Author: Dean Rouseberg
Time for reading: ~27
minutes
Last Updated:
August 08, 2022
Learn more information about pritikin diet plan. In this article we'll discuss pritikin diet plan.
Happy to be here.
i am a medical doctor, specializing in lifestyle remedy the use of weight loss plan and exercising now not simplest save you disorder, but to treat and opposite it as properly.
And it all sincerely is going returned to my grandma. You recognize, I suppose the spark for plenty kids to want to be a doctor once they develop up is watching a grandparent get sick or maybe die, however for me became watching my grandma get better.She changed into identified with give up level heart disorder.
Already had such a lot of bypass surgical procedures, not anything extra the docs could do. She was sent home in a wheel chair to die.Crushing chest ache.
But then she heard approximately this guy, Nathan Pritikin, one among our early life-style medicine pioneers, and what passed off subsequent is absolutely specific within Pritikin’s biography, to speak about Frances , my grandma.They wheeled her within, and he or she walked out some weeks later.
She become on foot 10 miles a day, and although she changed into given her scientific death sentence at age 65, way to a healthy weight-reduction plan was capable of enjoy some other 31 years in the world to age 96, to retain to enjoy her six grandkids together with me. So that’s why I went into medicine.That’s why I exercise the sort of remedy I do, way of life medication.
I just need to do in your own family what Pritikin did for my own family.
Gianna That’s exquisite. First query:how a lot fat and protein will we want each day?
What are the satisfactory resources? And how a whole lot ought to athletes be ingesting?Well, you know, we don’t consume macro vitamins;
we don’t consume micro vitamins.You need Paleo junk meals, we’ll give you vegan junk meals, we’ll give you fat free junk food, we’ll provide you with… I mean any sort of junk meals you need as it’s all approximately macro vitamins or it’s all about some thing specific component, right?
On Fruit Loops, they can say, “with fiber, diet D” with all this stuff, and that gives us this form of fitness halo, while within truth it must all be about food. And the cause human beings don’t talk about meals is there’s no cash to be made within food.In fact, provide goes awful;
Can’t sit on the shelf like a Twinkie for a couple weeks.
And appearance, even a broccoli grower is not going to place an advert on tv for broccoli due to the fact, you know, they’ll just buy a competitor’s broccoli. There’s simply no money to be made.You’re never going to peer an advert on tv for candy potatoes due to the fact there’s just no cash to be made.
That’s now not in which the income is. The gadget is set up to reward just the unhealthiest however maximum worthwhile conduct.And so, I imply, so that’s simply form of falling into the food enterprise’s trap to talk of sort of this reductionist view of vitamins in place of meals.
Like what’s the quality food, right? So like are carbs correct or awful for you?Well, carbs are jelly beans or kidney beans, lentils or lollipops.
They’re both carbs, right? I imply so fats, fats’s walnuts or lard, proper?So that’s why you can’t communicate approximately it.
That’s why the industry needs you to speak like that, but it actually has to return down to is what are the healthiest foods? So like, appearance, the dairy enterprise can say “the calcium in dairy.” Yeah, you realize what else is within dairy?It’s the number one supply of saturated fats on this U.S.
People suppose like steak or some thing. No, the number one supply of saturated fats is dairy, yes, the number one source of calcium, but yes, there’s protein in beef, yes, there’s iron within beef, right?
But What About The Baggage That Comes Along With All Those Nutrients?
I mean as plenty as Burger King says you may “have it your way,” you may’t be like, “Yeah, can i am getting the protein however hold the saturated fats, maintain the hormones, maintain the ldl cholesterol.” I know, it’s a bundle— meals is a package deal deal. So the component about that, so if you get your calcium from, you already know, darkish green leafy vegetables as a substitute, then it’s like, properly, the luggage is genuinely an advantage.You get the fiber and the folate and the iron and the antioxidants—all these things missing from form of the dairy supply.
So that’s how we assume in terms of meals. So in case you inquire from me what are the excellent meals that take place to have fat in them, nicely, it'd be nuts, seeds, avocados, because then it’s just—you simply get the bonus rather than the bags.In phrases of protein assets, every body who doesn’t recognise how to get protein on a plant-based totally diet doesn’t recognize beans, proper?
