Author: Alexander Bruni
Time for reading: ~27
minutes
Last Updated:
August 08, 2022
Learn more information about carbs per meal. In this article we'll discuss carbs per meal.
Happy to be here.
i'm a doctor, focusing on lifestyle medicine using weight-reduction plan and exercising no longer simplest prevent disease, but to deal with and reverse it as nicely.
And it all absolutely goes lower back to my grandma. You recognise, I think the spark for many kids to need to be a health practitioner after they grow up is looking a grandparent get sick or maybe die, but for me changed into looking my grandma get higher.She changed into recognized with cease degree heart disorder.
Already had so many skip surgical procedures, nothing more the docs may want to do. She became despatched domestic within a wheel chair to die.Crushing chest ache.
But then she heard approximately this man, Nathan Pritikin, considered one of our early lifestyle medication pioneers, and what took place subsequent is definitely exact in Pritikin’s biography, to speak about Frances , my grandma.They wheeled her within, and he or she walked out a few weeks later.
She became walking 10 miles an afternoon, and although she become given her medical death sentence at age 65, thanks to a healthy weight-reduction plan became capable of enjoy every other 31 years on earth to age 96, to retain to experience her six grandkids consisting of me. So that’s why I went into medication.That’s why I exercise the type of medication I do, lifestyle medicine.
I simply need to do in your family what Pritikin did for my circle of relatives.
Gianna That’s remarkable. First query:how a lot fats and protein will we want daily?
What are the quality resources? And how a whole lot must athletes be consuming?Well, you realize, we don’t consume macro nutrients;
we don’t consume micro nutrients.You want Paleo junk meals, we’ll provide you with vegan junk food, we’ll come up with fat unfastened junk food, we’ll come up with… I imply any type of junk meals you need as it’s all about macro vitamins or it’s all about anything precise issue, proper?
On Fruit Loops, they are able to say, “with fiber, nutrition D” with all these items, and that gives us this form of health halo, when within fact it must all be approximately food. And the reason humans don’t speak approximately food is there’s no money to be made within meals.In reality, deliver goes terrible;
Can’t sit down on the shelf like a Twinkie for a pair weeks.
And appearance, even a broccoli grower is not going to position an advert on television for broccoli due to the fact, , they’ll simply purchase a competitor’s broccoli. There’s simply no cash to be made.You’re by no means going to see an ad on television for candy potatoes because there’s simply no cash to be made.
That’s no longer wherein the earnings is. The machine is installation to praise just the unhealthiest but most worthwhile conduct.And so, I imply, in order that’s just kind of falling into the meals industry’s trap to speak of form of this reductionist view of vitamins in preference to meals.
Like What’s The Best Food, Right?
Well, carbs are jelly beans or kidney beans, lentils or lollipops.
They’re each carbs, proper? I mean so fat, fat’s walnuts or lard, proper?So that’s why you can’t talk approximately it.
That’s why the enterprise wants you to talk like that, however it surely has to come all the way down to is what are the healthiest foods? So like, appearance, the dairy industry can say “the calcium within dairy.” Yeah, you realize what else is in dairy?It’s the primary source of saturated fat on this USA.
People suppose like steak or some thing. No, the number one supply of saturated fat is dairy, yes, the number one source of calcium, however yes, there’s protein within red meat, yes, there’s iron in red meat, proper?
But What About The Baggage That Comes Along With All Those Nutrients?
I suggest as a great deal as Burger King says you could “have it your manner,” you may’t be like, “Yeah, can i get the protein however maintain the saturated fat, hold the hormones, keep the ldl cholesterol.” I recognize, it’s a bundle— food is a bundle deal. So the issue about that, so if you get your calcium from, you understand, darkish green leafy vegetables as an alternative, then it’s like, well, the luggage is really a bonus.You get the fiber and the folate and the iron and the antioxidants—all this stuff lacking from sort of the dairy supply.
So that’s how we assume in terms of meals. So if you ask me what are the quality ingredients that happen to have fat within them, well, it would be nuts, seeds, avocados, due to the fact then it’s simply—you simply get the bonus in preference to the bags.In terms of protein assets, every body who doesn’t understand a way to get protein on a plant-primarily based weight loss plan doesn’t recognize beans, right?
