Author: Karen Lennox
Time for reading: ~27
minutes
Last Updated:
August 08, 2022
Learn more information about whole grain bread carbs. In this article we'll discuss whole grain bread carbs.
Happy to be here.
i'm a physician, specializing in life-style medication using diet and workout not most effective save you disorder, but to deal with and opposite it as well.
And it all definitely is going lower back to my grandma. You realize, I assume the spark for many youngsters to need to be a physician after they develop up is watching a grandparent get sick or maybe die, but for me turned into watching my grandma get better.She became identified with cease level heart ailment.
Already had so many skip surgeries, not anything more the docs may want to do. She changed into sent domestic in a wheel chair to die.Crushing chest ache.
But then she heard approximately this guy, Nathan Pritikin, certainly one of our early life-style medicine pioneers, and what passed off next is in reality designated in Pritikin’s biography, to speak approximately Frances , my grandma.They wheeled her within, and she or he walked out a few weeks later.
She changed into on foot 10 miles an afternoon, and though she was given her scientific dying sentence at age 65, way to a wholesome food regimen became able to revel in some other 31 years on the planet to age 96, to hold to enjoy her six grandkids including me. So that’s why I went into medicine.That’s why I exercise the sort of medicinal drug I do, life-style medicinal drug.
I just need to do in your family what Pritikin did for my own family.
Gianna That’s amazing. First question:how lots fats and protein will we want every day?
What are the first-class resources? And how tons need to athletes be eating?Well, you know, we don’t eat macro vitamins;
we don’t devour micro nutrients.You need Paleo junk meals, we’ll give you vegan junk food, we’ll give you fats loose junk meals, we’ll come up with… I imply any form of junk meals you need as it’s all approximately macro vitamins or it’s all about anything precise thing, proper?
On Fruit Loops, they can say, “with fiber, diet D” with all this stuff, and that offers us this kind of fitness halo, when in truth it must all be approximately food. And the purpose people don’t talk about food is there’s no cash to be made in meals.In truth, deliver is going horrific;
Can’t sit down on the shelf like a Twinkie for a pair weeks.
And look, even a broccoli grower is not going to put an advert on television for broccoli because, you recognize, they’ll just buy a competitor’s broccoli. There’s simply no cash to be made.You’re in no way going to look an ad on tv for sweet potatoes due to the fact there’s simply no cash to be made.
That’s not where the earnings is. The system is installation to praise just the unhealthiest but maximum profitable conduct.And so, I suggest, in order that’s just type of falling into the meals enterprise’s trap to speak of kind of this reductionist view of vitamins instead of meals.
Like What’s The Best Food, Right?
Well, carbs are jelly beans or kidney beans, lentils or lollipops.
They’re both carbs, proper? I imply so fats, fats’s walnuts or lard, proper?So that’s why you can’t talk approximately it.
That’s why the industry wants you to speak like that, but it certainly has to come down to is what are the healthiest foods? So like, look, the dairy enterprise can say “the calcium in dairy.” Yeah, you understand what else is within dairy?It’s the number one supply of saturated fat in this United States.
People suppose like steak or some thing. No, the primary supply of saturated fats is dairy, yes, the number one source of calcium, but sure, there’s protein within beef, sure, there’s iron within beef, proper?
But What About The Baggage That Comes Along With All Those Nutrients?
I suggest as a good deal as Burger King says you could “have it your way,” you could’t be like, “Yeah, can i am getting the protein but preserve the saturated fats, maintain the hormones, preserve the ldl cholesterol.” I know, it’s a bundle— meals is a package deal. So the component about that, so in case you get your calcium from, you recognize, darkish inexperienced leafy greens instead, then it’s like, nicely, the baggage is virtually an advantage.You get the fiber and the folate and the iron and the antioxidants—all these things missing from sort of the dairy source.
So that’s how we think within phrases of meals. So in case you ask me what are the pleasant foods that happen to have fat in them, nicely, it'd be nuts, seeds, avocados, due to the fact then it’s simply—you simply get the bonus in preference to the luggage.In phrases of protein sources, every body who doesn’t realize a way to get protein on a plant-primarily based weight loss program doesn’t recognise beans, proper?
