Author: Marko Balašević
Time for reading: ~27
minutes
Last Updated:
August 08, 2022
Learn more information about different types of minerals. In this article we'll discuss different types of minerals.
Happy to be here.
i am a physician, that specialize in life-style medication the usage of weight loss plan and exercising no longer handiest save you disease, but to deal with and reverse it as nicely.
And it all virtually is going returned to my grandma. You know, I suppose the spark for lots children to want to be a medical doctor after they develop up is looking a grandparent get ill or even die, however for me turned into looking my grandma get higher.She turned into diagnosed with stop stage heart disease.
Already had such a lot of skip surgical procedures, nothing extra the doctors should do. She became despatched domestic within a wheel chair to die.Crushing chest ache.
But then she heard about this guy, Nathan Pritikin, considered one of our early way of life medicine pioneers, and what befell subsequent is sincerely specific within Pritikin’s biography, to speak about Frances , my grandma.They wheeled her in, and she walked out a few weeks later.
She became strolling 10 miles an afternoon, and although she become given her scientific death sentence at age 65, way to a healthful food plan become capable of experience any other 31 years on the earth to age 96, to retain to revel in her six grandkids together with me. So that’s why I went into medicine.That’s why I exercise the form of medication I do, way of life medication.
I simply need to do for your own family what Pritikin did for my own family.
Gianna That’s first rate. First query:how much fats and protein can we want day by day?
What are the excellent resources? And how a whole lot have to athletes be ingesting?Well, , we don’t devour macro nutrients;
we don’t consume micro nutrients.You want Paleo junk food, we’ll come up with vegan junk food, we’ll provide you with fat unfastened junk food, we’ll provide you with… I imply any sort of junk food you need as it’s all approximately macro nutrients or it’s all about whatever unique element, proper?
On Fruit Loops, they can say, “with fiber, nutrition D” with all these items, and that offers us this sort of health halo, while within reality it should all be about food. And the motive people don’t communicate about food is there’s no money to be made within food.In reality, deliver goes awful;
Can’t take a seat at the shelf like a Twinkie for a couple weeks.
And appearance, even a broccoli grower is not going to place an ad on tv for broccoli because, you realize, they’ll simply purchase a competitor’s broccoli. There’s simply no money to be made.You’re in no way going to look an advert on television for sweet potatoes due to the fact there’s just no money to be made.
That’s not wherein the income is. The machine is set up to reward simply the unhealthiest however maximum worthwhile behavior.And so, I mean, in order that’s simply form of falling into the food enterprise’s trap to talk of type of this reductionist view of vitamins in preference to food.
Like What’s The Best Food, Right?
Well, carbs are jelly beans or kidney beans, lentils or lollipops.
They’re each carbs, right? I suggest so fats, fats’s walnuts or lard, right?So that’s why you can’t communicate about it.
That’s why the industry wishes you to talk like that, however it simply has to come back down to is what are the healthiest ingredients? So like, look, the dairy enterprise can say “the calcium within dairy.” Yeah, you recognize what else is within dairy?It’s the number one source of saturated fats in this United States of America.
People assume like steak or some thing. No, the primary supply of saturated fat is dairy, sure, the number one source of calcium, however sure, there’s protein in beef, sure, there’s iron within beef, proper?
But What About The Baggage That Comes Along With All Those Nutrients?
I suggest as much as Burger King says you may “have it your manner,” you may’t be like, “Yeah, can i am getting the protein but keep the saturated fats, preserve the hormones, preserve the cholesterol.” I know, it’s a package— food is a bundle deal. So the aspect about that, so if you get your calcium from, you realize, darkish inexperienced leafy greens instead, then it’s like, properly, the bags is actually an advantage.You get the fiber and the folate and the iron and the antioxidants—all these items lacking from kind of the dairy supply.
So that’s how we think in terms of food. So in case you inquire from me what are the high-quality ingredients that happen to have fat in them, well, it might be nuts, seeds, avocados, due to the fact then it’s simply—you just get the bonus rather than the luggage.In phrases of protein assets, all and sundry who doesn’t recognize the way to get protein on a plant-based totally eating regimen doesn’t recognise beans, proper?
Beans, break up peas, chickpeas, lentils, legumes—the protein superstars of the plant nation. And then additionally a number of the whole grains, nuts and seeds and all varieties of matters.So whole plant meals are the healthiest way to get nearly all of your vitamins, and that’s honestly, I think, how we should consider the ones macro vitamins.