Beans, cut up peas, chickpeas, lentils, legumes—the protein superstars of the plant country. And then additionally some of the whole grains, nuts and seeds and all sorts of things.So complete plant meals are the healthiest manner to get nearly all of your nutrients, and that’s truely, I suppose, how we must think about the ones macro nutrients.
Gianna Question range :What Are Your Thoughts On Alkaline And Distilled Water, And Which Is Best For Athletes?
Most of the sort of alkaline water nonsense is just bogus, scam type of stuff.
i've a video on NutritionFacts.org that is going into the technology round that. Distilled water just form of appears a waste of electricity to me.I imply it’s the same thing with like, you understand, sort of opposite osmosis distillation;
it’s simply a completely form of wasteful technique. But you can eliminate some little hint minerals, however that’s now not honestly the problem.I mean faucet water is generally the cheapest, safest source of drinking water.
Gianna What approximately fluoride in it? Fluoride is the cause why we don’t develop old and lose all our teeth.Gianna Should we be ingesting fluoride even though?
It’s now not necessary, but from a public fitness standpoint—rich humans can go to the dentist and come up with the money for all sorts of gizmos, ultrasonic gizmos for his or her teeth—but from a public health scale, I imply that’s the way you attain impoverished populations which won't have the dental care which you have, and so when you have a dental hassle, no huge deal, go to the dentist, right? But in the event that they have a dental problem, they might lose their teeth, this means that losing a number of their nutrition or being in persistent pain.And surely from a public fitness perspective fluoridated water is—within truth, according to the Center for Disease Control, one of the finest public health innovations during the last century.
Gianna Question variety three: are there any suggestions or unique guidelines for women who choose to consume a plant-based weight loss plan at the same time as pregnant, and who also choose to raise children plant based after the breast milk stage if over?When you’re eating for 2 it’s just that much more vital to get all of the nutrients you need, and so it’s basically all of the identical recommendation you’d supply to all and sundry consuming a healthful diet, consuming a plant-based weight loss plan.
Critically essential: nutrition B12.So there’s vitamins that aren’t made by plant life.
One’s nutrition D, which is made with the aid of animals which includes your self whilst you stroll outdoor; it’s the sunshine nutrition.And the opposite one’s vitamin B12.
Not made by way of plant life, not made by means of animals either; made via little microbes that blanket the earth.So, , we ought to get all of the B12 we needed consuming well water or out of a mountain or some thing a long time ago, however now we chlorinate our water deliver to kill off any micro organism, so we don’t have numerous B12 in our water any extra.
Don’t get loads of cholera either. It’s a great factor that we live within a pleasing sanitary international, however due to that we want to get a regular reliable supply of B12.Critically critical, in particular for pregnant girls, but for all and sundry.
During being pregnant iodine’s critical, a mineral regularly missing from prenatal vitamins, so it’s crucial, if you’re getting a prenatal, to ensure it has iodine. Recommended day by day allowance is 150 micrograms an afternoon.
Gianna And For Children Being Raised Vegan, Do You Recommend Any Books Or Any Videos To Watch?
Is That Something That You Would Recommend To Raise Children Whole Food, Plant Based?
Should we boost our children wholesome?I say yes, certainly, and so does the most esteemed pediatrician in human history, Benjamin Spock, within the seventh edition of Child and Baby Care, that is like one of the quality-selling books ever, 2d simplest to the Bible perhaps on this USA.
Where in his closing edition he wrote, within his 90s earlier than he died, recommended all youngsters be raised with zero exposure to meat and dairy, and he did that due to the fact he may want to see what the grandparents were demise from and see this burgeoning youth weight problems epidemic. So absolutely we should enhance our kids inside the healthiest feasible way.That way not having them smoke cigarettes.
That method having them put on seat belts, smoke alarms in the home, and a whole food, plant-primarily based weight loss program—simply primary, easy. And even the ADA, well, what’s now the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, of their respectable role paper says strictly plant-based diets are suitable for all stages of the way of life, inclusive of being pregnant and infancy and on thru old age.So absolutely, we need to all be raising wholesome youngsters, and in reality, Scott Stoll is currently writing a e book on elevating vegan children;
he’s were given six, so he knows one or two things about it. Gianna ok, number four:please help give an explanation for soy and hormones, and why each men and women want no longer worry it.