Beans, cut up peas, chickpeas, lentils, legumes—the protein superstars of the plant state. And then additionally some of the entire grains, nuts and seeds and all varieties of things.So entire plant ingredients are the healthiest manner to get almost all your vitamins, and that’s really, I suppose, how we must consider the ones macro nutrients.
Gianna Question quantity :What Are Your Thoughts On Alkaline And Distilled Water, And Which Is Best For Athletes?
Most of the type of alkaline water nonsense is simply bogus, scam kind of stuff.
i've a video on NutritionFacts.org that is going into the technology around that. Distilled water simply sort of seems a waste of power to me.I suggest it’s the equal issue with like, you recognize, sort of reverse osmosis distillation;
it’s just a very kind of wasteful manner. But you may dispose of some little hint minerals, however that’s no longer clearly the difficulty.I mean tap water is generally the most inexpensive, safest supply of ingesting water.
Gianna What about fluoride in it? Fluoride is the purpose why we don’t develop old and lose all our tooth.Gianna Should we be ingesting fluoride although?
It’s not important, but from a public health point of view—rich humans can visit the dentist and manage to pay for all sorts of gizmos, ultrasonic gizmos for his or her teeth—but from a public fitness scale, I suggest that’s the way you attain impoverished populations which might not have the dental care that you have, and so when you have a dental trouble, no huge deal, go to the dentist, proper? But if they have a dental trouble, they may lose their tooth, which means losing plenty of their nutrients or being in persistent ache.And genuinely from a public health point of view fluoridated water is—in truth, in step with the Center for Disease Control, one of the greatest public health improvements during the last century.
Gianna Question variety three: are there any hints or unique pointers for girls who pick out to consume a plant-based weight loss plan whilst pregnant, and who also choose to elevate children plant based after the breast milk level if over?When you’re consuming for 2 it’s just that much more vital to get all the nutrition you want, and so it’s essentially all of the identical advice you’d deliver to anybody eating a wholesome food plan, consuming a plant-based food regimen.
Critically critical: vitamin B12.So there’s two nutrients that aren’t made with the aid of flora.
One’s nutrition D, that is made by means of animals which include yourself when you walk out of doors; it’s the sunshine nutrition.And the other one’s vitamin B12.
Not made by way of flowers, no longer made through animals both; made through little microbes that blanket the earth.So, you know, we should get all the B12 we needed consuming well water or out of a mountain or some thing a long time ago, but now we chlorinate our water deliver to kill off any bacteria, so we don’t have a variety of B12 within our water any more.
Don’t get numerous cholera both. It’s a good aspect that we stay in a pleasant sanitary global, but because of that we need to get a everyday dependable source of B12.Critically essential, in particular for pregnant women, but for anybody.
During being pregnant iodine’s crucial, a mineral often missing from prenatal nutrients, so it’s essential, in case you’re getting a prenatal, to make sure it has iodine. Recommended day by day allowance is 150 micrograms an afternoon.
Gianna And For Children Being Raised Vegan, Do You Recommend Any Books Or Any Videos To Watch?
Is That Something That You Would Recommend To Raise Children Whole Food, Plant Based?
Should we increase our youngsters healthful?I say sure, indeed, and so does the most esteemed pediatrician within human records, Benjamin Spock, in the seventh version of Child and Baby Care, that's like one of the first-rate-promoting books ever, 2d simplest to the Bible perhaps in this country.
Where in his remaining version he wrote, in his 90s before he died, advocated all kids be raised with zero exposure to meat and dairy, and he did that because he should see what the grandparents were dying from and notice this burgeoning early life weight problems epidemic. So actually we should increase our children inside the healthiest feasible manner.That way not having them smoke cigarettes.
That way having them placed on seat belts, smoke alarms within the home, and an entire meals, plant-primarily based diet—in reality fundamental, easy. And even the ADA, properly, what’s now the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, in their reputable position paper says strictly plant-based totally diets are suitable for all stages of the lifestyle, which includes pregnancy and infancy and on through old age.So definitely, we ought to all be raising healthy children, and in fact, Scott Stoll is presently writing a e book on raising vegan kids;
he’s were given six, so he is aware of one or two matters approximately it. Gianna adequate, quantity four:please assist explain soy and hormones, and why both men and women want now not fear it.
Soy is a misunderstood bean. All sorts of nuttiness out on the internet.If you study the technological know-how, even though, it’s absolutely simply sort of a splendid scientific consensus within terms of human beings.