Beans, break up peas, chickpeas, lentils, legumes—the protein superstars of the plant country. And then also a number of the entire grains, nuts and seeds and all kinds of matters.So whole plant ingredients are the healthiest manner to get nearly all of your nutrients, and that’s truly, I suppose, how we ought to consider the ones macro nutrients.
Gianna Question quantity two:What Are Your Thoughts On Alkaline And Distilled Water, And Which Is Best For Athletes?
Most of the kind of alkaline water nonsense is simply bogus, scam form of stuff.
i've a video on NutritionFacts.org that goes into the science around that. Distilled water simply type of appears a waste of electricity to me.I mean it’s the identical issue with like, you know, kind of reverse osmosis distillation;
it’s simply a completely sort of wasteful method. But you can do away with some little hint minerals, however that’s now not genuinely the problem.I suggest tap water is usually the cheapest, most secure source of ingesting water.
Gianna What about fluoride in it? Fluoride is the cause why we don’t grow antique and lose all our teeth.Gianna Should we be eating fluoride even though?
It’s now not important, but from a public fitness point of view—rich human beings can go to the dentist and come up with the money for all forms of gizmos, ultrasonic gizmos for his or her teeth—however from a public health scale, I mean that’s the way you attain impoverished populations which may not have the dental care which you have, and so if you have a dental trouble, no big deal, visit the dentist, right? But if they have a dental hassle, they may lose their teeth, which means that losing plenty of their vitamins or being within persistent pain.And truely from a public health perspective fluoridated water is—in fact, in line with the Center for Disease Control, one of the best public health innovations over the last century.
Gianna Question wide variety three: are there any tips or special pointers for women who pick to eat a plant-based diet whilst pregnant, and who additionally pick out to raise youngsters plant based totally after the breast milk level if over?When you’re consuming for two it’s just that much more crucial to get all the nutrition you want, and so it’s basically all the same recommendation you’d provide to everyone eating a wholesome diet, ingesting a plant-based totally food regimen.
Critically vital: vitamin B12.So there’s two vitamins that aren’t made by plant life.
One’s diet D, that is made by way of animals including yourself while you stroll outside; it’s the light vitamin.And the other one’s nutrition B12.
Not made by plants, not made by way of animals either; made through little microbes that blanket the earth.So, , we ought to get all the B12 we wanted ingesting nicely water or out of a mountain or something a long time in the past, but now we chlorinate our water deliver to kill off any bacteria, so we don’t have a variety of B12 within our water any more.
Don’t get a number of cholera either. It’s a terrific aspect that we stay within a pleasing sanitary international, but because of that we need to get a everyday dependable supply of B12.Critically vital, mainly for pregnant ladies, however for each person.
During pregnancy iodine’s critical, a mineral regularly missing from prenatal nutrients, so it’s essential, in case you’re getting a prenatal, to make certain it has iodine. Recommended each day allowance is 150 micrograms an afternoon.
Gianna And For Children Being Raised Vegan, Do You Recommend Any Books Or Any Videos To Watch?
Is That Something That You Would Recommend To Raise Children Whole Food, Plant Based?
Should we increase our children wholesome?I say sure, certainly, and so does the most esteemed pediatrician within human history, Benjamin Spock, in the 7th version of Child and Baby Care, that is like one of the fine-promoting books ever, 2nd most effective to the Bible perhaps on this country.
Where within his remaining edition he wrote, in his 90s before he died, endorsed all children be raised with zero exposure to meat and dairy, and he did that because he should see what the grandparents had been dying from and spot this burgeoning youth obesity epidemic. So truely we should enhance our youngsters within the healthiest viable way.That means now not having them smoke cigarettes.
That means having them placed on seat belts, smoke alarms inside the home, and a whole food, plant-primarily based food regimen—truly basic, simple. And even the ADA, properly, what’s now the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, of their respectable function paper says strictly plant-based totally diets are appropriate for all tiers of the way of life, consisting of pregnancy and infancy and on through vintage age.So truely, we must all be elevating wholesome kids, and in fact, Scott Stoll is presently writing a e book on raising vegan children;
he’s were given six, so he knows one or matters approximately it. Gianna adequate, wide variety four:please help explain soy and hormones, and why each males and females need no longer worry it.
Soy is a misunderstood bean. All forms of nuttiness out at the internet.If you examine the technological know-how, though, it’s definitely simply form of a extraordinary medical consensus within phrases of humans.