Gianna Question number :What Are Your Thoughts On Alkaline And Distilled Water, And Which Is Best For Athletes?
Most of the kind of alkaline water nonsense is simply bogus, scam type of stuff.
i have a video on NutritionFacts.org that goes into the technology round that. Distilled water just sort of appears a waste of strength to me.I suggest it’s the identical issue with like, you recognize, form of opposite osmosis distillation;
it’s simply a totally form of wasteful technique. But you could dispose of some little hint minerals, but that’s no longer sincerely the difficulty.I mean tap water is typically the most inexpensive, safest supply of consuming water.
Gianna What about fluoride in it? Fluoride is the motive why we don’t grow vintage and lose all our tooth.Gianna Should we be ingesting fluoride although?
It’s not important, however from a public health standpoint—rich humans can go to the dentist and have the funds for all kinds of gizmos, ultrasonic gizmos for his or her tooth—however from a public health scale, I mean that’s how you reach impoverished populations which might not have the dental care which you have, and so if you have a dental problem, no big deal, go to the dentist, proper? But if they have a dental problem, they could lose their enamel, which means dropping a number of their nutrition or being within continual ache.And truly from a public fitness standpoint fluoridated water is—in reality, in step with the Center for Disease Control, one of the greatest public health improvements over the past century.
Gianna Question range three: are there any suggestions or special hints for women who choose to eat a plant-based food plan whilst pregnant, and who additionally choose to elevate children plant based totally after the breast milk degree if over?When you’re ingesting for 2 it’s simply that much more crucial to get all the nutrition you need, and so it’s essentially all of the equal recommendation you’d supply to all and sundry ingesting a healthy weight loss program, eating a plant-based totally eating regimen.
Critically essential: nutrition B12.So there’s two vitamins that aren’t made by means of flowers.
One’s vitamin D, that is made with the aid of animals along with your self when you walk outside; it’s the sunshine nutrition.And the other one’s vitamin B12.
Not made through vegetation, now not made with the aid of animals both; made by little microbes that blanket the earth.So, you recognize, we may want to get all of the B12 we needed drinking nicely water or out of a mountain or something a long term ago, however now we chlorinate our water supply to kill off any bacteria, so we don’t have a lot of B12 in our water any more.
Don’t get a variety of cholera either. It’s a good thing that we live in a pleasing sanitary world, but because of that we want to get a ordinary dependable supply of B12.Critically critical, especially for pregnant ladies, however for anyone.
During being pregnant iodine’s essential, a mineral regularly missing from prenatal vitamins, so it’s crucial, in case you’re getting a prenatal, to ensure it has iodine. Recommended every day allowance is 150 micrograms an afternoon.
Gianna And For Children Being Raised Vegan, Do You Recommend Any Books Or Any Videos To Watch?
Is That Something That You Would Recommend To Raise Children Whole Food, Plant Based?
Should we raise our children wholesome?I say yes, certainly, and so does the most esteemed pediatrician in human records, Benjamin Spock, inside the 7th version of Child and Baby Care, that's like one of the first-class-promoting books ever, second only to the Bible possibly on this us of a.
Where in his final edition he wrote, within his 90s before he died, recommended all children be raised with zero publicity to meat and dairy, and he did that due to the fact he could see what the grandparents have been demise from and spot this burgeoning adolescence obesity epidemic. So honestly we should increase our kids in the healthiest feasible way.That way no longer having them smoke cigarettes.
That approach having them placed on seat belts, smoke alarms within the home, and an entire meals, plant-based diet—honestly fundamental, simple. And even the ADA, well, what’s now the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, in their professional position paper says strictly plant-primarily based diets are suitable for all tiers of the life-style, consisting of being pregnant and infancy and on via antique age.So in reality, we need to all be elevating healthy youngsters, and actually, Scott Stoll is presently writing a e book on raising vegan kids;
he’s were given six, so he is aware of one or things approximately it. Gianna adequate, wide variety four:please assist explain soy and hormones, and why each men and women need now not fear it.
Soy is a misunderstood bean. All forms of nuttiness out at the internet.If you examine the technology, even though, it’s in reality simply kind of a first rate clinical consensus in phrases of people.
