Nutrition During Pregnancy For Healthy Teeth Of The Child

Author: Nia Rouseberg Time for reading: ~3 minutes Last Updated: August 08, 2022

Nutrition During Pregnancy For Healthy Teeth Of The Child

CHAPTERS (Table Of Contents)

Carbohydrates

What nutrients should a pregnant woman get for healthy teeth and musculoskeletal system in the child.

Pregnancy is a physiological condition accompanied by specific changes in the body structure of the pregnant woman, morphological and functional changes in all organs and systems. The following changes are observed:

Metabolism increases and the processes of synthesis in the mother's body predominate;
Oxygen consumption increases;
The metabolism of the pregnant woman is loaded with the products of metabolism in the growing fetus;
Protein metabolism is increased - complete proteins are necessary for the growth of the fetus, placenta, uterus, mammary glands;
Carbohydrate metabolism is increased - glucose consumption increases;
The growing fruit needs nutrients and biologically active substances.

Pregnancy is characterized by significant weight gain, most intensely in the 3rd trimester. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), during a normal pregnancy, weight gain should average 12.5 kg.

During the 1st trimester, energy needs increase slightly, by about 70-100 kcal/day compared to those before pregnancy. In the 2nd trimester, energy intake increases by about 250 kcal/day, and in the 3rd trimester - up to 500 kcal/day.

It should be borne in mind that women of childbearing age with moderate physical activity have optimal energy needs in the range of 2250-2313 kcal/day. To these are added the necessary calories according to the trimester of pregnancy. Insufficient energy intake during the second half of pregnancy may slow down the growth of the fetus.

Proteins

Mandatory daily intake of milk and low-fat dairy products (cheese, cottage cheese, yellow cheese), bringing into the body of the pregnant woman easily digestible and complete proteins, calcium and phosphorus salts, necessary for the formation of the musculoskeletal and dental apparatus of the fetus.

The daily menu should include high-density foods such as chicken, fish, eggs, liver, vegetables, whole grain bread. In order to avoid the arousing effect of the extracts contained in meat and fish, their culinary processing is recommended - cooking, roasting. It is necessary to properly combine proteins of animal and vegetable origin. Protein during pregnancy of 0.8 g / kg body weight / day should increase to 1.1 g / kg body weight / day. Excess protein, especially in the second half of pregnancy, has been found to burden the pregnant woman's liver and kidneys.

Fat

Fats are needed to replenish the mother's fat depots, to obtain essential biologically active substances for the fetus. Fat requirements increase in proportion to the duration of pregnancy. The daily supplements are 5 g in the 1st trimester and 8 g in the 2nd and 3rd trimester. Excess fat intake is harmful to the pregnant woman's body.

Carbohydrates

They are needed for the construction of fetal tissues and for the metabolism of pregnancy. The specificity of carbohydrate metabolism requires that preference be given to easily degradable substances in the body such as lactose from milk, fructose from fruits and honey, complex carbohydrates from bread. Confectionery and soft drinks should be in limited quantities. The required daily supplement of carbohydrates in the 1st trimester is 10 grams, and in the 2nd and 3rd - 34 grams.

Vitamins

They are needed in larger quantities. What matters is not only the quantity but also the ratio between them. For the whole period of pregnancy it should be taken with 15 mg/day more vitamin C from its natural sources such as vegetables, fruits, rose hips, which improves the absorption of iron. The needs for vitamin B6 increases in parallel with those of proteins.

Folic acid plays an important role in the biosynthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, purines, pyramids. Participates in the synthesis and metabolism of amino acids, vitamin B12, PP, has a lipotropic and hepatotropic effect. It is an active antianemic factor required for hemoglobin synthesis and erythrocyte regeneration in the bone marrow.

Folic acid deficiency during pregnancy creates a risk of placental abruption and miscarriage, delayed fetal development, premature birth, the birth of a child underweight.

Folic acid is essential for the formation of the neural tube of the fetus during the first month of pregnancy. The deficiency of this acid during pregnancy is a risk factor for incomplete closure of the bone canal, the appearance of spina bifida.

In this regard, it is recommended to take 400 µg / day of folic acid as a supplement 3 months before pregnancy. During the whole period of pregnancy, it is necessary to take 600 µg / day of folacin with the food, at the norm for women 400 µg / day.

The needs for vitamin E and vitamin D are also increased and should be obtained mainly from natural food sources.

Hypervitaminosis A during pregnancy has an embryotoxic and teratogenic effect. Pregnant women should not take supplements containing vitamin A!

Nutrition During Pregnancy For Healthy Teeth Of The Child

CHAPTERS (Table Of Contents)

Proteins

Fat

Carbohydrates

Vitamins

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