Author: Leticia Celentano
Time for reading: ~27
minutes
Last Updated:
August 08, 2022
Learn more information about high quality protein powder. In this article we'll discuss high quality protein powder.
Happy to be here.
i'm a physician, focusing on life-style remedy the usage of diet and workout now not best save you disorder, however to deal with and reverse it as well.
And all of it simply goes back to my grandma. You realize, I suppose the spark for many children to want to be a health practitioner when they grow up is looking a grandparent get ill or even die, however for me become looking my grandma get better.She was diagnosed with stop degree coronary heart disorder.
Already had such a lot of skip surgical procedures, not anything greater the docs should do. She became despatched domestic in a wheel chair to die.Crushing chest ache.
But then she heard approximately this man, Nathan Pritikin, one of our early life-style medicine pioneers, and what took place next is actually extensive in Pritikin’s biography, to speak about Frances , my grandma.They wheeled her within, and she or he walked out some weeks later.
She changed into on foot 10 miles an afternoon, and though she was given her clinical death sentence at age 65, thanks to a wholesome eating regimen was able to revel in another 31 years on earth to age 96, to retain to enjoy her six grandkids consisting of me. So that’s why I went into medicinal drug.That’s why I practice the sort of medication I do, way of life remedy.
I just need to do to your own family what Pritikin did for my family.
Gianna That’s excellent. First question:how an awful lot fat and protein do we want daily?
What are the quality assets? And how a great deal have to athletes be ingesting?Well, you understand, we don’t consume macro vitamins;
we don’t eat micro vitamins.You need Paleo junk meals, we’ll give you vegan junk food, we’ll give you fat loose junk meals, we’ll come up with… I imply any sort of junk food you want as it’s all about macro vitamins or it’s all about whatever particular element, right?
On Fruit Loops, they are able to say, “with fiber, diet D” with all these items, and that offers us this kind of fitness halo, while in fact it need to all be about meals. And the cause people don’t talk about food is there’s no cash to be made within food.In reality, deliver is going horrific;
Can’t sit on the shelf like a Twinkie for a pair weeks.
And appearance, even a broccoli grower isn't going to put an advert on tv for broccoli because, you recognize, they’ll simply purchase a competitor’s broccoli. There’s just no cash to be made.You’re never going to see an ad on tv for sweet potatoes due to the fact there’s simply no cash to be made.
That’s now not where the earnings is. The gadget is installation to reward simply the unhealthiest but most worthwhile conduct.And so, I mean, so that’s simply kind of falling into the food industry’s entice to speak of kind of this reductionist view of nutrients in preference to meals.
Like What’s The Best Food, Right?
Well, carbs are jelly beans or kidney beans, lentils or lollipops.
They’re each carbs, right? I mean so fat, fats’s walnuts or lard, proper?So that’s why you can’t talk about it.
That’s why the enterprise desires you to speak like that, but it simply has to come back all the way down to is what are the healthiest foods? So like, look, the dairy industry can say “the calcium in dairy.” Yeah, you understand what else is in dairy?It’s the primary supply of saturated fats on this country.
People think like steak or something. No, the number one supply of saturated fats is dairy, sure, the number one supply of calcium, however yes, there’s protein within red meat, yes, there’s iron within beef, proper?
But What About The Baggage That Comes Along With All Those Nutrients?
I mean as much as Burger King says you may “have it your way,” you could’t be like, “Yeah, can i get the protein however hold the saturated fat, preserve the hormones, maintain the ldl cholesterol.” I recognize, it’s a package deal— meals is a package deal deal. So the thing about that, so if you get your calcium from, you know, darkish inexperienced leafy greens instead, then it’s like, properly, the baggage is certainly a bonus.You get the fiber and the folate and the iron and the antioxidants—all this stuff lacking from sort of the dairy supply.
So that’s how we assume within phrases of meals. So in case you inquire from me what are the great ingredients that manifest to have fats within them, properly, it might be nuts, seeds, avocados, because then it’s just—you simply get the bonus as opposed to the baggage.In phrases of protein resources, every person who doesn’t recognize how to get protein on a plant-based totally food plan doesn’t realize beans, right?