I imply, the laboratory animal stories, it depends in case you’re a hamster or a rat, or different lines of mice have different consequences. When we subsequently had human facts, so for example breast cancer, you may see worries on the internet about, look, soy has phytoestrogens.
When You Think Of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer, Should Women With Breast Cancer Be Eating Soy?
And so we didn’t know until 2004, the primary study that truly placed it to the check and in fact observed breast most cancers survivors, some that ate soy and some that didn’t, just to look who lived longer, who had much less breast cancer recurrence. And within that study and within all of five studies done thus far, each unmarried one discovered that girls with breast most cancers, whether or not estrogen receptor fine or bad, whether they were on Tamoxifen or no longer—all continuously more survival;positioned all of them collectively, extra survival, decrease cancer recurrence charge.
And so we’ve regarded that consuming soy, especially at some stage in formative years, can lessen the danger of having breast cancer inside the first vicinity, however now we are aware of it’s related to stepped forward survival as properly. So wait a second.How is that viable while it has estrogenic consequences?
Well, no, see you don’t apprehend. There’s absolutely two varieties of estrogen receptor cells—it’s an extended story:alpha, beta—so essentially your very own estrogen, your endogenous estrogen produced with the aid of your ovaries attaches preferentially to alpha receptors.
Soy attaches to a special type of estrogen receptors. So it matters, the consequences of soy on the frame topics at the ratio of these exceptional receptors and one of a kind organs of the body.And so it genuinely has pro-estrogen results wherein you need it, like within the bones, skeleton.
It genuinely reduces bone loss compared to dairy milk, as an example, in stories of soy milk. But it has android estrogenic consequences wherein you need it, as an instance inside the breast, lowering breast most cancers chance and enhancing breast cancer survival.So it’s what’s called a selective estrogen receptor modulator, a fancy time period for basically the great of all worlds.
So it reduces warm flashes, anti-estrogen impact, strengthens the bones, pro-estrogenic impact, reduces breast cancer chance. And so you don’t ought to eat it;all the legumes are wholesome, and that i encourage people to eat whole soy assets like edamame, immature inexperienced soybeans;
you may get frozen baggage of it, sprinkle it on your salad, a terrific choice. Tempeh, miso, those are all entire soy ingredients, in addition to a number of the extra processed stuff.And so you appearance within the medical literature, it’s clear.
We’ve got heaps of movies about it. So yeah, you just don’t accept as true with the craziness you study at the internet.Gianna And only for the men available which are worried that they may develop breasts or some thing like that from soy.
Can We Help Debunk That For Men, So They Don’t Fear It As Well?
Sure.So there’s three case reviews in literature of gynecomastia with excessive soy intake.
But by using excessive soy—they were literally consuming gallons of soy milk an afternoon, so I forget about… I think a few humans, like 40 servings of soy a day, and at that degree you may absolutely get sufficient alpha receptor hobby to truely have pro-estrogenic results. So the reply is not to keep away from soy, however not drink four gallons of soy milk a day.
Gianna So Men Aren’t Going To Grow Breasts If They’re Eating Soy Here And There?
No, and in fact it would be wholesome. So soy consumption in men is related to lower prostate cancer threat, which is the primary cancer killer unique to men.Gianna adequate, query wide variety five:
Can A Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Help Heal Autoimmune Diseases Like Thyroid Issues And Colitis?
So ingesting an anti inflammatory eating regimen, no surprise, can be one of the exceptional dietary treatments for inflammatory diseases within general, such as auto-immune disorder.So as an example, more than one sclerosis, that's an car-immune ailment in which your body attacks your very own nerves, the unmarried nice recorded intervention—scientific, surgical, some thing, no pills—have ever crushed out a plant-based totally eating regimen:
Roy Swank’s anti-MS food plan, so the best. So it’s no longer simply more secure, inexpensive.No, the only remedy ever published within the peer reviewed scientific scientific literature, a plant-based diet.
Chron’s disease, same aspect. A statistic out of Japan the use of a plant-based totally weight loss program, some of the nice relapse prevention shares ever.Chron’s ailment is an car-immune inflammatory bowel ailment.