I suggest, the laboratory animal stories, it depends in case you’re a hamster or a rat, or distinct lines of mice have different outcomes. When we subsequently had human data, so for example breast most cancers, you may see worries at the internet about, appearance, soy has phytoestrogens.
When You Think Of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer, Should Women With Breast Cancer Be Eating Soy?
And so we didn’t recognize until 2004, the primary statistic that certainly put it to the check and actually followed breast most cancers survivors, a few that ate soy and a few that didn’t, just to look who lived longer, who had much less breast most cancers recurrence. And within that research and within all of five studies accomplished so far, every single one found that women with breast cancer, whether or not estrogen receptor tremendous or bad, whether they had been on Tamoxifen or now not—all continually more survival;put all of them collectively, greater survival, decrease cancer recurrence price.
And so we’ve recognised that ingesting soy, in particular at some point of adolescence, can lessen the threat of having breast cancer in the first region, however now we realize it’s related to improved survival as properly. So wait a 2nd.How is that possible when it has estrogenic outcomes?
Well, no, see you don’t understand. There’s surely two varieties of estrogen receptor cells—it’s a protracted story:alpha, beta—so basically your very own estrogen, your endogenous estrogen produced via your ovaries attaches preferentially to alpha receptors.
Soy attaches to a special kind of estrogen receptors. So it subjects, the effects of soy at the frame subjects on the ratio of those different receptors and extraordinary organs of the frame.And so it certainly has pro-estrogen results in which you need it, like within the bones, skeleton.
It truely reduces bone loss in comparison to dairy milk, as an example, within studies of soy milk. But it has android estrogenic results in which you want it, for instance within the breast, decreasing breast cancer chance and enhancing breast most cancers survival.So it’s what’s known as a selective estrogen receptor modulator, a flowery term for essentially the quality of all worlds.
So it reduces hot flashes, anti-estrogen impact, strengthens the bones, seasoned-estrogenic impact, reduces breast most cancers chance. And so that you don’t ought to devour it;all of the legumes are wholesome, and that i inspire human beings to devour entire soy sources like edamame, immature inexperienced soybeans;
you could get frozen luggage of it, sprinkle it in your salad, a notable desire. Tempeh, miso, those are all whole soy foods, in addition to some of the extra processed stuff.And so you appearance within the medical literature, it’s clean.
We’ve got lots of movies approximately it. So yeah, you just don’t consider the craziness you study on the internet.Gianna And only for the adult males available which might be concerned that they may develop breasts or something like that from soy.
Can We Help Debunk That For Men, So They Don’t Fear It As Well?
Sure.So there’s three case reports within literature of gynecomastia with immoderate soy consumption.
But by immoderate soy—they were literally drinking gallons of soy milk an afternoon, so I forget about… I suppose some human beings, like 40 servings of soy an afternoon, and at that degree you may sincerely get sufficient alpha receptor pastime to clearly have seasoned-estrogenic outcomes. So the option isn't to keep away from soy, but no longer drink four gallons of soy milk an afternoon.
Gianna So Men Aren’t Going To Grow Breasts If They’re Eating Soy Here And There?
No, and in fact it might be healthful. So soy consumption within guys is associated with decrease prostate cancer chance, that's the number one most cancers killer unique to guys.Gianna ok, question range five:
Can A Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Help Heal Autoimmune Diseases Like Thyroid Issues And Colitis?
So consuming an anti inflammatory weight loss plan, no surprise, can be one of the first-class dietary remedies for inflammatory illnesses within wellknown, consisting of automobile-immune disorder.So for example, a couple of sclerosis, that's an car-immune disorder in which your frame attacks your very own nerves, the unmarried high-quality recorded intervention—scientific, surgical, some thing, no tablets—have ever crushed out a plant-primarily based weight loss program:
Roy Swank’s anti-MS weight loss program, so the most effective. So it’s not just more secure, cheaper.No, the best remedy ever published within the peer reviewed medical scientific literature, a plant-based totally food plan.
Chron’s disorder, identical element. A statistic out of Japan the usage of a plant-based totally food regimen, some of the pleasant relapse prevention shares ever.Chron’s ailment is an vehicle-immune inflammatory bowel disorder.