I imply, the laboratory animal reviews, it relies upon in case you’re a hamster or a rat, or exceptional strains of mice have specific effects. When we ultimately had human statistics, so for example breast most cancers, you could see concerns on the internet approximately, look, soy has phytoestrogens.
When You Think Of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer, Should Women With Breast Cancer Be Eating Soy?
And so we didn’t recognise till 2004, the first statistic that without a doubt positioned it to the check and in reality followed breast most cancers survivors, a few that ate soy and a few that didn’t, just to see who lived longer, who had much less breast most cancers recurrence. And in that research and in all of five experiences achieved up to now, each single one determined that girls with breast cancer, whether or not estrogen receptor tremendous or bad, whether or not they were on Tamoxifen or now not—all continuously extra survival;placed them all together, greater survival, lower cancer recurrence price.
And so we’ve recognised that ingesting soy, in particular all through early life, can lessen the risk of having breast most cancers inside the first area, however now we understand it’s associated with improved survival as well. So wait a 2nd.How is that possible when it has estrogenic outcomes?
Well, no, see you don’t recognize. There’s surely two sorts of estrogen receptor cells—it’s a long scenario:alpha, beta—so basically your very own estrogen, your endogenous estrogen produced by way of your ovaries attaches preferentially to alpha receptors.
Soy attaches to a different sort of estrogen receptors. So it matters, the consequences of soy on the body topics on the ratio of these specific receptors and different organs of the frame.And so it honestly has pro-estrogen effects in which you want it, like inside the bones, skeleton.
It in reality reduces bone loss as compared to dairy milk, as an instance, in stories of soy milk. But it has android estrogenic outcomes where you want it, as an example within the breast, reducing breast cancer chance and improving breast cancer survival.So it’s what’s known as a selective estrogen receptor modulator, a elaborate time period for essentially the fine of all worlds.
So it reduces warm flashes, anti-estrogen effect, strengthens the bones, seasoned-estrogenic effect, reduces breast cancer threat. And so you don’t should consume it;all of the legumes are healthy, and i encourage humans to eat whole soy resources like edamame, immature inexperienced soybeans;
you may get frozen bags of it, sprinkle it to your salad, a amazing preference. Tempeh, miso, these are all entire soy ingredients, in addition to some of the more processed stuff.And so you appearance in the medical literature, it’s clean.
We’ve got tons of films about it. So yeah, you simply don’t agree with the craziness you read on the internet.Gianna And only for the males accessible which might be concerned that they could develop breasts or some thing like that from soy.
Can We Help Debunk That For Men, So They Don’t Fear It As Well?
Sure.So there’s three case reviews in literature of gynecomastia with immoderate soy consumption.
But via immoderate soy—they were literally drinking gallons of soy milk a day, so I overlook… I suppose a few people, like 40 servings of soy an afternoon, and at that degree you may certainly get enough alpha receptor activity to absolutely have seasoned-estrogenic effects. So the reply isn't to keep away from soy, but not drink four gallons of soy milk a day.
Gianna So Men Aren’t Going To Grow Breasts If They’re Eating Soy Here And There?
No, and in fact it would be wholesome. So soy intake in guys is related to lower prostate most cancers chance, that's the primary most cancers killer unique to guys.Gianna adequate, query quantity five:
Can A Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Help Heal Autoimmune Diseases Like Thyroid Issues And Colitis?
So eating an anti-inflammatory diet, no surprise, can be one of the quality dietary remedies for inflammatory illnesses within wellknown, which include auto-immune disorder.So for instance, a couple of sclerosis, which is an car-immune ailment wherein your frame assaults your very own nerves, the single nice recorded intervention—clinical, surgical, some thing, no capsules—have ever overwhelmed out a plant-based food plan:
Roy Swank’s anti-MS weight loss program, so the only. So it’s not simply more secure, less expensive.No, the most effective remedy ever posted in the peer reviewed scientific scientific literature, a plant-based totally weight loss plan.
Chron’s sickness, same issue. A poll out of Japan using a plant-primarily based food regimen, a number of the fine relapse prevention rates ever.Chron’s ailment is an car-immune inflammatory bowel disorder.
