Diet № 5a - For Hepatitis, Cholecystitis, Cirrhosis, Etc.

Diet 5a  is intended for use in acute hepatitis, cholecystitis, exacerbation of chronic hepatitis, gallstone disease, cirrhosis of the liver and other diseases that are in accordance with the diet.

Purpose of diet № 5a:

The purpose of this diet is to spare the affected organs as much as possible and to provide complete nutrition in the conditions of pronounced disorders of the liver and bile ducts in connection with inflammatory and degenerative-dystrophic processes in the liver cells and bile organs. Normalizes the work of the liver and excretory organs, also helps the organs that are most often involved in the pathological process (stomach, duodenum, pancreas, intestines).

General characteristics of the diet:

Physiologically, the diet is complete, with reduced fat and table salt, with chemical and mechanical irritants to the mucous membrane and the receptor system of the gastrointestinal tract; with the exception of products and dishes that enhance the processes of putrefaction and fermentation in the intestine; also stimulants for bile secretion, gastric secretion, pancreas, substances that irritate the liver (extracts, organic acids, products rich in essential oils, cholesterol, purines, baked goods containing products whose fats are not completely broken down. All dishes are cooked or steamed.Some baked foods are allowed without a rough crust.

Dishes are usually served in the form of puree - soups are mashed or vegetables are chopped very finely, and cereals are well cooked.

Food is taken 5-6 times a day in small portions.

Chemical composition and energy value of diet 5a

Chemical composition: proteins - 80 g (60% animals), fats - 70-75 g (20-25% vegetable), carbohydrates - 350 g (80-90 g sugar), salt - 8 g, free liquid - 2-2.5 liters. Caloric content - 2400 kcal.

Recommended and unsuitable products for diet 5a:

- suitable: wheat bread made from first-class flour, dried or not fresh.

- unsuitable: fresh and rye breads, butter and puff pastry.

- suitable: vegetarian with mashed vegetables, cream soups, purees, milk soups with water content. Soups of well-cooked cereals, finely grated potatoes, carrots, pumpkin, seasoned with butter, cream, baked flour are allowed.

- not recommended: meat, fish and mushroom broths, and legume broths

- suitable: tender and lean meats - beef, rabbit, chicken, turkey. The tendons are separated from their meat, and the skin is separated from the chicken. Cooked meatballs (souffle, meatballs, puree, etc.) are allowed.

 - not recommended: fatty meats, duck, goose; fried, stewed and perishable meat products; liver, kidneys, brain, sausages, canned food, smoked meats.

 - allowed: only lean species, boiled or steamed fish

 - Prohibited: oily, salted, stewed fish, canned food, caviar

 - suitable: milk (for colitis - only in food), yogurt - dairy products. Non-sour fresh semi-skimmed or skimmed cottage cheese and products thereof (souffle, puddings, etc.) grated or steamed.

 - unsuitable: cream, sour cream; full-fat and acidic cottage cheese, salty and spicy cheese.

 - suitable: baked omelets (protein only). Only half or, at most, 1 egg yolk per day is allowed in the dishes.

 - unsuitable: other dishes with and with eggs

 - allowed: milk porridge, water and: semolina, rice, buckwheat puree, oatmeal, rice flour and buckwheat flour. Semolina or rice souffle, cooked pasta (noodles, etc.).

 - not allowed: legumes, millet, crumbly porridge

 - allowed: potatoes, carrots, beets, cauliflower - grated or cooked (puree, souffle, etc.). Zucchini and squash are boiled in pieces.

 - not allowed: mushrooms, legumes, salted, pickled, pickled vegetables, cabbage, turnips, radishes, sorrel, garlic, onions

They are forbidden

 - allowed: ripe, soft and sweet fruits and berries - raw and grated. The fruits can be used boiled or baked; pickles, jellies, mousses. Grated dried fruits, lactic acid, honey, sugar, jams, jellies, kisses.

 - not allowed: sour and cellulose-rich fruits, chocolate, ice cream, creams.

 - allowed: broth from fruits, vegetables and cereals; milk broth with sour cream. Do not bake the flour.

 - not allowed: spices

 - tea with lemon, milk, soft coffee with milk, sweet fruit juices (including forest), rosehip decoction

 - not allowed: cocoa, black coffee, cold and carbonated drinks

 - allowed: oil, but in limited quantities (pure oil - 20-30 grams per day); if you do not have any intolerance, you can use fresh refined vegetable oils in the dishes.

 - no other fats are allowed

About the menu for diet 5a:

•  First breakfast: steamed cottage cheese souffle, boiled rice puree with milk, tea
•  Breakfast: baked apple with sugar
•  Lunch: barley vegetarian soup in the form of puree, steamed meatballs with carrot puree, sour
• Afternoon snack: rosehip decoction
• Dinner: steamed fish meatballs with mashed potatoes, semolina pudding with sweet sauce, tea.