical element. A study out of Japan using a plant-based totally food regimen, some of the excellent relapse prevention rates ever.Chron’s sickness is an automobile-immune inflammatory bowel disorder.
Rheumatoid arthritis, one of the maximum powerful interventions for rheumatoid arthritis—whether we’re talking about goal measures along with grip strength and inflammatory markers inside the blood circulation or simply within terms of first-class of lifestyles for humans suffering from these sicknesses. Auto-immune ailment, we just don’t have a whole lot of suitable insights for.We have data, so the Adventist 2 research determined that folks who devour strictly plant-primarily based diets have the highest rates of what’s referred to as euthyroid thyroid, meaning ordinary thyroid characteristic, and so it could save you thyroid problems.
But there’s in no way been any study that genuinely put plant-based diets to the take a look at in terms of treating thyroid disfunction, until we’re speakme about something like iodine deficiency. There’s different sorts of inflammatory illnesses that we don’t have stats for, however it would make experience if it really works for these kinds of other automobile-immune sicknesses, it works for those other inflammatory illnesses, an anti inflammatory eating regimen could have this effect.And part of that anti inflammatory energy is from the fiber.
You say, fiber? Who would suppose fiber?We think like bowel fitness or something.
It’s simply sort of an inert substance. Not in any respect.We can’t digest fiber, however our desirable intestine bacteria can.
We have trillions of bacteria within our intestine. And we used to assume that changed into just gut fitness, but now we recognize that our microbiome, our pleasant flowers down in our colon without a doubt may have outcomes on our immune device, even our mental fitness.
And What Do They Eat, What Do Our Good Bugs Eat?
They devour prebiotics, which is fiber and resistant starch found in abundance in handiest one vicinity: whole plant ingredients, and a number of these compounds have anti inflammatory consequences.They’re ruin down products of fiber;
they get absorbed into your gadget and circulated at some stage in your frame. So that’s one of the motives why plant-based totally diets are so anti inflammatory.Gianna Number six:
What are your thoughts on nutrients and dietary supplements, vegan based, both taken orally or intravenously like vitamin C drips? Well, clearly nutrition B12 is significantly essential for anybody eating a healthy food regimen, so I’d recommend 2500 micrograms of what’s called cyanocobalamin, that's the cheapest supply.Once every week is all you want.
Costs much less than $5 a 12 months. You’re going to get all of the B12 you want, but severely crucial from a regular reliable supply.If you’re not getting enough sun… Now, if you’re mild skinned enough and younger enough and thin sufficient and stay at a range that’s sunny sufficient, then getting 10, 15 minutes of mid-day sun, you’ll get all the vitamin D you need.
But it doesn’t be counted how sunny it's far if you’re caught at a desk process all day, now not getting outside, in which case you’d want to complement your food plan with diet D, the light nutrition. I advise 2,000 global gadgets of nutrition D3 an afternoon.So, I suggest intravenous nutrition C has been used as a most cancers remedy, going back to the Seventies with Linus Pauling’s paintings.
It became considering that—exciting—kind of debunked by way of Mayo Clinic, where they gave humans a whole bunch of diet C; didn’t see the type of astounding consequences that have been at the start seen, however they had been the use of oral nutrition C.We used to suppose, properly, oral nutrition C is the same as intravenous nutrition C, but no, our body really clamps down on nutrition C absorption.
At very small doses it doesn’t be counted both way, you’ll take in it all. But as soon as your body receives over about 200, 250 milligrams of vitamin C—which is set five servings of culmination and vegetables well worth—your frame starts clamping “that’s a touch an excessive amount of.” Your frame starts offevolved clamping down on absorption, so they absolutely weren’t uncovered to the equal amount.And so i've a whole series of videos on intravenous vitamin C for cancer if you’re inquisitive about that;
I inspire people to test it out. Gianna Should we be cooking cru—your favored—need to we be cooking cruciferous vegetables, like steaming broccoli, or is blending raw kale within a smoothie effective enough, and is it horrific for the thyroid to consume them uncooked? Oh, my God.We must eat cruciferous vegetables in whichever manner gets us to eat the maximum of them.
You like uncooked broccoli? Eat uncooked broccoli.You like steamed broccoli?
Eat steamed. Whichever way gets you to eat the maximum.In truth cruciferous vegetables are certainly one of my Daily Dozen.
