Author: Victoria Aly
Time for reading: ~27
minutes
Last Updated:
August 08, 2022
Learn more information about vegan friendly. In this article we'll discuss vegan friendly.
Happy to be here.
i am a physician, specializing in way of life medication using weight loss plan and workout now not most effective prevent ailment, however to deal with and reverse it as properly.
And all of it really is going back to my grandma. You understand, I think the spark for many kids to want to be a physician after they develop up is looking a grandparent get ill or even die, but for me turned into watching my grandma get higher.She was identified with stop stage coronary heart disorder.
Already had such a lot of pass surgical procedures, nothing greater the docs should do. She become sent home within a wheel chair to die.Crushing chest ache.
But then she heard approximately this man, Nathan Pritikin, one among our early lifestyle medicinal drug pioneers, and what came about next is clearly specified within Pritikin’s biography, to speak about Frances , my grandma.They wheeled her in, and he or she walked out a few weeks later.
She changed into strolling 10 miles a day, and although she turned into given her clinical dying sentence at age 65, way to a wholesome weight-reduction plan was able to experience every other 31 years on earth to age 96, to hold to revel in her six grandkids along with me. So that’s why I went into remedy.That’s why I exercise the form of medication I do, way of life medication.
I simply want to do to your circle of relatives what Pritikin did for my circle of relatives.
Gianna That’s remarkable. First query:how a great deal fats and protein do we need each day?
What are the excellent sources? And how plenty have to athletes be ingesting?Well, , we don’t devour macro vitamins;
we don’t consume micro nutrients.You want Paleo junk meals, we’ll provide you with vegan junk food, we’ll come up with fat free junk meals, we’ll provide you with… I imply any type of junk food you need because it’s all approximately macro vitamins or it’s all approximately some thing particular issue, right?
On Fruit Loops, they could say, “with fiber, diet D” with all this stuff, and that offers us this type of health halo, while within fact it should all be about meals. And the cause humans don’t speak about food is there’s no money to be made in food.In truth, offer goes horrific;
Can’t sit down at the shelf like a Twinkie for a couple weeks.
And look, even a broccoli grower is not going to place an ad on television for broccoli because, you know, they’ll just purchase a competitor’s broccoli. There’s simply no money to be made.You’re in no way going to see an advert on tv for sweet potatoes because there’s simply no money to be made.
That’s no longer wherein the profit is. The system is installation to praise simply the unhealthiest but most profitable behavior.And so, I suggest, so that’s just sort of falling into the food enterprise’s trap to speak of sort of this reductionist view of nutrients as opposed to meals.
Like What’s The Best Food, Right?
Well, carbs are jelly beans or kidney beans, lentils or lollipops.
They’re each carbs, proper? I suggest so fat, fats’s walnuts or lard, proper?So that’s why you may’t talk about it.
That’s why the industry needs you to speak like that, however it really has to come down to is what are the healthiest foods? So like, appearance, the dairy enterprise can say “the calcium in dairy.” Yeah, you know what else is within dairy?It’s the number one supply of saturated fat in this United States.
People assume like steak or some thing. No, the number one supply of saturated fats is dairy, sure, the number one supply of calcium, however yes, there’s protein in beef, yes, there’s iron in pork, proper?
But What About The Baggage That Comes Along With All Those Nutrients?
I suggest as much as Burger King says you may “have it your way,” you can’t be like, “Yeah, can i get the protein however preserve the saturated fat, keep the hormones, preserve the ldl cholesterol.” I know, it’s a package deal— meals is a package deal. So the factor about that, so in case you get your calcium from, you know, dark green leafy vegetables alternatively, then it’s like, properly, the baggage is simply a bonus.You get the fiber and the folate and the iron and the antioxidants—all these things missing from type of the dairy supply.
So that’s how we suppose in terms of food. So in case you ask me what are the best meals that happen to have fat within them, well, it might be nuts, seeds, avocados, due to the fact then it’s simply—you simply get the bonus instead of the baggage.In phrases of protein assets, anybody who doesn’t recognize the way to get protein on a plant-based weight loss program doesn’t realize beans, proper?
Beans, cut up peas, chickpeas, lentils, legumes—the protein superstars of the plant nation. And then additionally a number of the entire grains, nuts and seeds and all forms of things.So entire plant foods are the healthiest way to get nearly all your vitamins, and that’s honestly, I suppose, how we need to reflect onconsideration on the ones macro vitamins.