Beans, split peas, chickpeas, lentils, legumes—the protein superstars of the plant kingdom. And then additionally some of the complete grains, nuts and seeds and all varieties of things.So complete plant ingredients are the healthiest manner to get almost all your nutrients, and that’s truly, I suppose, how we must reflect onconsideration on the ones macro nutrients.
Gianna Question number two:What Are Your Thoughts On Alkaline And Distilled Water, And Which Is Best For Athletes?
Most of the kind of alkaline water nonsense is just bogus, scam sort of stuff.
i've a video on NutritionFacts.org that goes into the technology around that. Distilled water just form of appears a waste of energy to me.I mean it’s the same thing with like, you already know, kind of reverse osmosis distillation;
it’s just a totally form of wasteful technique. But you can take away a few little hint minerals, however that’s now not genuinely the issue.I imply tap water is normally the most inexpensive, most secure supply of consuming water.
Gianna What approximately fluoride within it? Fluoride is the reason why we don’t develop old and lose all our teeth.Gianna Should we be ingesting fluoride even though?
It’s not important, however from a public health perspective—wealthy human beings can go to the dentist and manage to pay for all types of gizmos, ultrasonic gizmos for their tooth—however from a public fitness scale, I suggest that’s how you reach impoverished populations which might not have the dental care that you have, and so if you have a dental problem, no massive deal, go to the dentist, right? But if they have a dental hassle, they may lose their tooth, which means dropping numerous their vitamins or being within chronic ache.And truely from a public fitness viewpoint fluoridated water is—in truth, in keeping with the Center for Disease Control, one of the finest public health improvements over the past century.
Gianna Question variety three: are there any hints or unique hints for ladies who pick to devour a plant-based weight loss program even as pregnant, and who additionally choose to raise kids plant based totally after the breast milk level if over?When you’re eating for two it’s simply that rather more critical to get all the vitamins you want, and so it’s essentially all the same recommendation you’d deliver to all of us consuming a healthful food plan, consuming a plant-based food plan.
Critically critical: nutrition B12.So there’s two nutrients that aren’t made by way of flowers.
One’s vitamin D, which is made by way of animals such as yourself while you stroll outdoor; it’s the sunshine nutrition.And the alternative one’s nutrition B12.
Not made by plant life, now not made by means of animals both; made by little microbes that blanket the earth.So, , we may want to get all of the B12 we wanted ingesting properly water or out of a mountain or something a long term ago, however now we chlorinate our water supply to kill off any bacteria, so we don’t have a number of B12 within our water any extra.
Don’t get lots of cholera both. It’s a good element that we stay in a pleasant sanitary global, but because of that we need to get a everyday dependable source of B12.Critically critical, particularly for pregnant ladies, however for each person.
During pregnancy iodine’s important, a mineral regularly missing from prenatal nutrients, so it’s crucial, in case you’re getting a prenatal, to make certain it has iodine. Recommended each day allowance is 150 micrograms a day.
Gianna And For Children Being Raised Vegan, Do You Recommend Any Books Or Any Videos To Watch?
Is That Something That You Would Recommend To Raise Children Whole Food, Plant Based?
Should we improve our kids healthy?I say sure, indeed, and so does the maximum esteemed pediatrician in human records, Benjamin Spock, within the seventh version of Child and Baby Care, that is like one of the satisfactory-selling books ever, 2nd simplest to the Bible possibly in this United States.
Where in his final edition he wrote, in his 90s before he died, encouraged all kids be raised with zero publicity to meat and dairy, and he did that because he ought to see what the grandparents had been demise from and see this burgeoning formative years weight problems epidemic. So truly we have to raise our youngsters inside the healthiest possible manner.That means not having them smoke cigarettes.
That way having them placed on seat belts, smoke alarms within the domestic, and a whole meals, plant-based totally food plan—in reality simple, easy. And even the ADA, nicely, what’s now the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, in their professional position paper says strictly plant-primarily based diets are suitable for all levels of the lifestyle, which includes being pregnant and infancy and on thru antique age.So simply, we should all be raising healthful youngsters, and in fact, Scott Stoll is currently writing a e-book on raising vegan children;
he’s got six, so he knows one or things approximately it. Gianna adequate, number four:please help give an explanation for soy and hormones, and why each men and women need now not fear it.
Soy is a misunderstood bean. All forms of nuttiness out on the net.If you examine the technological know-how, even though, it’s virtually just kind of a exquisite clinical consensus in phrases of people.