Rheumatoid arthritis, one of the maximum powerful interventions for rheumatoid arthritis—whether or not we’re speakme about goal measures which include grip power and inflammatory markers within the blood move or just within terms of best of life for people affected by those diseases. Auto-immune sickness, we just don’t have a number of proper stats for.We have statistics, so the Adventist 2 research discovered that people who consume strictly plant-primarily based diets have the very best shares of what’s called euthyroid thyroid, that means everyday thyroid characteristic, and so it could prevent thyroid troubles.
But there’s by no means been any research that simply placed plant-based totally diets to the check within terms of treating thyroid disfunction, except we’re speakme approximately some thing like iodine deficiency. There’s different varieties of inflammatory diseases that we don’t have facts for, but it'd make sense if it works for a lot of these different automobile-immune sicknesses, it works for these other inflammatory illnesses, an anti-inflammatory diet might have this effect.And part of that anti inflammatory energy is from the fiber.
You say, fiber? Who would think fiber?We assume like bowel health or some thing.
It’s just form of an inert substance. Not at all.We can’t digest fiber, however our correct intestine micro organism can.
We have trillions of micro organism in our gut. And we used to think that turned into just gut health, however now we know that our microbiome, our pleasant plant life down in our colon honestly will have results on our immune device, even our psychological health.
And What Do They Eat, What Do Our Good Bugs Eat?
They eat prebiotics, which is fiber and resistant starch determined within abundance within handiest one region: complete plant foods, and a number of these compounds have anti-inflammatory effects.They’re spoil down merchandise of fiber;
they get absorbed into your machine and circulated at some stage in your body. So that’s one of the reasons why plant-based totally diets are so anti inflammatory.Gianna Number six:
What are your thoughts on vitamins and supplements, vegan primarily based, both taken orally or intravenously like nutrition C drips? Well, really nutrition B12 is seriously important for everybody consuming a wholesome weight-reduction plan, so I’d advocate 2500 micrograms of what’s referred to as cyanocobalamin, that is the most inexpensive source.Once per week is all you want.
Costs much less than $5 a yr. You’re going to get all the B12 you want, however critically vital from a ordinary reliable source.If you’re not getting enough sun… Now, in case you’re light skinned enough and young sufficient and thin sufficient and live at a range that’s sunny enough, then getting 10, 15 minutes of mid-day solar, you’ll get all of the vitamin D you need.
But it doesn’t be counted how sunny it is if you’re caught at a table activity all day, now not getting outside, in which case you’d need to complement your food plan with vitamin D, the light nutrition. I suggest 2,000 worldwide units of diet D3 an afternoon.So, I imply intravenous diet C has been used as a most cancers treatment, going back to the 1970s with Linus Pauling’s paintings.
It was on account that—thrilling—type of debunked through Mayo Clinic, wherein they gave human beings an entire bunch of vitamin C; didn’t see the kind of marvelous results that had been at the start seen, but they were the usage of oral nutrition C.We used to think, well, oral diet C is the same as intravenous nutrition C, but no, our frame surely clamps down on vitamin C absorption.
At very small doses it doesn’t count number either manner, you’ll take in it all. But once your body receives over approximately 200, 250 milligrams of diet C—which is about five servings of end result and veggies really worth—your frame starts clamping “that’s a touch an excessive amount of.” Your body starts offevolved clamping down on absorption, so they clearly weren’t uncovered to the same amount.And so i've an entire series of videos on intravenous diet C for most cancers if you’re inquisitive about that;
I encourage people to test it out. Gianna Should we be cooking cru—your favored—have to we be cooking cruciferous veggies, like steaming broccoli, or is mixing uncooked kale within a smoothie effective sufficient, and is it horrific for the thyroid to consume them uncooked? Oh, my God.We need to consume cruciferous greens in whichever way gets us to devour the maximum of them.
You like raw broccoli? Eat uncooked broccoli.You like steamed broccoli?
Eat steamed. Whichever manner gets you to eat the maximum.In fact cruciferous veggies are one among my Daily Dozen.
It’s a unfastened app on iPhone, Android: “ ’s Daily Dozen.” I talk about all the meals I inspire people to get and suit into their day by day recurring.So, you realize, veggies each day are the healthies greens, beans every day, berries each day are the healthiest end result.