Gianna Question wide variety two:What Are Your Thoughts On Alkaline And Distilled Water, And Which Is Best For Athletes?
Most of the sort of alkaline water nonsense is just bogus, rip-off type of stuff.
i've a video on NutritionFacts.org that goes into the technology around that. Distilled water just form of appears a waste of strength to me.I suggest it’s the same issue with like, , sort of reverse osmosis distillation;
it’s simply a totally kind of wasteful process. But you can do away with some little hint minerals, but that’s now not in reality the issue.I imply faucet water is usually the most inexpensive, most secure source of consuming water.
Gianna What approximately fluoride in it? Fluoride is the purpose why we don’t develop vintage and lose all our teeth.Gianna Should we be consuming fluoride though?
It’s now not necessary, but from a public fitness point of view—wealthy human beings can go to the dentist and have enough money all forms of gizmos, ultrasonic gizmos for their enamel—however from a public fitness scale, I imply that’s the way you reach impoverished populations which may not have the dental care which you have, and so if you have a dental trouble, no big deal, go to the dentist, proper? But in the event that they have a dental trouble, they could lose their tooth, which means that dropping a number of their vitamins or being in continual pain.And truly from a public fitness viewpoint fluoridated water is—in fact, according to the Center for Disease Control, one of the greatest public health improvements over the past century.
Gianna Question wide variety three: are there any hints or unique recommendations for ladies who pick to consume a plant-based totally weight-reduction plan at the same time as pregnant, and who also pick to raise kids plant based totally after the breast milk stage if over?When you’re ingesting for two it’s just that much more vital to get all the nutrients you want, and so it’s basically all of the equal recommendation you’d give to absolutely everyone eating a wholesome eating regimen, ingesting a plant-primarily based weight-reduction plan.
Critically vital: vitamin B12.So there’s nutrients that aren’t made by means of vegetation.
One’s diet D, which is made through animals including your self when you stroll outdoor; it’s the sunshine vitamin.And the opposite one’s vitamin B12.
Not made via flora, no longer made via animals either; made by way of little microbes that blanket the earth.So, , we should get all the B12 we wanted drinking well water or out of a mountain or something a long term ago, but now we chlorinate our water deliver to kill off any bacteria, so we don’t have numerous B12 within our water any extra.
Don’t get loads of cholera either. It’s an amazing element that we live within a pleasing sanitary global, but due to that we want to get a normal dependable source of B12.Critically vital, especially for pregnant ladies, however for each person.
During pregnancy iodine’s essential, a mineral regularly lacking from prenatal nutrients, so it’s vital, in case you’re getting a prenatal, to make sure it has iodine. Recommended each day allowance is 150 micrograms an afternoon.
Gianna And For Children Being Raised Vegan, Do You Recommend Any Books Or Any Videos To Watch?
Is That Something That You Would Recommend To Raise Children Whole Food, Plant Based?
Should we improve our kids healthy?I say sure, indeed, and so does the maximum esteemed pediatrician in human history, Benjamin Spock, within the 7th edition of Child and Baby Care, which is like one of the best-promoting books ever, second best to the Bible possibly on this us of a.
Where within his ultimate version he wrote, in his 90s before he died, encouraged all kids be raised with zero exposure to meat and dairy, and he did that due to the fact he could see what the grandparents were death from and notice this burgeoning youth weight problems epidemic. So in reality we must enhance our children inside the healthiest feasible manner.That manner now not having them smoke cigarettes.
That way having them placed on seat belts, smoke alarms inside the home, and a whole meals, plant-primarily based food plan—without a doubt primary, simple. And even the ADA, well, what’s now the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, in their authentic function paper says strictly plant-based diets are suitable for all levels of the lifestyle, including pregnancy and infancy and on through antique age.So certainly, we must all be raising healthy youngsters, and in reality, Scott Stoll is currently writing a e book on raising vegan youngsters;
he’s got six, so he knows one or things approximately it. Gianna good enough, number four:please help explain soy and hormones, and why each women and men need now not fear it.
Soy is a misunderstood bean. All kinds of nuttiness out on the net.If you examine the science, though, it’s truely simply sort of a exquisite medical consensus within terms of people.