I mean, the laboratory animal reviews, it depends in case you’re a hamster or a rat, or unique traces of mice have special effects. When we eventually had human insights, so as an instance breast cancer, you could see issues at the internet approximately, appearance, soy has phytoestrogens.
When You Think Of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer, Should Women With Breast Cancer Be Eating Soy?
And so we didn’t recognise till 2004, the primary poll that truly put it to the take a look at and in reality accompanied breast most cancers survivors, a few that ate soy and some that didn’t, just to peer who lived longer, who had much less breast most cancers recurrence. And within that research and in all of five reviews achieved so far, every single one found that women with breast most cancers, whether or not estrogen receptor advantageous or negative, whether or not they have been on Tamoxifen or now not—all continually extra survival;put them all collectively, greater survival, lower most cancers recurrence rate.
And so we’ve recognised that consuming soy, in particular throughout youth, can lessen the threat of having breast cancer inside the first place, but now we comprehend it’s related to progressed survival as properly. So wait a 2d.How is that possible whilst it has estrogenic results?
Well, no, see you don’t apprehend. There’s honestly types of estrogen receptor cells—it’s an extended tale:alpha, beta—so essentially your personal estrogen, your endogenous estrogen produced via your ovaries attaches preferentially to alpha receptors.
Soy attaches to a specific kind of estrogen receptors. So it subjects, the outcomes of soy on the body topics on the ratio of those different receptors and different organs of the body.And so it simply has pro-estrogen results where you need it, like in the bones, skeleton.
It clearly reduces bone loss in comparison to dairy milk, as an instance, in reports of soy milk. But it has android estrogenic results in which you need it, as an instance within the breast, lowering breast cancer danger and enhancing breast cancer survival.So it’s what’s called a selective estrogen receptor modulator, a flowery time period for essentially the best of all worlds.
So it reduces hot flashes, anti-estrogen effect, strengthens the bones, pro-estrogenic impact, reduces breast most cancers hazard. And so that you don’t should eat it;all the legumes are healthful, and that i inspire people to eat complete soy sources like edamame, immature green soybeans;
you may get frozen bags of it, sprinkle it in your salad, a first-rate preference. Tempeh, miso, those are all complete soy foods, in addition to a number of the extra processed stuff.And so that you look in the medical literature, it’s clear.
We’ve got heaps of motion pictures about it. So yeah, you simply don’t trust the craziness you examine at the internet.Gianna And only for the males accessible which can be concerned that they may grow breasts or some thing like that from soy.
Can We Help Debunk That For Men, So They Don’t Fear It As Well?
Sure.So there’s three case reports within literature of gynecomastia with immoderate soy consumption.
But by using immoderate soy—they were literally ingesting gallons of soy milk a day, so I overlook… I think some people, like 40 servings of soy an afternoon, and at that degree you can absolutely get enough alpha receptor pastime to sincerely have seasoned-estrogenic consequences. So the response is not to avoid soy, however not drink four gallons of soy milk a day.
Gianna So Men Aren’t Going To Grow Breasts If They’re Eating Soy Here And There?
No, and actually it would be healthful. So soy consumption within men is associated with lower prostate most cancers hazard, that's the number one most cancers killer precise to men.Gianna good enough, question wide variety five:
Can A Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Help Heal Autoimmune Diseases Like Thyroid Issues And Colitis?
So eating an anti inflammatory food regimen, no surprise, may be one of the first-class dietary treatments for inflammatory illnesses within preferred, along with automobile-immune ailment.So for example, more than one sclerosis, that's an automobile-immune ailment in which your frame assaults your very own nerves, the unmarried quality recorded intervention—clinical, surgical, some thing, no drugs—have ever crushed out a plant-primarily based weight-reduction plan:
Roy Swank’s anti-MS food plan, so the handiest. So it’s now not simply safer, less expensive.No, the most effective treatment ever posted inside the peer reviewed clinical medical literature, a plant-primarily based food regimen.
Chron’s ailment, identical factor. A poll out of Japan using a plant-primarily based weight-reduction plan, some of the first-class relapse prevention shares ever.Chron’s ailment is an automobile-immune inflammatory bowel ailment.