Soy is a misunderstood bean. All styles of nuttiness out at the internet.If you have a look at the technology, even though, it’s simply simply kind of a terrific medical consensus in terms of people.
I suggest, the laboratory animal reviews, it relies upon in case you’re a hamster or a rat, or one of a kind strains of mice have distinctive results. When we ultimately had human data, so for example breast most cancers, you can see concerns at the net about, appearance, soy has phytoestrogens.
When You Think Of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer, Should Women With Breast Cancer Be Eating Soy?
And so we didn’t realize till 2004, the primary research that simply placed it to the check and actually observed breast most cancers survivors, some that ate soy and a few that didn’t, just to look who lived longer, who had much less breast cancer recurrence. And within that poll and in all of five stories completed thus far, every unmarried one located that women with breast cancer, whether estrogen receptor wonderful or bad, whether or not they have been on Tamoxifen or no longer—all consistently greater survival;placed them all together, greater survival, decrease cancer recurrence charge.
And so we’ve known that consuming soy, particularly throughout formative years, can lessen the chance of getting breast cancer within the first region, but now we are aware of it’s related to improved survival as well. So wait a 2nd.How is that feasible while it has estrogenic effects?
Well, no, see you don’t recognize. There’s actually kinds of estrogen receptor cells—it’s a long scenario:alpha, beta—so essentially your very own estrogen, your endogenous estrogen produced by means of your ovaries attaches preferentially to alpha receptors.
Soy attaches to a unique form of estrogen receptors. So it subjects, the consequences of soy at the body matters at the ratio of these distinctive receptors and specific organs of the body.And so it virtually has seasoned-estrogen results where you need it, like within the bones, skeleton.
It virtually reduces bone loss in comparison to dairy milk, for instance, within stories of soy milk. But it has android estrogenic outcomes wherein you want it, as an instance in the breast, reducing breast cancer hazard and improving breast cancer survival.So it’s what’s called a selective estrogen receptor modulator, a elaborate term for basically the quality of all worlds.
So it reduces warm flashes, anti-estrogen effect, strengthens the bones, seasoned-estrogenic impact, reduces breast most cancers threat. And so that you don’t have to consume it;all the legumes are healthy, and i encourage human beings to consume whole soy resources like edamame, immature inexperienced soybeans;
you could get frozen baggage of it, sprinkle it on your salad, a awesome desire. Tempeh, miso, these are all entire soy ingredients, as well as a number of the more processed stuff.And so you appearance in the scientific literature, it’s clean.
We’ve were given heaps of films about it. So yeah, you just don’t accept as true with the craziness you examine on the internet.Gianna And only for the males available which are worried that they may grow breasts or something like that from soy.
Can We Help Debunk That For Men, So They Don’t Fear It As Well?
Sure.So there’s three case reports in literature of gynecomastia with excessive soy intake.
But by excessive soy—they had been actually consuming gallons of soy milk an afternoon, so I neglect… I assume a few people, like 40 servings of soy a day, and at that stage you may genuinely get enough alpha receptor hobby to actually have pro-estrogenic results. So the answer isn't always to avoid soy, however not drink four gallons of soy milk a day.
Gianna So Men Aren’t Going To Grow Breasts If They’re Eating Soy Here And There?
No, and in reality it would be healthful. So soy consumption in guys is related to lower prostate cancer risk, that's the number one most cancers killer specific to guys.Gianna ok, query variety five:
Can A Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Help Heal Autoimmune Diseases Like Thyroid Issues And Colitis?
So eating an anti inflammatory food plan, no marvel, may be one of the fine nutritional treatments for inflammatory sicknesses within popular, inclusive of auto-immune sickness.So for instance, multiple sclerosis, that is an auto-immune disorder where your body assaults your very own nerves, the unmarried first-class recorded intervention—medical, surgical, anything, no drugs—have ever beaten out a plant-based eating regimen:
Roy Swank’s anti-MS weight loss plan, so the only. So it’s now not simply more secure, cheaper.No, the most effective remedy ever published inside the peer reviewed scientific clinical literature, a plant-primarily based weight-reduction plan.
Chron’s disorder, same aspect. A poll out of Japan the use of a plant-primarily based diet, some of the best relapse prevention rates ever.Chron’s disease is an vehicle-immune inflammatory bowel ailment.