I imply, the laboratory animal experiences, it depends in case you’re a hamster or a rat, or extraordinary lines of mice have different outcomes. When we ultimately had human statistics, so as an example breast most cancers, you may see concerns at the net about, appearance, soy has phytoestrogens.
When You Think Of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer, Should Women With Breast Cancer Be Eating Soy?
And so we didn’t recognise till 2004, the first study that sincerely put it to the take a look at and in reality followed breast cancer survivors, a few that ate soy and some that didn’t, just to look who lived longer, who had much less breast cancer recurrence. And in that statistic and within all of five reviews achieved so far, every single one observed that girls with breast cancer, whether or not estrogen receptor fantastic or negative, whether they have been on Tamoxifen or no longer—all always more survival;put them all collectively, more survival, decrease most cancers recurrence rate.
And so we’ve recognised that consuming soy, especially for the duration of adolescence, can reduce the danger of having breast most cancers inside the first place, but now we know it’s associated with stepped forward survival as well. So wait a 2nd.How is that possible whilst it has estrogenic results?
Well, no, see you don’t understand. There’s definitely two sorts of estrogen receptor cells—it’s a protracted scenario:alpha, beta—so essentially your own estrogen, your endogenous estrogen produced through your ovaries attaches preferentially to alpha receptors.
Soy attaches to a different kind of estrogen receptors. So it subjects, the consequences of soy at the body subjects at the ratio of those exceptional receptors and exclusive organs of the body.And so it actually has seasoned-estrogen outcomes wherein you want it, like inside the bones, skeleton.
It definitely reduces bone loss as compared to dairy milk, for example, in studies of soy milk. But it has android estrogenic outcomes in which you need it, for instance inside the breast, lowering breast most cancers danger and enhancing breast most cancers survival.So it’s what’s known as a selective estrogen receptor modulator, a flowery term for basically the fine of all worlds.
So it reduces hot flashes, anti-estrogen impact, strengthens the bones, pro-estrogenic effect, reduces breast cancer hazard. And so you don’t must devour it;all the legumes are healthful, and that i encourage humans to consume whole soy assets like edamame, immature green soybeans;
you can get frozen luggage of it, sprinkle it to your salad, a outstanding preference. Tempeh, miso, these are all complete soy meals, in addition to a number of the extra processed stuff.And so that you look in the scientific literature, it’s clear.
We’ve got tons of motion pictures approximately it. So yeah, you just don’t accept as true with the craziness you examine at the internet.Gianna And just for the males out there that are involved that they could grow breasts or some thing like that from soy.
Can We Help Debunk That For Men, So They Don’t Fear It As Well?
Sure.So there’s three case reports within literature of gynecomastia with excessive soy consumption.
But via excessive soy—they were actually ingesting gallons of soy milk a day, so I overlook… I think a few human beings, like 40 servings of soy an afternoon, and at that degree you can definitely get enough alpha receptor interest to absolutely have seasoned-estrogenic consequences. So the reply isn't always to avoid soy, however not drink four gallons of soy milk an afternoon.
Gianna So Men Aren’t Going To Grow Breasts If They’re Eating Soy Here And There?
No, and actually it would be healthy. So soy consumption within men is related to lower prostate most cancers risk, which is the primary most cancers killer precise to guys.Gianna ok, question range five:
Can A Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Help Heal Autoimmune Diseases Like Thyroid Issues And Colitis?
So consuming an anti-inflammatory food regimen, no surprise, may be one of the satisfactory dietary remedies for inflammatory illnesses within fashionable, inclusive of vehicle-immune disease.So as an example, multiple sclerosis, that's an auto-immune sickness wherein your body attacks your own nerves, the unmarried satisfactory recorded intervention—clinical, surgical, anything, no pills—have ever beaten out a plant-based totally diet:
Roy Swank’s anti-MS diet, so the best. So it’s no longer simply more secure, less expensive.No, the best remedy ever posted in the peer reviewed clinical medical literature, a plant-based totally eating regimen.
Chron’s disease, equal factor. A research out of Japan using a plant-primarily based weight-reduction plan, a number of the pleasant relapse prevention rates ever.Chron’s ailment is an automobile-immune inflammatory bowel disease.