A tablespoon of ground flaxseeds, 1 / 4 teaspoon of ground turmeric. You understand, the first-class beverage, the high-quality sweeteners, how tons workout to get—just to sort of inspire humans to try to suit some of the healthies of healthy foods into the weight-reduction plan.And one of these bins I inspire human beings to tick off each day, you’re now not going to fit—you’re now not going to check off the day except you get a few form of cruciferous veggies, which is about a half of cup of cooked cruciferous vegetables, approximately a cup of uncooked.
And in order that’s like kale, collards, bok choy, and Brussels sprouts, and collard vegetables, these kinds of terrific vegetables. And so basically however you get them in your food plan, the better.During the summertime, inexperienced smoothies are a great cross-to manner to get vegetables to your breakfast.
And I type of destroy some white beans in my oatmeal just to get my legumes, got to test those off. But, yeah, put them in a smoothie, put them anywhere;as long as you’re getting greens, that’s the maximum critical issue.
Now you may overdo, I imply you can overdo raw cruciferous veggies which have this so called goitrogenic compounds which might be determined within plenty of healthy foods, not only broccoli, but additionally flaxseeds and a number of other healthy matters. But the reply is not to avoid those without a doubt wholesome meals;it’s just to get enough iodine due to the fact those goitrogenic compounds simply intervene with the uptake of iodine, which is the thyroid gland.
So if you’re sincerely marginally not getting sufficient iodine, then ingesting a number of broccoli and cruciferous can honestly affect your degrees. So the option, you simply ensure you’re getting a source of iodine;the healthiest one is sea vegetables, so that you like munch on the ones seaweed snacks, and then similar to dark inexperienced leafies as a snack.
Ah! I suggest the more approaches you can get them into your food plan, the higher.There turned into this famous case within the New England Journal of Medicine, a lady who—I neglect, it changed into like actually thousands of kilos of raw bok choy, she was on some crazy weight-reduction plan, and in reality did run into thyroid problems, so 1000 kilos… good enough, however… Gianna It’s just like the soy.
…I inspire humans, right. And appearance, we’re speakme approximately meals with medicinal effects.I mean we must expect like if you could eat as a lot—I suggest if there’s a limiteless amount of something that you may be uncovered to, in all likelihood doesn’t have a whole lot “uumph” to it, right?
But the reality that, look, no, a number of these ingredients will have effective outcomes on our biology, so no wonder that there’s a sure stage which you want to stay through, but fortunately they’re all without difficulty within any sort of typical culinary dose. Gianna Number eight:is sprouting nuts, seeds, grains and beans better for digestion?
If so, why? Oh, nicely, see, part of the cause that people soak or sprout nuts is to put off the phytates.So there has been this idea, based on reports on dogs returned within the ‘50s, that phytates have been mineral inhibitors.
And so the manner you can take away the phytates, you soak nuts or you sprout nuts to take away the phytates, and then you’d maximize your calcium absorption and different essential minerals. But we now realize not simplest is that not the case, but phytates are truely wholesome for you, in reality beneficial consequences of phytates, so we need to clearly try to get as a great deal phytates within our weight loss program as possible, and the manner we do this is by using eating our nuts un-sprouted, consuming our nuts un-soaked.And so, yeah, I encourage people to eat uncooked nuts, seeds, and seed butters.
The motive we’d rather no longer roast them is due to the formation of AGE’s, Advanced Glycation End products, that are these glycotoxins associated with increased risk of kidney disorder and Alzheimer’s and extended ageing and every type of really terrible things. And it’s shaped whilst excessive fats, high protein ingredients are exposed to extraordinarily high warmness, dry warmth.And so almost all AGE publicity is meat—so like barbequed hot dogs, so barbequed, grilling, grilled fowl, that sort of element—extremely high.
So if you take a look at it, while plant foods have nearly not anything no matter what you do—I mean you may grill a bell pepper and also you’re no longer going to offer a trouble, but there are uncommon plant foods which might be excessive within protein outcomes, together with nuts, inclusive of soy. So we have to without a doubt, ideally must no longer—like Cajun blackened tofu, now not a very good concept on a everyday basis because of those a while.So that’s why we really shouldn’t roast our nuts.
Gianna And Why Do You Recommend Nut Butters As Opposed To Just The Whole Nut?