Rheumatoid arthritis, one of the most powerful interventions for rheumatoid arthritis—whether we’re speaking approximately objective measures along with grip power and inflammatory markers within the blood stream or just within phrases of excellent of lifestyles for people laid low with those diseases. Auto-immune disease, we simply don’t have a whole lot of accurate information for.We have information, so the Adventist 2 poll determined that folks that consume strictly plant-based totally diets have the best shares of what’s called euthyroid thyroid, meaning ordinary thyroid function, and so it could prevent thyroid troubles.
But there’s never been any statistic that certainly placed plant-based diets to the test in phrases of treating thyroid disfunction, except we’re talking approximately something like iodine deficiency. There’s different types of inflammatory illnesses that we don’t have data for, however it might make sense if it works for most of these different vehicle-immune illnesses, it really works for those different inflammatory illnesses, an anti-inflammatory diet would have this impact.And part of that anti-inflammatory energy is from the fiber.
You say, fiber? Who would suppose fiber?We suppose like bowel fitness or something.
It’s just type of an inert substance. Not at all.We can’t digest fiber, but our exact gut micro organism can.
We have trillions of micro organism in our intestine. And we used to suppose that was simply intestine health, but now we understand that our microbiome, our friendly vegetation down in our colon honestly will have consequences on our immune gadget, even our psychological health.
And What Do They Eat, What Do Our Good Bugs Eat?
They devour prebiotics, that is fiber and resistant starch located in abundance within simplest one area: whole plant ingredients, and some of those compounds have anti inflammatory results.They’re wreck down merchandise of fiber;
they get absorbed into your gadget and circulated in the course of your body. So that’s one of the reasons why plant-primarily based diets are so anti inflammatory.Gianna Number six:
What are your mind on nutrients and dietary supplements, vegan based, either taken orally or intravenously like vitamin C drips? Well, truely vitamin B12 is significantly crucial for anyone consuming a healthy diet, so I’d suggest 2500 micrograms of what’s called cyanocobalamin, that is the most inexpensive source.Once every week is all you need.
Costs less than $5 a yr. You’re going to get all of the B12 you need, however seriously critical from a everyday dependable supply.If you’re no longer getting enough sun… Now, if you’re mild skinned enough and young enough and thin sufficient and live at a latitude that’s sunny sufficient, then getting 10, 15 mins of mid-day sun, you’ll get all the diet D you need.
But it doesn’t rely how sunny it's far if you’re stuck at a table process all day, not getting outdoor, wherein case you’d need to complement your weight loss plan with nutrition D, the sunshine diet. I advocate 2,000 international units of diet D3 an afternoon.So, I imply intravenous diet C has been used as a cancer remedy, going returned to the Seventies with Linus Pauling’s work.
It changed into considering that—interesting—kind of debunked through Mayo Clinic, where they gave humans an entire bunch of nutrition C; didn’t see the type of awesome consequences that had been firstly seen, however they have been the use of oral nutrition C.We used to think, nicely, oral diet C is similar to intravenous vitamin C, but no, our body in reality clamps down on nutrition C absorption.
At very small doses it doesn’t matter both way, you’ll absorb all of it. But once your frame gets over about 200, 250 milligrams of vitamin C—which is about five servings of culmination and greens worth—your body starts clamping “that’s a bit an excessive amount of.” Your body starts clamping down on absorption, so that they absolutely weren’t uncovered to the equal amount.And so i've an entire shows of motion pictures on intravenous nutrition C for most cancers in case you’re inquisitive about that;
I inspire people to check it out. Gianna Should we be cooking cru—your favorite—must we be cooking cruciferous greens, like steaming broccoli, or is blending raw kale within a smoothie powerful sufficient, and is it awful for the thyroid to eat them raw? Oh, my God.We need to consume cruciferous greens in whichever manner gets us to consume the most of them.
You like raw broccoli? Eat uncooked broccoli.You like steamed broccoli?
Eat steamed. Whichever way will get you to consume the most.In truth cruciferous greens are one in every of my Daily Dozen.
It’s a free app on iPhone, Android: “ ’s Daily Dozen.” I talk approximately all of the foods I encourage human beings to get and in shape into their every day habitual.So, you already know, veggies every day are the healthies greens, beans each day, berries every day are the healthiest end result.