Rheumatoid arthritis, one of the maximum effective interventions for rheumatoid arthritis—whether or not we’re speakme approximately goal measures inclusive of grip strength and inflammatory markers within the blood circulation or simply within terms of great of existence for human beings tormented by those diseases. Auto-immune disease, we simply don’t have a whole lot of true data for.We have information, so the Adventist 2 poll located that individuals who eat strictly plant-based totally diets have the highest shares of what’s called euthyroid thyroid, that means ordinary thyroid feature, and so it could save you thyroid issues.
But there’s never been any study that without a doubt put plant-primarily based diets to the test within terms of treating thyroid disfunction, until we’re speaking approximately something like iodine deficiency. There’s other forms of inflammatory illnesses that we don’t have statistics for, however it would make feel if it works for a lot of these other auto-immune illnesses, it works for these different inflammatory illnesses, an anti inflammatory food plan could have this impact.And a part of that anti inflammatory energy is from the fiber.
You say, fiber? Who could think fiber?We assume like bowel health or some thing.
It’s simply form of an inert substance. Not in any respect.We can’t digest fiber, however our top intestine micro organism can.
We have trillions of bacteria in our intestine. And we used to assume that became simply intestine fitness, but now we recognize that our microbiome, our pleasant flowers down within our colon surely will have consequences on our immune gadget, even our psychological health.
And What Do They Eat, What Do Our Good Bugs Eat?
They consume prebiotics, that is fiber and resistant starch determined in abundance within handiest one region: whole plant meals, and some of those compounds have anti inflammatory consequences.They’re smash down products of fiber;
they get absorbed into your system and circulated for the duration of your body. So that’s one of the motives why plant-based diets are so anti inflammatory.Gianna Number six:
What are your thoughts on nutrients and dietary supplements, vegan primarily based, both taken orally or intravenously like vitamin C drips? Well, genuinely nutrition B12 is critically important for every person consuming a healthful food plan, so I’d recommend 2500 micrograms of what’s known as cyanocobalamin, that is the most inexpensive supply.Once per week is all you need.
Costs much less than $5 a year. You’re going to get all the B12 you want, but critically critical from a normal reliable source.If you’re now not getting sufficient sun… Now, if you’re light skinned sufficient and younger sufficient and thin enough and live at a range that’s sunny sufficient, then getting 10, 15 mins of mid-day solar, you’ll get all of the nutrition D you want.
But it doesn’t count number how sunny it is in case you’re caught at a table task all day, no longer getting out of doors, in which case you’d want to supplement your weight loss plan with diet D, the light diet. I recommend 2,000 worldwide devices of nutrition D3 an afternoon.So, I suggest intravenous nutrition C has been used as a most cancers remedy, going again to the Nineteen Seventies with Linus Pauling’s paintings.
It become considering the fact that—thrilling—form of debunked via Mayo Clinic, where they gave people an entire bunch of vitamin C; didn’t see the sort of fantastic consequences that have been in the beginning seen, however they have been using oral nutrition C.We used to suppose, properly, oral diet C is similar to intravenous nutrition C, but no, our body in reality clamps down on diet C absorption.
At very small doses it doesn’t matter either way, you’ll absorb all of it. But as soon as your body gets over about 200, 250 milligrams of vitamin C—which is about five servings of culmination and vegetables worth—your frame starts clamping “that’s a touch an excessive amount of.” Your frame starts clamping down on absorption, so they in reality weren’t exposed to the equal quantity.And so i have a whole shows of motion pictures on intravenous vitamin C for most cancers if you’re interested in that;
I inspire human beings to check it out. Gianna Should we be cooking cru—your preferred—have to we be cooking cruciferous vegetables, like steaming broccoli, or is mixing uncooked kale in a smoothie powerful enough, and is it awful for the thyroid to devour them uncooked? Oh, my God.We need to eat cruciferous veggies in whichever manner receives us to eat the maximum of them.
You like uncooked broccoli? Eat raw broccoli.You like steamed broccoli?
Eat steamed. Whichever manner gets you to eat the maximum.In fact cruciferous greens are considered one of my Daily Dozen.
It’s a loose app on iPhone, Android: “ ’s Daily Dozen.” I communicate approximately all the foods I encourage humans to get and suit into their every day routine.So, you understand, vegetables every day are the healthies vegetables, beans each day, berries every day are the healthiest culmination.