Rheumatoid arthritis, one of the most effective interventions for rheumatoid arthritis—whether we’re speaking approximately objective measures which includes grip energy and inflammatory markers within the blood movement or just in phrases of best of lifestyles for humans stricken by these illnesses. Auto-immune disease, we just don’t have a whole lot of proper statistics for.We have information, so the Adventist 2 poll located that folks that eat strictly plant-primarily based diets have the very best rates of what’s referred to as euthyroid thyroid, which means normal thyroid characteristic, and so it may save you thyroid problems.
But there’s never been any poll that really put plant-based diets to the check within terms of treating thyroid disfunction, until we’re speaking approximately something like iodine deficiency. There’s different varieties of inflammatory diseases that we don’t have facts for, however it might make sense if it works for a majority of these other automobile-immune diseases, it works for these other inflammatory diseases, an anti inflammatory food regimen would have this impact.And a part of that anti inflammatory electricity is from the fiber.
You say, fiber? Who might suppose fiber?We suppose like bowel fitness or something.
It’s simply type of an inert substance. Not at all.We can’t digest fiber, but our appropriate gut micro organism can.
We have trillions of bacteria in our intestine. And we used to assume that turned into simply intestine health, however now we recognize that our microbiome, our friendly plants down within our colon clearly can have results on our immune system, even our psychological health.
And What Do They Eat, What Do Our Good Bugs Eat?
They consume prebiotics, that is fiber and resistant starch discovered in abundance in best one location: entire plant foods, and a number of these compounds have anti-inflammatory consequences.They’re wreck down products of fiber;
they get absorbed into your device and circulated during your body. So that’s one of the reasons why plant-based diets are so anti-inflammatory.Gianna Number six:
What are your mind on nutrients and supplements, vegan based, either taken orally or intravenously like diet C drips? Well, without a doubt diet B12 is critically crucial for all and sundry ingesting a healthful weight-reduction plan, so I’d propose 2500 micrograms of what’s known as cyanocobalamin, which is the most inexpensive source.Once a week is all you want.
Costs much less than $5 a year. You’re going to get all the B12 you need, but significantly essential from a everyday dependable source.If you’re now not getting sufficient sun… Now, if you’re mild skinned sufficient and young enough and skinny sufficient and live at a latitude that’s sunny enough, then getting 10, 15 minutes of mid-day solar, you’ll get all of the vitamin D you want.
But it doesn’t count how sunny it is in case you’re caught at a desk task all day, not getting outside, in which case you’d want to supplement your eating regimen with nutrition D, the sunshine vitamin. I advocate 2,000 international gadgets of nutrition D3 a day.So, I suggest intravenous diet C has been used as a cancer remedy, going back to the 1970s with Linus Pauling’s paintings.
It become due to the fact—thrilling—form of debunked via Mayo Clinic, wherein they gave humans an entire bunch of diet C; didn’t see the kind of excellent consequences that had been firstly seen, however they had been using oral nutrition C.We used to think, well, oral nutrition C is the same as intravenous diet C, but no, our frame in reality clamps down on diet C absorption.
At very small doses it doesn’t matter both way, you’ll take in it all. But as soon as your frame receives over about 200, 250 milligrams of diet C—which is ready five servings of fruits and veggies well worth—your frame starts clamping “that’s a bit too much.” Your body begins clamping down on absorption, so they surely weren’t uncovered to the equal quantity.And so i've a whole shows of films on intravenous diet C for most cancers in case you’re interested by that;
I inspire people to check it out. Gianna Should we be cooking cru—your favorite—have to we be cooking cruciferous vegetables, like steaming broccoli, or is mixing uncooked kale in a smoothie powerful sufficient, and is it bad for the thyroid to eat them raw? Oh, my God.We must consume cruciferous veggies in whichever way receives us to devour the most of them.
You like raw broccoli? Eat uncooked broccoli.You like steamed broccoli?
Eat steamed. Whichever way gets you to eat the maximum.In reality cruciferous greens are considered one of my Daily Dozen.
It’s a free app on iPhone, Android: “ ’s Daily Dozen.” I talk approximately all of the foods I encourage humans to get and healthy into their each day routine.So, you understand, greens each day are the healthies veggies, beans every day, berries every day are the healthiest end result.