Rheumatoid arthritis, one of the most powerful interventions for rheumatoid arthritis—whether we’re speaking approximately objective measures consisting of grip energy and inflammatory markers inside the blood stream or simply in terms of fine of life for people suffering from these diseases. Auto-immune ailment, we just don’t have plenty of correct information for.We have stats, so the Adventist 2 study located that those who devour strictly plant-primarily based diets have the very best rates of what’s referred to as euthyroid thyroid, that means regular thyroid feature, and so it could prevent thyroid problems.
But there’s never been any statistic that simply placed plant-based diets to the test in phrases of treating thyroid disfunction, unless we’re talking approximately some thing like iodine deficiency. There’s other kinds of inflammatory illnesses that we don’t have statistics for, however it might make experience if it works for a lot of these different car-immune diseases, it works for those other inflammatory diseases, an anti inflammatory weight loss plan might have this effect.And part of that anti-inflammatory power is from the fiber.
You say, fiber? Who might assume fiber?We think like bowel health or something.
It’s simply form of an inert substance. Not at all.We can’t digest fiber, but our good intestine micro organism can.
We have trillions of micro organism in our gut. And we used to assume that turned into just gut health, however now we recognize that our microbiome, our pleasant plants down in our colon virtually will have results on our immune device, even our psychological health.
And What Do They Eat, What Do Our Good Bugs Eat?
They eat prebiotics, that's fiber and resistant starch found in abundance within handiest one place: whole plant ingredients, and a number of those compounds have anti inflammatory results.They’re smash down products of fiber;
they get absorbed into your gadget and circulated throughout your frame. So that’s one of the motives why plant-based totally diets are so anti-inflammatory.Gianna Number six:
What are your thoughts on nutrients and dietary supplements, vegan based totally, both taken orally or intravenously like vitamin C drips? Well, really vitamin B12 is seriously crucial for every body eating a healthful food regimen, so I’d advise 2500 micrograms of what’s referred to as cyanocobalamin, that's the cheapest supply.Once a week is all you want.
Costs much less than $5 a 12 months. You’re going to get all the B12 you want, however seriously important from a ordinary reliable supply.If you’re not getting enough sun… Now, if you’re light skinned enough and young enough and skinny sufficient and live at a latitude that’s sunny enough, then getting 10, 15 minutes of mid-day sun, you’ll get all the vitamin D you want.
But it doesn’t matter how sunny it's miles in case you’re stuck at a table activity all day, now not getting outdoor, wherein case you’d want to supplement your diet with nutrition D, the light nutrition. I suggest 2,000 global gadgets of nutrition D3 a day.So, I imply intravenous nutrition C has been used as a cancer treatment, going returned to the 1970s with Linus Pauling’s work.
It was considering the fact that—interesting—sort of debunked by way of Mayo Clinic, wherein they gave human beings a whole bunch of nutrition C; didn’t see the form of striking results that had been initially visible, however they have been using oral diet C.We used to suppose, properly, oral vitamin C is similar to intravenous vitamin C, however no, our frame surely clamps down on diet C absorption.
At very small doses it doesn’t count number either manner, you’ll absorb it all. But as soon as your body receives over approximately 200, 250 milligrams of diet C—which is ready five servings of fruits and veggies worth—your frame starts clamping “that’s a little too much.” Your body begins clamping down on absorption, so they simply weren’t uncovered to the same quantity.And so i have a whole shows of films on intravenous diet C for most cancers in case you’re inquisitive about that;
I encourage humans to check it out. Gianna Should we be cooking cru—your favourite—should we be cooking cruciferous veggies, like steaming broccoli, or is mixing raw kale within a smoothie powerful enough, and is it awful for the thyroid to consume them uncooked? Oh, my God.We ought to consume cruciferous veggies within whichever way gets us to devour the maximum of them.
You like uncooked broccoli? Eat raw broccoli.You like steamed broccoli?
Eat steamed. Whichever way gets you to eat the most.In truth cruciferous greens are one of my Daily Dozen.
It’s a loose app on iPhone, Android: “ ’s Daily Dozen.” I speak about all of the ingredients I inspire people to get and suit into their daily habitual.So, you know, veggies every day are the healthies greens, beans every day, berries each day are the healthiest culmination.