It’s a loose app on iPhone, Android: “ ’s Daily Dozen.” I talk approximately all the ingredients I inspire humans to get and suit into their each day habitual.So, , veggies each day are the healthies veggies, beans each day, berries every day are the healthiest fruits.
A tablespoon of floor flaxseeds, a quarter teaspoon of ground turmeric. You recognize, the great beverage, the first-class sweeteners, how a great deal exercising to get—just to type of encourage humans to try to match some of the healthies of healthful foods into the food regimen.And one of these bins I encourage humans to tick off every day, you’re now not going to fit—you’re now not going to test off the day except you get a few form of cruciferous greens, which is about a half cup of cooked cruciferous vegetables, approximately a cup of uncooked.
And in order that’s like kale, collards, bok choy, and Brussels sprouts, and collard veggies, these kinds of extremely good greens. And so basically but you get them to your weight loss plan, the better.During the summertime, inexperienced smoothies are a amazing cross-to manner to get veggies on your breakfast.
And I form of destroy a few white beans in my oatmeal just to get my legumes, got to test those off. But, yeah, placed them in a smoothie, positioned them anywhere;as long as you’re getting greens, that’s the maximum crucial component.
Now you may overdo, I imply you could overdo raw cruciferous vegetables that have this so referred to as goitrogenic compounds that are found within plenty of healthful foods, not handiest broccoli, but also flaxseeds and some of different healthy matters. But the option isn't always to avoid these truely healthful foods;it’s just to get sufficient iodine because these goitrogenic compounds simply intrude with the uptake of iodine, that is the thyroid gland.
So if you’re truly marginally not getting enough iodine, then eating a lot of broccoli and cruciferous can definitely have an effect on your tiers. So the reply, you simply make sure you’re getting a source of iodine;the healthiest one is sea veggies, so that you like munch on those seaweed snacks, after which similar to dark inexperienced leafies as a snack.
Ah! I imply the greater ways you may get them into your food plan, the higher.There turned into this famous case inside the New England Journal of Medicine, a girl who—I forget about, it became like actually hundreds of pounds of uncooked bok choy, she changed into on a few loopy food plan, and in reality did run into thyroid problems, so 1000 pounds… good enough, however… Gianna It’s just like the soy.
…I inspire humans, proper. And appearance, we’re speaking approximately foods with medicinal effects.I suggest we should assume like if you can eat as tons—I imply if there’s an infinite quantity of some thing that you can be exposed to, possibly doesn’t have a great deal “uumph” to it, right?
But the truth that, look, no, some of these foods could have effective results on our biology, so no surprise that there’s a certain level that you want to live within, but thankfully they’re all effortlessly through any form of common culinary dose. Gianna Number eight:is sprouting nuts, seeds, grains and beans higher for digestion?
If so, why? Oh, nicely, see, part of the cause that human beings soak or sprout nuts is to take away the phytates.So there has been this notion, based on reviews on dogs back inside the ‘50s, that phytates had been mineral inhibitors.
And so the manner you could do away with the phytates, you soak nuts or you sprout nuts to cast off the phytates, and then you definately’d maximize your calcium absorption and other important minerals. But we now know no longer handiest is that no longer the case, but phytates are honestly wholesome for you, without a doubt useful effects of phytates, so we need to honestly attempt to get as a great deal phytates within our food plan as viable, and the way we do this is through ingesting our nuts un-sprouted, consuming our nuts un-soaked.And so, yeah, I inspire human beings to devour uncooked nuts, seeds, and seed butters.
The purpose we’d instead now not roast them is because of the formation of AGE’s, Advanced Glycation End products, which might be those glycotoxins related to multiplied hazard of kidney ailment and Alzheimer’s and accelerated growing old and every type of truly terrible things. And it’s shaped when excessive fats, high protein ingredients are exposed to extraordinarily high warmth, dry warmth.And so almost all AGE publicity is meat—so like barbequed warm puppies, so barbequed, grilling, grilled chicken, that kind of factor—extraordinarily high.
So in case you study it, whereas plant foods have almost not anything regardless of what you do—I suggest you may grill a bell pepper and also you’re now not going to produce a trouble, however there are rare plant ingredients which are high within protein results, which include nuts, which include soy. So we should actually, ideally have to now not—like Cajun blackened tofu, now not a great concept on a regular foundation because of these a long time.So that’s why we actually shouldn’t roast our nuts.
Gianna And Why Do You Recommend Nut Butters As Opposed To Just The Whole Nut?