Rheumatoid arthritis, one of the most powerful interventions for rheumatoid arthritis—whether or not we’re talking approximately goal measures which include grip energy and inflammatory markers within the blood circulation or just within phrases of first-rate of life for people laid low with those sicknesses. Auto-immune disorder, we simply don’t have a variety of appropriate records for.We have insights, so the Adventist 2 study found that people who devour strictly plant-primarily based diets have the highest rates of what’s referred to as euthyroid thyroid, meaning normal thyroid characteristic, and so it may prevent thyroid problems.
But there’s in no way been any statistic that virtually placed plant-primarily based diets to the test within terms of treating thyroid disfunction, until we’re talking approximately some thing like iodine deficiency. There’s other styles of inflammatory sicknesses that we don’t have stats for, but it'd make experience if it works for these kinds of different automobile-immune illnesses, it works for those different inflammatory diseases, an anti-inflammatory food plan might have this impact.And a part of that anti inflammatory strength is from the fiber.
You say, fiber? Who could think fiber?We assume like bowel health or something.
It’s simply form of an inert substance. Not at all.We can’t digest fiber, however our correct gut bacteria can.
We have trillions of micro organism in our intestine. And we used to think that was simply gut fitness, however now we realize that our microbiome, our friendly plants down in our colon truely can have effects on our immune gadget, even our psychological health.
And What Do They Eat, What Do Our Good Bugs Eat?
They devour prebiotics, that's fiber and resistant starch determined in abundance within best one location: whole plant meals, and a number of these compounds have anti-inflammatory results.They’re ruin down products of fiber;
they get absorbed into your device and circulated during your body. So that’s one of the reasons why plant-based diets are so anti-inflammatory.Gianna Number six:
What are your thoughts on nutrients and dietary supplements, vegan based, both taken orally or intravenously like nutrition C drips? Well, virtually nutrition B12 is severely vital for each person ingesting a healthy weight loss program, so I’d recommend 2500 micrograms of what’s referred to as cyanocobalamin, that is the most inexpensive source.Once a week is all you need.
Costs less than $5 a yr. You’re going to get all the B12 you need, but critically essential from a normal reliable supply.If you’re no longer getting sufficient solar… Now, if you’re mild skinned enough and younger enough and skinny enough and live at a latitude that’s sunny sufficient, then getting 10, 15 minutes of mid-day sun, you’ll get all of the vitamin D you need.
But it doesn’t be counted how sunny it is in case you’re caught at a table task all day, no longer getting out of doors, wherein case you’d need to supplement your diet with vitamin D, the sunshine nutrition. I endorse 2,000 global devices of vitamin D3 an afternoon.So, I mean intravenous vitamin C has been used as a cancer treatment, going again to the 1970s with Linus Pauling’s work.
It became considering the fact that—exciting—form of debunked via Mayo Clinic, in which they gave humans an entire bunch of vitamin C; didn’t see the type of miraculous effects that have been in the beginning visible, however they have been the use of oral vitamin C.We used to suppose, nicely, oral vitamin C is the same as intravenous nutrition C, however no, our frame definitely clamps down on vitamin C absorption.
At very small doses it doesn’t count both way, you’ll soak up it all. But once your frame gets over about 200, 250 milligrams of vitamin C—which is about five servings of culmination and greens well worth—your frame starts offevolved clamping “that’s a little an excessive amount of.” Your body starts offevolved clamping down on absorption, in order that they clearly weren’t exposed to the identical amount.And so i've an entire series of motion pictures on intravenous nutrition C for cancer in case you’re interested in that;
I inspire humans to test it out. Gianna Should we be cooking cru—your preferred—have to we be cooking cruciferous veggies, like steaming broccoli, or is blending uncooked kale in a smoothie effective sufficient, and is it bad for the thyroid to eat them uncooked? Oh, my God.We have to consume cruciferous veggies in whichever manner gets us to eat the maximum of them.
You like raw broccoli? Eat uncooked broccoli.You like steamed broccoli?
Eat steamed. Whichever way will get you to devour the most.In fact cruciferous greens are one among my Daily Dozen.
It’s a loose app on iPhone, Android: “ ’s Daily Dozen.” I communicate approximately all of the ingredients I inspire people to get and fit into their day by day routine.So, you know, veggies each day are the healthies veggies, beans each day, berries each day are the healthiest culmination.