Oh, honestly complete nuts are better because you surely chew all the way down to little particles—no matter how nicely you bite, you typically best fracture right down to about 2 mm, that is one thousand instances larger than the particles observed in nut butters.And the reason that’s critical is because the ones mobile walls and people little cubes, which comprise loads of thousands of intact walls, truly protect all of the vitamins internal from absorption for your small intestine, and that creates a bounty for our gut vegetation.
So when we consume just acellular foods, powders like flour products, despite the fact that it’s 100% whole wheat flour—so if we consume 100% entire wheat flour bread or pasta or something, we’re getting all the nutrients; they didn’t remove the fiber, however all of the nutrients are out, uncovered to be absorbed.They get absorbed inside the small intestine, leaving little or no for our intestine plants at the cease.
Whereas in case you consume whole intact grains or whole beans, then there's absolutely those little clumps of meals that’s leftover for our accurate micro organism, and that improves our gut health and improves our microbiome. Gianna i love it.Since a lot of our soil is depleted of minerals, where can we get awesome assets of minerals?
So that’s a few scammy trace mineral dealer talk. Somebody should have a look at crop nutrient decline over the last half of century, perhaps 15%.So human beings looking to promote you mineral supplements will make this, will say, oh, our crops are depleted, just due to the fact they’re looking to promote you some thing.
We can definitely take a look at the facts; the USDA tracks vitamins in the soil going again for a century:15% decrement.
So that means, ok, in preference to five florets of broccoli, now you need to consume six florets of broccoli instead of a half of century in the past. Fine, devour six florets of broccoli.There’s no want to take mineral dietary supplements.
Gianna adequate. Number ten: For people who say every person’s specific, so we all require different diets.Yeah.
Gianna What is your recommendation in this, and does an entire food, plant-based totally eating regimen assist us stay longer, more healthy lives, absolutely everyone? So, it’s now not like—like at a zoo, there’s a gorilla weight-reduction plan and there’s a lemur weight loss program.It’s now not like, oh, you’re lemur #12, so you get some crazy diet.
No, there’s a weight loss plan that’s naturally tuned to our biology. We developed for hundreds of thousands of years.So we broke from our final brilliant ape ancestors approximately 20 million years in the past.
So for the primary 90% of our evolution till approximately 2 million years in the past we ate what our fellow tremendous apes ate, which is basically veggies and fruit. We were a plant-based totally eating regimen, almost exclusively plant-primarily based food regimen, and handiest inside the ultimate 10% of our evolution did we begin understanding how to make gear and searching, and so forth.And so our biology is tuned to eating entire food, plant based totally—so no surprise that the same type of food plan that reverses heart disorder, the primary killer of ladies and men, is the identical weight loss program that also reverses diabetes, and the same food plan that reverses excessive blood stress.
And So A Kidney Healthy Diet, Is A Liver Healthy Diet, Is A Brain Healthy Diet, Right?
And all of it makes feel because, look, the anti-inflammatory food regimen is a food plan that facilitates your arteries anywhere at some stage in your frame.I suggest, look, if that’s all a plant-primarily based weight loss plan could do, opposite the primary killer of males and females, shouldn’t that be form of the default eating regimen till tested in any other case?
In reality that it is able to additionally save you or opposite other leading killers would appear to make the case for plant-primarily based consuming really overwhelming. Gianna We have one bonus question.Bonus!
What do ya’ got?Gianna What Is The Most Effective Way To Help People Convert To Being Plant Based?
So I think sharing assets with them.
So sometimes it’s tough; people put up their defenses whilst a person tries—while all of us comes to us with some new concept that conflicts with what we agree with, there’s just this form of natural reaction to kind of need to keep on.That’s why sharing kind of 1/3-party sources:
“Here’s a first-rate documentary, right here’s a exquisite website, right here’s a notable e book,” and then they can type of take it in on themselves, and then type of the inducement comes from within rather than feeling a person’s trying to tell them to do something. So that’s one in all my preferred methods.And proportion fantastic food!
They have this sense that, oh, yeah, it doesn’t remember how—will I live that long or just sense like I lived that lengthy? But no, it’s virtually the satisfactory of each worlds.Some of the yummiest, like berries, right?
Wait a 2d. Tastes amazing and you get to live longer?That’s what plant-primarily based eating is all about Gianna Thanks for tuning in, Love, Giana, and… [silence].
You have to mention, “ .” I didn’t understand my line. Where’s my cue card?