A tablespoon of floor flaxseeds, a quarter teaspoon of ground turmeric. You know, the great beverage, the quality sweeteners, how tons workout to get—simply to sort of encourage people to try to healthy some of the healthies of healthy foods into the weight-reduction plan.And one of these containers I encourage people to tick off every day, you’re now not going to healthy—you’re now not going to test off the day except you get some form of cruciferous veggies, which is ready a half of cup of cooked cruciferous greens, about a cup of uncooked.
And so that’s like kale, collards, bok choy, and Brussels sprouts, and collard veggies, a majority of these great vegetables. And so basically but you get them for your eating regimen, the higher.During the summertime, green smoothies are a brilliant go-to way to get greens for your breakfast.
And I form of smash a few white beans in my oatmeal just to get my legumes, got to test the ones off. But, yeah, put them within a smoothie, positioned them anywhere;so long as you’re getting vegetables, that’s the most crucial thing.
Now you may overdo, I suggest you could overdo raw cruciferous veggies that have this so known as goitrogenic compounds that are discovered in lots of healthful foods, not simplest broccoli, but additionally flaxseeds and a number of other wholesome things. But the option is not to keep away from these truly wholesome ingredients;it’s just to get sufficient iodine due to the fact those goitrogenic compounds just intrude with the uptake of iodine, that is the thyroid gland.
So if you’re certainly marginally now not getting sufficient iodine, then consuming a number of broccoli and cruciferous can clearly have an effect on your degrees. So the answer, you simply make certain you’re getting a source of iodine;the healthiest one is sea veggies, so that you like munch on the ones seaweed snacks, after which similar to darkish green leafies as a snack.
Ah! I suggest the extra methods you can get them into your weight loss program, the better.There changed into this famous case in the New England Journal of Medicine, a lady who—I forget about, it became like actually thousands of kilos of uncooked bok choy, she become on a few crazy eating regimen, and in fact did run into thyroid troubles, so 1000 pounds… good enough, however… Gianna It’s like the soy.
…I encourage human beings, right. And appearance, we’re speakme about foods with medicinal effects.I mean we have to anticipate like if you can consume as plenty—I suggest if there’s an infinite quantity of something that you can be exposed to, probably doesn’t have lots “uumph” to it, right?
But the reality that, look, no, a number of those meals can have powerful effects on our biology, so no surprise that there’s a certain degree which you need to live through, but fortuitously they’re all easily within any sort of traditional culinary dose. Gianna Number eight:is sprouting nuts, seeds, grains and beans higher for digestion?
If so, why? Oh, nicely, see, a part of the motive that humans soak or sprout nuts is to cast off the phytates.So there was this concept, primarily based on reports on puppies returned in the ‘50s, that phytates were mineral inhibitors.
And so the manner you may take away the phytates, you soak nuts otherwise you sprout nuts to put off the phytates, and then you’d maximize your calcium absorption and different critical minerals. But we now know now not best is that no longer the case, however phytates are truly healthy for you, really useful effects of phytates, so we should really attempt to get as tons phytates within our weight loss program as feasible, and the way we do this is by means of ingesting our nuts un-sprouted, ingesting our nuts un-soaked.And so, yeah, I encourage humans to devour raw nuts, seeds, and seed butters.
The purpose we’d as a substitute now not roast them is because of the formation of AGE’s, Advanced Glycation End products, which are those glycotoxins associated with elevated hazard of kidney sickness and Alzheimer’s and extended getting older and every kind of really terrible matters. And it’s fashioned whilst high fat, high protein meals are uncovered to extraordinarily excessive warmth, dry warmness.And so nearly all AGE exposure is meat—so like barbequed warm dogs, so barbequed, grilling, grilled fowl, that sort of issue—extremely high.
So if you observe it, while plant foods have almost nothing irrespective of what you do—I suggest you can grill a bell pepper and you’re now not going to deliver a hassle, but there are rare plant meals which might be high in protein consequences, such as nuts, along with soy. So we must certainly, ideally ought to no longer—like Cajun blackened tofu, no longer a great concept on a regular foundation because of these a while.So that’s why we virtually shouldn’t roast our nuts.
Gianna And Why Do You Recommend Nut Butters As Opposed To Just The Whole Nut?