A tablespoon of ground flaxseeds, a quarter teaspoon of ground turmeric. You know, the exceptional beverage, the pleasant sweeteners, how tons exercise to get—just to kind of inspire humans to attempt to in shape a number of the healthies of healthful ingredients into the food plan.And one of these boxes I inspire people to tick off each day, you’re now not going to in shape—you’re no longer going to test off the day except you get a few shape of cruciferous veggies, which is set a half cup of cooked cruciferous greens, about a cup of uncooked.
And in order that’s like kale, collards, bok choy, and Brussels sprouts, and collard veggies, these kind of tremendous vegetables. And so basically but you get them in your weight loss plan, the better.During the summertime, green smoothies are a extraordinary pass-to manner to get greens for your breakfast.
And I form of smash a few white beans within my oatmeal just to get my legumes, got to test the ones off. But, yeah, placed them in a smoothie, put them anywhere;so long as you’re getting greens, that’s the most critical issue.
Now you may overdo, I mean you can overdo raw cruciferous veggies that have this so called goitrogenic compounds which can be found in masses of healthful meals, not only broccoli, however additionally flaxseeds and some of other wholesome matters. But the answer is not to avoid these absolutely healthy ingredients;it’s simply to get enough iodine because those goitrogenic compounds simply interfere with the uptake of iodine, that's the thyroid gland.
So if you’re without a doubt marginally not getting enough iodine, then consuming a number of broccoli and cruciferous can virtually have an effect on your stages. So the option, you simply ensure you’re getting a source of iodine;the healthiest one is sea greens, so that you like munch on the ones seaweed snacks, and then much like dark green leafies as a snack.
Ah! I imply the more methods you could get them into your eating regimen, the better.There turned into this well-known case inside the New England Journal of Medicine, a woman who—I forget about, it changed into like actually thousands of pounds of uncooked bok choy, she became on a few loopy food regimen, and in reality did run into thyroid problems, so 1000 pounds… adequate, however… Gianna It’s just like the soy.
…I encourage people, right. And look, we’re speakme approximately meals with medicinal results.I mean we have to count on like if you may eat as much—I imply if there’s an unlimited quantity of some thing that you may be uncovered to, likely doesn’t have tons “uumph” to it, proper?
But the fact that, look, no, some of these foods may have powerful effects on our biology, so no wonder that there’s a positive level that you need to live through, however fortunately they’re all effortlessly within any form of normal culinary dose. Gianna Number eight:is sprouting nuts, seeds, grains and beans higher for digestion?
If so, why? Oh, well, see, part of the purpose that human beings soak or sprout nuts is to eliminate the phytates.So there has been this idea, based on reviews on puppies again within the ‘50s, that phytates had been mineral inhibitors.
And so the way you could dispose of the phytates, you soak nuts otherwise you sprout nuts to put off the phytates, and you then’d maximize your calcium absorption and other essential minerals. But we now know now not most effective is that now not the case, however phytates are actually wholesome for you, definitely beneficial effects of phytates, so we have to certainly try and get as plenty phytates in our diet as feasible, and the manner we do that is by ingesting our nuts un-sprouted, eating our nuts un-soaked.And so, yeah, I inspire people to eat uncooked nuts, seeds, and seed butters.
The reason we’d as a substitute not roast them is because of the formation of AGE’s, Advanced Glycation End merchandise, which are these glycotoxins associated with multiplied risk of kidney disorder and Alzheimer’s and expanded getting older and all types of truly horrific matters. And it’s formed when high fat, excessive protein meals are uncovered to extremely high warmness, dry warmth.And so almost all AGE publicity is meat—so like barbequed hot puppies, so barbequed, grilling, grilled chook, that type of element—extraordinarily excessive.
So in case you examine it, whereas plant ingredients have nearly not anything regardless of what you do—I suggest you may grill a bell pepper and also you’re now not going to produce a hassle, however there are uncommon plant ingredients that are excessive in protein effects, such as nuts, such as soy. So we have to without a doubt, ideally should no longer—like Cajun blackened tofu, not a very good concept on a normal foundation because of these a while.So that’s why we honestly shouldn’t roast our nuts.
Gianna And Why Do You Recommend Nut Butters As Opposed To Just The Whole Nut?