A tablespoon of floor flaxseeds, a quarter teaspoon of floor turmeric. You recognize, the pleasant beverage, the first-class sweeteners, how a lot workout to get—simply to sort of inspire human beings to attempt to suit a number of the healthies of wholesome foods into the eating regimen.And one of those boxes I inspire people to tick off every day, you’re no longer going to match—you’re not going to test off the day until you get some shape of cruciferous greens, which is set a half of cup of cooked cruciferous vegetables, approximately a cup of uncooked.
And so that’s like kale, collards, bok choy, and Brussels sprouts, and collard veggies, these kind of awesome greens. And so basically however you get them to your weight loss plan, the better.During the summertime, green smoothies are a first rate pass-to manner to get greens to your breakfast.
And I type of wreck a few white beans within my oatmeal simply to get my legumes, got to test those off. But, yeah, placed them in a smoothie, positioned them everywhere;so long as you’re getting vegetables, that’s the maximum vital issue.
Now you may overdo, I imply you may overdo raw cruciferous greens which have this so referred to as goitrogenic compounds that are discovered in plenty of healthy ingredients, now not best broccoli, however also flaxseeds and a number of other healthy matters. But the option isn't to avoid those without a doubt wholesome foods;it’s just to get sufficient iodine due to the fact these goitrogenic compounds just intervene with the uptake of iodine, that is the thyroid gland.
So in case you’re clearly marginally not getting enough iodine, then ingesting a variety of broccoli and cruciferous can surely affect your levels. So the reply, you simply make sure you’re getting a supply of iodine;the healthiest one is sea veggies, so you like munch on the ones seaweed snacks, after which much like dark green leafies as a snack.
Ah! I suggest the more approaches you could get them into your weight loss plan, the higher.There changed into this famous case in the New England Journal of Medicine, a girl who—I neglect, it turned into like literally thousands of kilos of raw bok choy, she changed into on some crazy eating regimen, and in reality did run into thyroid issues, so 1000 kilos… ok, however… Gianna It’s like the soy.
…I inspire human beings, proper. And look, we’re speakme approximately meals with medicinal effects.I suggest we have to assume like if you could devour as a lot—I suggest if there’s an infinite quantity of something that you could be exposed to, probable doesn’t have a whole lot “uumph” to it, proper?
But the truth that, look, no, some of these meals can have effective outcomes on our biology, so no marvel that there’s a certain degree which you want to stay through, but happily they’re all effortlessly through any form of common culinary dose. Gianna Number eight:is sprouting nuts, seeds, grains and beans better for digestion?
If so, why? Oh, properly, see, a part of the purpose that human beings soak or sprout nuts is to get rid of the phytates.So there was this notion, based totally on studies on dogs returned within the ‘50s, that phytates had been mineral inhibitors.
And so the manner you can dispose of the phytates, you soak nuts or you sprout nuts to remove the phytates, and then you definately’d maximize your calcium absorption and other important minerals. But we now know now not most effective is that not the case, however phytates are without a doubt healthy for you, genuinely beneficial results of phytates, so we have to absolutely attempt to get as tons phytates within our diet as viable, and the way we do that is with the aid of eating our nuts un-sprouted, consuming our nuts un-soaked.And so, yeah, I encourage human beings to consume raw nuts, seeds, and seed butters.
The motive we’d rather not roast them is due to the formation of AGE’s, Advanced Glycation End products, which can be these glycotoxins related to improved threat of kidney disease and Alzheimer’s and extended growing old and every kind of actually terrible matters. And it’s shaped when high fats, high protein ingredients are uncovered to extremely high warmth, dry warmness.And so almost all AGE publicity is meat—so like barbequed warm dogs, so barbequed, grilling, grilled hen, that kind of factor—extremely high.
So in case you take a look at it, whereas plant ingredients have almost not anything irrespective of what you do—I mean you can grill a bell pepper and also you’re now not going to produce a problem, however there are uncommon plant foods that are excessive within protein outcomes, such as nuts, consisting of soy. So we ought to simply, ideally need to not—like Cajun blackened tofu, no longer a great concept on a everyday basis because of these a while.So that’s why we clearly shouldn’t roast our nuts.
Gianna And Why Do You Recommend Nut Butters As Opposed To Just The Whole Nut?