Oh, really entire nuts are better because you clearly bite down to little particles—no matter how nicely you chew, you usually best fracture all the way down to about 2 mm, which is one thousand instances large than the particles observed in nut butters.And the motive that’s crucial is because those cell partitions and those little cubes, which comprise hundreds of hundreds of intact walls, certainly shield all the vitamins interior from absorption for your small intestine, and that creates a bounty for our gut flowers.
So while we eat just acellular meals, powders like flour products, although it’s 100% entire wheat flour—so if we eat 100% entire wheat flour bread or pasta or some thing, we’re getting all the vitamins; they didn’t put off the fiber, but all of the vitamins are out, exposed to be absorbed.They get absorbed inside the small intestine, leaving little or no for our gut flowers on the stop.
Whereas if you devour complete intact grains or whole beans, then there's absolutely these little clumps of meals that’s leftover for our suitable bacteria, and that improves our gut fitness and improves our microbiome. Gianna i love it.Since so much of our soil is depleted of minerals, wherein can we get extraordinary resources of minerals?
So that’s a few scammy trace mineral dealer talk. Somebody need to examine crop nutrient decline over the past half of century, perhaps 15%.So humans trying to sell you mineral supplements will make this, will say, oh, our vegetation are depleted, just due to the fact they’re looking to sell you something.
We can virtually look at the statistics; the USDA tracks vitamins within the soil going lower back for a century:15% decrement.
So that means, ok, in preference to five florets of broccoli, now you have to eat six florets of broccoli in preference to a 1/2 century in the past. Fine, devour six florets of broccoli.There’s no need to take mineral supplements.
Gianna good enough. Number ten: For individuals who say absolutely everyone’s specific, so all of us require distinct diets.Yeah.
Gianna What is your recommendation on this, and does a whole meals, plant-primarily based food plan help us live longer, more healthy lives, every body? So, it’s no longer like—like at a zoo, there’s a gorilla weight loss program and there’s a lemur weight-reduction plan.It’s not like, oh, you’re lemur #12, so you get some crazy food plan.
No, there’s a weight-reduction plan that’s certainly tuned to our biology. We advanced for tens of millions of years.So we broke from our last exceptional ape ancestors approximately 20 million years in the past.
So for the primary 90% of our evolution until about 2 million years ago we ate what our fellow brilliant apes ate, which is basically greens and fruit. We have been a plant-based diet, almost exclusively plant-based totally weight loss program, and most effective in the last 10% of our evolution did we begin understanding a way to make tools and hunting, etc.And so our biology is tuned to ingesting complete meals, plant primarily based—so no surprise that the equal kind of weight-reduction plan that reverses coronary heart disease, the primary killer of men and women, is the equal diet that still reverses diabetes, and the equal weight loss plan that reverses excessive blood pressure.
And So A Kidney Healthy Diet, Is A Liver Healthy Diet, Is A Brain Healthy Diet, Right?
And it all makes experience because, look, the anti inflammatory weight-reduction plan is a food regimen that facilitates your arteries everywhere throughout your body.I suggest, look, if that’s all a plant-based weight loss plan could do, reverse the number one killer of men and women, shouldn’t that be kind of the default weight-reduction plan till proven otherwise?
In truth that it could also save you or opposite different leading killers might appear to make the case for plant-based ingesting genuinely overwhelming. Gianna We have one bonus query.Bonus!
What do ya’ were given?Gianna What Is The Most Effective Way To Help People Convert To Being Plant Based?
So I think sharing assets with them.
So sometimes it’s difficult; humans placed up their defenses when a person tries—whilst anyone involves us with a few new concept that conflicts with what we agree with, there’s simply this type of natural response to type of want to preserve on.That’s why sharing kind of 1/3-celebration sources:
“Here’s a extraordinary documentary, here’s a terrific website, here’s a outstanding book,” and then they could form of take it in on themselves, and then kind of the inducement comes from through in place of feeling a person’s attempting to inform them to do some thing. So that’s one among my favourite approaches.And percentage first rate food!
They have this experience that, oh, yeah, it doesn’t remember how—will I stay that lengthy or just sense like I lived that lengthy? But no, it’s in reality the satisfactory of both worlds.Some of the yummiest, like berries, proper?
Wait a 2d. Tastes notable and you get to live longer?That’s what plant-primarily based eating is all approximately Gianna Thanks for tuning in, Love, Giana, and… [silence].
You have to mention, “ .” I didn’t recognize my line. Where’s my cue card?