A tablespoon of floor flaxseeds, a quarter teaspoon of floor turmeric. You understand, the first-class beverage, the excellent sweeteners, how a whole lot workout to get—simply to sort of inspire humans to try to suit a number of the healthies of healthful meals into the food plan.And one of those boxes I inspire people to tick off each day, you’re now not going to healthy—you’re no longer going to check off the day unless you get a few shape of cruciferous veggies, which is set a half of cup of cooked cruciferous vegetables, about a cup of uncooked.
And so that’s like kale, collards, bok choy, and Brussels sprouts, and collard vegetables, these types of top notch veggies. And so basically but you get them in your food plan, the higher.During the summertime, green smoothies are a top notch go-to way to get veggies on your breakfast.
And I sort of smash a few white beans in my oatmeal simply to get my legumes, were given to check the ones off. But, yeah, put them in a smoothie, placed them everywhere;so long as you’re getting vegetables, that’s the maximum important element.
Now you could overdo, I suggest you may overdo uncooked cruciferous greens that have this so referred to as goitrogenic compounds which are found in lots of wholesome meals, no longer simplest broccoli, but also flaxseeds and a number of different healthy matters. But the answer isn't to avoid these definitely healthy ingredients;it’s simply to get enough iodine due to the fact these goitrogenic compounds just intrude with the uptake of iodine, which is the thyroid gland.
So if you’re truly marginally no longer getting sufficient iodine, then eating loads of broccoli and cruciferous can definitely affect your tiers. So the response, you just make sure you’re getting a supply of iodine;the healthiest one is sea greens, so you like munch on those seaweed snacks, after which just like dark inexperienced leafies as a snack.
Ah! I imply the more approaches you could get them into your weight loss program, the better.There turned into this well-known case in the New England Journal of Medicine, a female who—I forget about, it became like literally thousands of pounds of uncooked bok choy, she become on a few crazy food plan, and actually did run into thyroid issues, so 1000 kilos… good enough, but… Gianna It’s like the soy.
…I encourage human beings, right. And look, we’re speaking approximately foods with medicinal consequences.I imply we have to count on like if you may eat as much—I suggest if there’s an infinite quantity of some thing that you can be exposed to, in all likelihood doesn’t have lots “uumph” to it, proper?
But the truth that, appearance, no, some of those meals may have effective consequences on our biology, so no marvel that there’s a sure degree that you want to live within, but fortunately they’re all without problems through any form of regular culinary dose. Gianna Number eight:is sprouting nuts, seeds, grains and beans higher for digestion?
If so, why? Oh, nicely, see, a part of the reason that people soak or sprout nuts is to eliminate the phytates.So there has been this notion, based totally on stories on dogs again within the ‘50s, that phytates were mineral inhibitors.
And so the way you may cast off the phytates, you soak nuts or you sprout nuts to do away with the phytates, and then you definately’d maximize your calcium absorption and different essential minerals. But we now recognise not best is that now not the case, however phytates are sincerely healthy for you, certainly useful consequences of phytates, so we need to in reality try and get as much phytates in our food plan as possible, and the way we do this is with the aid of consuming our nuts un-sprouted, consuming our nuts un-soaked.And so, yeah, I encourage human beings to consume uncooked nuts, seeds, and seed butters.
The reason we’d as an alternative not roast them is because of the formation of AGE’s, Advanced Glycation End products, which can be these glycotoxins associated with extended danger of kidney disease and Alzheimer’s and accelerated getting older and every kind of truly terrible things. And it’s formed when high fats, high protein foods are uncovered to extraordinarily high heat, dry warmth.And so nearly all AGE publicity is meat—so like barbequed warm dogs, so barbequed, grilling, grilled chicken, that sort of component—extraordinarily high.
So in case you look at it, while plant foods have nearly not anything irrespective of what you do—I mean you could grill a bell pepper and also you’re no longer going to offer a trouble, however there are rare plant meals that are excessive within protein results, together with nuts, such as soy. So we should simply, ideally ought to not—like Cajun blackened tofu, no longer an excellent concept on a regular basis because of those a while.So that’s why we actually shouldn’t roast our nuts.
Gianna And Why Do You Recommend Nut Butters As Opposed To Just The Whole Nut?