Oh, simply entire nuts are higher because you really chunk down to little particles—regardless of how nicely you bite, you generally best fracture all the way down to approximately 2 mm, that is 1000 times larger than the particles observed in nut butters.And the motive that’s vital is due to the fact the ones cell walls and those little cubes, which comprise masses of lots of intact partitions, actually guard all the nutrients inside from absorption in your small gut, and that creates a bounty for our gut plants.
So whilst we devour just acellular foods, powders like flour products, even supposing it’s 100% entire wheat flour—so if we eat 100% whole wheat flour bread or pasta or something, we’re getting all of the vitamins; they didn’t get rid of the fiber, however all of the nutrients are out, exposed to be absorbed.They get absorbed in the small intestine, leaving very little for our gut plants at the end.
Whereas if you consume whole intact grains or whole beans, then there may be sincerely these little clumps of food that’s leftover for our appropriate bacteria, and that improves our gut fitness and improves our microbiome. Gianna i really like it.Since a lot of our soil is depleted of minerals, where are we able to get exquisite sources of minerals?
So that’s some scammy trace mineral dealer talk. Somebody have to observe crop nutrient decline over the last 1/2 century, perhaps 15%.So humans seeking to sell you mineral dietary supplements will make this, will say, oh, our vegetation are depleted, just due to the fact they’re looking to sell you something.
We can in reality have a look at the facts; the USDA tracks vitamins inside the soil going back for a century:15% decrement.
So that means, good enough, as opposed to five florets of broccoli, now you have to devour six florets of broccoli instead of a half century ago. Fine, consume six florets of broccoli.There’s no need to take mineral dietary supplements.
Gianna ok. Number ten: For folks who say each person’s special, so we all require special diets.Yeah.
Gianna What is your advice in this, and does an entire food, plant-based totally weight loss program assist us live longer, healthier lives, everybody? So, it’s now not like—like at a zoo, there’s a gorilla weight loss program and there’s a lemur weight-reduction plan.It’s now not like, oh, you’re lemur #12, so that you get a few loopy weight loss program.
No, there’s a diet that’s naturally tuned to our biology. We evolved for thousands and thousands of years.So we broke from our ultimate incredible ape ancestors about 20 million years in the past.
So for the first 90% of our evolution until about 2 million years in the past we ate what our fellow terrific apes ate, which is largely vegetables and fruit. We were a plant-primarily based weight-reduction plan, nearly exclusively plant-based food regimen, and best in the last 10% of our evolution did we start knowing the way to make gear and hunting, etc.And so our biology is tuned to eating entire meals, plant primarily based—so no surprise that the identical kind of weight loss program that reverses heart ailment, the primary killer of women and men, is the identical diet that still reverses diabetes, and the same weight loss plan that reverses excessive blood strain.
And So A Kidney Healthy Diet, Is A Liver Healthy Diet, Is A Brain Healthy Diet, Right?
And all of it makes feel because, appearance, the anti-inflammatory diet is a diet that allows your arteries anywhere at some point of your frame.I imply, appearance, if that’s all a plant-based totally weight loss program could do, reverse the primary killer of males and females, shouldn’t that be kind of the default food plan until validated otherwise?
In reality that it can additionally prevent or reverse other main killers might seem to make the case for plant-based consuming clearly overwhelming. Gianna We have one bonus question.Bonus!
What do ya’ got?Gianna What Is The Most Effective Way To Help People Convert To Being Plant Based?
So I suppose sharing assets with them.
So from time to time it’s tough; people placed up their defenses when someone tries—when each person involves us with some new idea that conflicts with what we trust, there’s just this kind of natural reaction to sort of want to preserve on.That’s why sharing kind of 1/3-birthday party assets:
“Here’s a splendid documentary, here’s a tremendous website, here’s a great e book,” and then they can form of take it within on themselves, and then form of the inducement comes from within as opposed to feeling someone’s trying to tell them to do something. So that’s certainly one of my preferred methods.And proportion high-quality meals!
They have this sense that, oh, yeah, it doesn’t rely how—will I stay that long or just experience like I lived that long? But no, it’s certainly the high-quality of each worlds.Some of the yummiest, like berries, proper?
Wait a 2nd. Tastes great and also you get to live longer?That’s what plant-based totally ingesting is all about Gianna Thanks for tuning in, Love, Giana, and… [silence].
You have to say, “ .” I didn’t know my line. Where’s my cue card?