A tablespoon of floor flaxseeds, a quarter teaspoon of ground turmeric. You recognise, the high-quality beverage, the quality sweeteners, how a great deal exercising to get—just to type of inspire human beings to try and healthy a number of the healthies of wholesome foods into the food plan.And one of these bins I inspire humans to tick off every day, you’re now not going to healthy—you’re not going to test off the day unless you get a few shape of cruciferous greens, which is set a 1/2 cup of cooked cruciferous veggies, approximately a cup of uncooked.
And so that’s like kale, collards, bok choy, and Brussels sprouts, and collard veggies, all these tremendous veggies. And so basically but you get them to your weight loss plan, the higher.During the summertime, inexperienced smoothies are a incredible go-to manner to get greens on your breakfast.
And I form of smash a few white beans within my oatmeal just to get my legumes, were given to check those off. But, yeah, put them in a smoothie, placed them everywhere;as long as you’re getting greens, that’s the most vital aspect.
Now you can overdo, I imply you could overdo raw cruciferous greens which have this so referred to as goitrogenic compounds which might be determined in plenty of healthful meals, not only broccoli, but also flaxseeds and a number of other wholesome things. But the option is not to keep away from those definitely healthful ingredients;it’s just to get sufficient iodine due to the fact those goitrogenic compounds simply interfere with the uptake of iodine, which is the thyroid gland.
So in case you’re simply marginally not getting enough iodine, then eating quite a few broccoli and cruciferous can really have an effect on your degrees. So the answer, you simply make sure you’re getting a source of iodine;the healthiest one is sea veggies, so you like munch on those seaweed snacks, and then much like dark green leafies as a snack.
Ah! I imply the more methods you could get them into your eating regimen, the higher.There become this well-known case inside the New England Journal of Medicine, a girl who—I forget about, it changed into like actually thousands of kilos of raw bok choy, she become on a few loopy food regimen, and in reality did run into thyroid issues, so 1000 pounds… adequate, but… Gianna It’s just like the soy.
…I encourage human beings, proper. And look, we’re speakme about foods with medicinal outcomes.I imply we need to count on like if you may eat as a whole lot—I imply if there’s a limiteless amount of something that you may be exposed to, possibly doesn’t have tons “uumph” to it, proper?
But the reality that, appearance, no, some of these ingredients can have powerful results on our biology, so no surprise that there’s a sure degree that you want to stay through, however thankfully they’re all easily through any kind of usual culinary dose. Gianna Number eight:is sprouting nuts, seeds, grains and beans higher for digestion?
If so, why? Oh, well, see, part of the motive that human beings soak or sprout nuts is to dispose of the phytates.So there has been this idea, based totally on reviews on puppies lower back in the ‘50s, that phytates were mineral inhibitors.
And so the way you may eliminate the phytates, you soak nuts or you sprout nuts to eliminate the phytates, and then you’d maximize your calcium absorption and different vital minerals. But we now understand no longer best is that now not the case, but phytates are definitely healthy for you, actually useful effects of phytates, so we need to sincerely attempt to get as an awful lot phytates within our weight loss plan as possible, and the manner we do this is by means of ingesting our nuts un-sprouted, ingesting our nuts un-soaked.And so, yeah, I inspire humans to consume uncooked nuts, seeds, and seed butters.
The reason we’d as an alternative not roast them is due to the formation of AGE’s, Advanced Glycation End products, which can be these glycotoxins related to multiplied risk of kidney ailment and Alzheimer’s and improved growing older and all sorts of really bad matters. And it’s fashioned when high fat, excessive protein ingredients are exposed to extraordinarily high heat, dry warmth.And so nearly all AGE publicity is meat—so like barbequed warm puppies, so barbequed, grilling, grilled chicken, that sort of issue—extraordinarily excessive.
So if you observe it, whereas plant meals have almost nothing no matter what you do—I imply you may grill a bell pepper and you’re now not going to offer a problem, but there are uncommon plant ingredients which are high within protein effects, consisting of nuts, which include soy. So we must honestly, ideally need to no longer—like Cajun blackened tofu, now not a good idea on a regular foundation due to those a while.So that’s why we genuinely shouldn’t roast our nuts.
Gianna And Why Do You Recommend Nut Butters As Opposed To Just The Whole Nut?