Oh, certainly entire nuts are higher because you truly chew all the way down to little debris—no matter how nicely you chunk, you normally most effective fracture all the way down to about 2 mm, that is 1000 instances larger than the particles determined within nut butters.And the reason that’s critical is because the ones cell walls and people little cubes, which incorporate masses of hundreds of intact walls, truly shield all the nutrients interior from absorption in your small intestine, and that creates a bounty for our gut vegetation.
So whilst we eat just acellular ingredients, powders like flour products, even if it’s 100% complete wheat flour—so if we consume 100% complete wheat flour bread or pasta or something, we’re getting all of the nutrients; they didn’t remove the fiber, however all of the vitamins are out, exposed to be absorbed.They get absorbed inside the small intestine, leaving very little for our intestine vegetation on the stop.
Whereas if you devour whole intact grains or whole beans, then there may be in reality these little clumps of food that’s leftover for our suitable bacteria, and that improves our gut health and improves our microbiome. Gianna i like it.Since a lot of our soil is depleted of minerals, wherein can we get extremely good resources of minerals?
So that’s some scammy trace mineral dealer communicate. Somebody have to observe crop nutrient decline over the last half of century, perhaps 15%.So human beings trying to sell you mineral dietary supplements will make this, will say, oh, our crops are depleted, simply due to the fact they’re looking to sell you some thing.
We can honestly have a look at the records; the USDA tracks vitamins inside the soil going again for a century:15% decrement.
So meaning, adequate, instead of five florets of broccoli, now you have to devour six florets of broccoli as opposed to a half of century ago. Fine, devour six florets of broccoli.There’s no need to take mineral dietary supplements.
Gianna adequate. Number ten: For people who say every person’s specific, so all of us require exceptional diets.Yeah.
Gianna What is your advice in this, and does an entire meals, plant-primarily based food regimen help us stay longer, healthier lives, anyone? So, it’s now not like—like at a zoo, there’s a gorilla diet and there’s a lemur weight loss program.It’s no longer like, oh, you’re lemur #12, so you get a few loopy weight-reduction plan.
No, there’s a food plan that’s obviously tuned to our biology. We developed for thousands and thousands of years.So we broke from our last exceptional ape ancestors about 20 million years in the past.
So for the first 90% of our evolution until approximately 2 million years ago we ate what our fellow exquisite apes ate, which is essentially vegetables and fruit. We have been a plant-based eating regimen, nearly solely plant-primarily based weight loss plan, and most effective in the closing 10% of our evolution did we start understanding how to make equipment and looking, etc.And so our biology is tuned to eating whole food, plant primarily based—so no wonder that the identical kind of diet that reverses coronary heart sickness, the number one killer of ladies and men, is the identical food regimen that also reverses diabetes, and the equal weight-reduction plan that reverses excessive blood pressure.
And So A Kidney Healthy Diet, Is A Liver Healthy Diet, Is A Brain Healthy Diet, Right?
And it all makes sense due to the fact, appearance, the anti inflammatory diet is a food plan that helps your arteries anywhere throughout your body.I suggest, look, if that’s all a plant-based totally eating regimen may want to do, opposite the number one killer of women and men, shouldn’t that be type of the default food regimen till verified in any other case?
In reality that it can also save you or reverse other main killers would seem to make the case for plant-based consuming actually overwhelming. Gianna We have one bonus query.Bonus!
What do ya’ got?Gianna What Is The Most Effective Way To Help People Convert To Being Plant Based?
So I think sharing sources with them.
So from time to time it’s hard; people put up their defenses while someone attempts—while every body involves us with a few new concept that conflicts with what we believe, there’s just this type of natural response to sort of need to hold on.That’s why sharing sort of 1/3-party sources:
“Here’s a wonderful documentary, right here’s a amazing website, here’s a extremely good e-book,” after which they can sort of take it within on themselves, and then type of the inducement comes from within as opposed to feeling a person’s attempting to inform them to do something. So that’s one in all my favored ways.And share excellent meals!
They have this feel that, oh, yeah, it doesn’t rely how—will I live that lengthy or just experience like I lived that long? But no, it’s truely the great of both worlds.Some of the yummiest, like berries, proper?
Wait a 2d. Tastes first-rate and you get to stay longer?That’s what plant-primarily based eating is all about Gianna Thanks for tuning within, Love, Giana, and… [silence].
You have to mention, “ .” I didn’t understand my line. Where’s my cue card?