Oh, genuinely entire nuts are higher because you in reality chew down to little particles—irrespective of how well you bite, you typically only fracture down to about 2 mm, that's one thousand times large than the debris observed within nut butters.And the purpose that’s critical is due to the fact those cell partitions and those little cubes, which incorporate loads of hundreds of intact walls, clearly defend all the vitamins inner from absorption to your small intestine, and that creates a bounty for our gut vegetation.
So whilst we devour simply acellular foods, powders like flour merchandise, despite the fact that it’s 100% entire wheat flour—so if we devour 100% entire wheat flour bread or pasta or some thing, we’re getting all of the vitamins; they didn’t do away with the fiber, but all of the nutrients are out, exposed to be absorbed.They get absorbed within the small gut, leaving little or no for our gut vegetation on the stop.
Whereas if you consume complete intact grains or whole beans, then there is absolutely those little clumps of meals that’s leftover for our exact micro organism, and that improves our gut health and improves our microbiome. Gianna i really like it.Since a lot of our soil is depleted of minerals, wherein are we able to get brilliant sources of minerals?
So that’s a few scammy trace mineral seller speak. Somebody ought to look at crop nutrient decline over the last 1/2 century, maybe 15%.So people trying to promote you mineral supplements will make this, will say, oh, our vegetation are depleted, just because they’re looking to promote you some thing.
We can genuinely take a look at the information; the USDA tracks nutrients inside the soil going returned for a century:15% decrement.
So meaning, good enough, instead of five florets of broccoli, now you need to consume six florets of broccoli rather than a 1/2 century ago. Fine, eat six florets of broccoli.There’s no want to take mineral dietary supplements.
Gianna adequate. Number ten: For folks that say anyone’s distinctive, so we all require distinct diets.Yeah.
Gianna What is your advice on this, and does a whole food, plant-based eating regimen help us live longer, healthier lives, all and sundry? So, it’s not like—like at a zoo, there’s a gorilla food plan and there’s a lemur food regimen.It’s no longer like, oh, you’re lemur #12, so you get a few crazy weight-reduction plan.
No, there’s a food plan that’s obviously tuned to our biology. We advanced for hundreds of thousands of years.So we broke from our closing first-rate ape ancestors about 20 million years in the past.
So for the primary 90% of our evolution until about 2 million years in the past we ate what our fellow amazing apes ate, which is largely vegetables and fruit. We have been a plant-primarily based weight loss program, almost completely plant-primarily based eating regimen, and best in the last 10% of our evolution did we start knowing a way to make equipment and hunting, and so on.And so our biology is tuned to ingesting entire food, plant based totally—so no surprise that the equal sort of food plan that reverses heart disorder, the number one killer of men and women, is the identical food plan that still reverses diabetes, and the same weight-reduction plan that reverses high blood strain.
And So A Kidney Healthy Diet, Is A Liver Healthy Diet, Is A Brain Healthy Diet, Right?
And all of it makes feel due to the fact, look, the anti inflammatory weight-reduction plan is a food plan that facilitates your arteries anywhere in the course of your body.I imply, appearance, if that’s all a plant-based totally eating regimen ought to do, opposite the number one killer of women and men, shouldn’t that be kind of the default food regimen till tested otherwise?
In reality that it can also prevent or opposite different main killers might appear to make the case for plant-based eating truely overwhelming. Gianna We have one bonus query.Bonus!
What do ya’ were given?Gianna What Is The Most Effective Way To Help People Convert To Being Plant Based?
So I assume sharing assets with them.
So from time to time it’s hard; humans placed up their defenses whilst someone attempts—when each person involves us with a few new idea that conflicts with what we accept as true with, there’s just this sort of herbal reaction to kind of want to keep on.That’s why sharing type of third-birthday party sources:
“Here’s a exceptional documentary, right here’s a amazing website, here’s a first-rate book,” and then they could type of take it within on themselves, after which type of the incentive comes from within instead of feeling someone’s attempting to inform them to do something. So that’s certainly one of my preferred ways.And proportion extremely good food!
They have this experience that, oh, yeah, it doesn’t count how—will I stay that lengthy or just experience like I lived that lengthy? But no, it’s genuinely the fine of both worlds.Some of the yummiest, like berries, proper?
Wait a 2d. Tastes remarkable and you get to live longer?That’s what plant-primarily based consuming is all about Gianna Thanks for tuning within, Love, Giana, and… [silence].
You have to mention, “ .” I didn’t know my line. Where’s my cue card?