Oh, definitely complete nuts are better because you genuinely chunk down to little particles—no matter how well you bite, you generally handiest fracture right down to approximately 2 mm, that's 1000 instances larger than the debris found in nut butters.And the motive that’s essential is due to the fact those cell partitions and people little cubes, which incorporate hundreds of heaps of intact walls, simply protect all of the vitamins interior from absorption to your small gut, and that creates a bounty for our intestine vegetation.
So whilst we eat simply acellular meals, powders like flour merchandise, even though it’s 100% complete wheat flour—so if we eat 100% entire wheat flour bread or pasta or something, we’re getting all of the vitamins; they didn’t cast off the fiber, however all of the nutrients are out, exposed to be absorbed.They get absorbed within the small gut, leaving little or no for our gut flowers at the give up.
Whereas if you consume whole intact grains or entire beans, then there is truely these little clumps of meals that’s leftover for our top micro organism, and that improves our intestine fitness and improves our microbiome. Gianna i like it.Since so much of our soil is depleted of minerals, wherein are we able to get super sources of minerals?
So that’s a few scammy trace mineral supplier speak. Somebody have to study crop nutrient decline over the last half century, perhaps 15%.So human beings looking to sell you mineral supplements will make this, will say, oh, our crops are depleted, just because they’re seeking to sell you some thing.
We can sincerely have a look at the records; the USDA tracks vitamins in the soil going lower back for a century:15% decrement.
So meaning, ok, in preference to five florets of broccoli, now you have to eat six florets of broccoli in preference to a half century ago. Fine, devour six florets of broccoli.There’s no need to take mineral dietary supplements.
Gianna good enough. Number ten: For people who say all of us’s one-of-a-kind, so all of us require distinct diets.Yeah.
Gianna What is your advice on this, and does an entire meals, plant-primarily based eating regimen help us live longer, more healthy lives, every person? So, it’s no longer like—like at a zoo, there’s a gorilla eating regimen and there’s a lemur weight loss program.It’s not like, oh, you’re lemur #12, so you get some loopy food plan.
No, there’s a weight-reduction plan that’s clearly tuned to our biology. We evolved for millions of years.So we broke from our ultimate first rate ape ancestors about 20 million years in the past.
So for the primary 90% of our evolution till approximately 2 million years in the past we ate what our fellow high-quality apes ate, which is essentially veggies and fruit. We have been a plant-primarily based weight-reduction plan, almost exclusively plant-primarily based food regimen, and handiest within the ultimate 10% of our evolution did we start understanding how to make tools and looking, etc.And so our biology is tuned to consuming complete meals, plant based—so no wonder that the equal form of diet that reverses heart disease, the primary killer of men and women, is the equal food regimen that still reverses diabetes, and the equal weight loss program that reverses high blood pressure.
And So A Kidney Healthy Diet, Is A Liver Healthy Diet, Is A Brain Healthy Diet, Right?
And all of it makes sense due to the fact, appearance, the anti inflammatory weight-reduction plan is a food plan that enables your arteries anywhere during your frame.I imply, appearance, if that’s all a plant-primarily based food regimen ought to do, reverse the number one killer of ladies and men, shouldn’t that be sort of the default weight-reduction plan until established otherwise?
In truth that it could also save you or reverse different main killers would appear to make the case for plant-based totally ingesting really overwhelming. Gianna We have one bonus question.Bonus!
What do ya’ were given?Gianna What Is The Most Effective Way To Help People Convert To Being Plant Based?
So I assume sharing resources with them.
So every now and then it’s difficult; human beings placed up their defenses while someone attempts—when everybody comes to us with a few new concept that conflicts with what we trust, there’s simply this kind of herbal response to kind of need to keep on.That’s why sharing sort of third-party sources:
“Here’s a exceptional documentary, right here’s a superb internet site, right here’s a remarkable e-book,” after which they can type of take it within on themselves, after which sort of the motivation comes from through rather than feeling someone’s attempting to tell them to do something. So that’s certainly one of my favorite ways.And percentage notable food!
They have this experience that, oh, yeah, it doesn’t depend how—will I stay that lengthy or simply feel like I lived that lengthy? But no, it’s genuinely the fine of each worlds.Some of the yummiest, like berries, proper?
Wait a second. Tastes remarkable and you get to stay longer?That’s what plant-based consuming is all about Gianna Thanks for tuning in, Love, Giana, and… [silence].
You have to say, “ .” I didn’t realize my line. Where’s my cue card?