Oh, simply entire nuts are better because you certainly bite down to little particles—no matter how properly you bite, you usually simplest fracture all the way down to approximately 2 mm, that's one thousand instances large than the particles found in nut butters.And the purpose that’s critical is due to the fact those mobile walls and those little cubes, which contain hundreds of hundreds of intact partitions, truely protect all the vitamins interior from absorption for your small intestine, and that creates a bounty for our intestine flora.
So when we devour just acellular foods, powders like flour merchandise, despite the fact that it’s 100% entire wheat flour—so if we consume 100% entire wheat flour bread or pasta or something, we’re getting all the nutrients; they didn’t cast off the fiber, but all the nutrients are out, exposed to be absorbed.They get absorbed inside the small gut, leaving very little for our intestine plants at the cease.
Whereas if you consume entire intact grains or complete beans, then there's genuinely these little clumps of food that’s leftover for our suitable bacteria, and that improves our gut health and improves our microbiome. Gianna i like it.Since a lot of our soil is depleted of minerals, wherein are we able to get outstanding assets of minerals?
So that’s some scammy hint mineral seller speak. Somebody should have a look at crop nutrient decline over the past 1/2 century, maybe 15%.So human beings trying to promote you mineral supplements will make this, will say, oh, our crops are depleted, simply because they’re looking to sell you something.
We can honestly have a look at the insights; the USDA tracks nutrients within the soil going again for a century:15% decrement.
So that means, good enough, instead of five florets of broccoli, now you need to eat six florets of broccoli rather than a 1/2 century ago. Fine, consume six florets of broccoli.There’s no want to take mineral supplements.
Gianna ok. Number ten: For folks that say every body’s one-of-a-kind, so all of us require distinctive diets.Yeah.
Gianna What is your advice in this, and does an entire food, plant-primarily based food regimen assist us stay longer, more healthy lives, everyone? So, it’s not like—like at a zoo, there’s a gorilla diet and there’s a lemur food regimen.It’s now not like, oh, you’re lemur #12, so you get some crazy eating regimen.
No, there’s a weight loss plan that’s certainly tuned to our biology. We developed for thousands and thousands of years.So we broke from our final extremely good ape ancestors about 20 million years in the past.
So for the primary 90% of our evolution till about 2 million years in the past we ate what our fellow outstanding apes ate, which is basically veggies and fruit. We had been a plant-primarily based weight loss plan, almost completely plant-based totally weight loss plan, and handiest in the final 10% of our evolution did we begin knowing how to make equipment and hunting, and so on.And so our biology is tuned to consuming entire meals, plant primarily based—so no surprise that the equal type of weight loss program that reverses coronary heart disorder, the number one killer of males and females, is the identical weight loss plan that also reverses diabetes, and the equal weight loss program that reverses high blood strain.
And So A Kidney Healthy Diet, Is A Liver Healthy Diet, Is A Brain Healthy Diet, Right?
And all of it makes experience because, appearance, the anti-inflammatory weight-reduction plan is a diet that enables your arteries everywhere throughout your frame.I suggest, look, if that’s all a plant-based totally food plan should do, opposite the number one killer of ladies and men, shouldn’t that be sort of the default weight loss program until demonstrated in any other case?
In fact that it may additionally prevent or reverse other main killers might appear to make the case for plant-based eating in reality overwhelming. Gianna We have one bonus query.Bonus!
What do ya’ were given?Gianna What Is The Most Effective Way To Help People Convert To Being Plant Based?
So I assume sharing resources with them.
So sometimes it’s tough; humans put up their defenses when someone tries—whilst anyone involves us with a few new concept that conflicts with what we trust, there’s just this form of herbal response to type of want to preserve on.That’s why sharing kind of 0.33-celebration sources:
“Here’s a extraordinary documentary, here’s a first-rate internet site, here’s a splendid ebook,” after which they can kind of take it in on themselves, and then sort of the motivation comes from within in place of feeling a person’s trying to tell them to do something. So that’s considered one of my preferred approaches.And percentage high-quality meals!
They have this experience that, oh, yeah, it doesn’t matter how—will I stay that long or simply experience like I lived that long? But no, it’s clearly the exceptional of each worlds.Some of the yummiest, like berries, proper?
Wait a 2d. Tastes top notch and also you get to live longer?That’s what plant-based eating is all approximately Gianna Thanks for tuning within, Love, Giana, and… [silence].
You have to mention, “ .” I didn’t realize my line. Where’s my cue card?