Author: Victoria Aly
Time for reading: ~27
minutes
Last Updated:
August 08, 2022
Learn more information about chicken pasta. In this article we'll discuss chicken pasta.
Happy to be here.
i'm a health practitioner, that specialize in way of life remedy the use of food regimen and workout no longer most effective prevent disease, but to treat and opposite it as well.
And all of it truly goes back to my grandma. You know, I think the spark for lots kids to need to be a medical doctor when they develop up is watching a grandparent get unwell or even die, but for me become watching my grandma get higher.She changed into recognized with give up degree heart sickness.
Already had such a lot of pass surgeries, nothing extra the docs ought to do. She become despatched domestic within a wheel chair to die.Crushing chest ache.
But then she heard approximately this guy, Nathan Pritikin, certainly one of our early lifestyle medication pioneers, and what came about subsequent is honestly specified in Pritikin’s biography, to speak about Frances , my grandma.They wheeled her in, and she walked out a few weeks later.
She turned into on foot 10 miles an afternoon, and though she became given her medical loss of life sentence at age 65, way to a healthful diet was able to revel in any other 31 years on earth to age 96, to hold to revel in her six grandkids such as me. So that’s why I went into remedy.That’s why I practice the sort of remedy I do, way of life remedy.
I just need to do in your family what Pritikin did for my family.
Gianna That’s terrific. First query:how a lot fats and protein can we want day by day?
What are the satisfactory assets? And how an awful lot should athletes be eating?Well, , we don’t devour macro nutrients;
we don’t eat micro nutrients.You want Paleo junk meals, we’ll give you vegan junk food, we’ll provide you with fats unfastened junk food, we’ll give you… I mean any kind of junk food you need as it’s all approximately macro nutrients or it’s all approximately anything unique component, right?
On Fruit Loops, they are able to say, “with fiber, diet D” with all these items, and that offers us this type of fitness halo, while in fact it need to all be about meals. And the reason people don’t communicate about food is there’s no cash to be made in food.In reality, deliver goes bad;
Can’t take a seat at the shelf like a Twinkie for a couple weeks.
And appearance, even a broccoli grower isn't always going to put an ad on television for broccoli because, you know, they’ll simply buy a competitor’s broccoli. There’s just no money to be made.You’re in no way going to see an ad on tv for candy potatoes because there’s just no money to be made.
That’s no longer in which the profit is. The gadget is installation to praise simply the unhealthiest however most worthwhile conduct.And so, I mean, so that’s simply kind of falling into the food industry’s trap to speak of kind of this reductionist view of nutrients in place of meals.
Like What’s The Best Food, Right?
Well, carbs are jelly beans or kidney beans, lentils or lollipops.
They’re both carbs, right? I suggest so fats, fats’s walnuts or lard, proper?So that’s why you may’t speak about it.
That’s why the industry wants you to talk like that, however it definitely has to come back all the way down to is what are the healthiest foods? So like, appearance, the dairy industry can say “the calcium in dairy.” Yeah, you know what else is within dairy?It’s the primary source of saturated fat in this U.S.
People assume like steak or something. No, the number one supply of saturated fat is dairy, yes, the primary source of calcium, but sure, there’s protein in red meat, sure, there’s iron in red meat, proper?
But What About The Baggage That Comes Along With All Those Nutrients?
I imply as lots as Burger King says you may “have it your manner,” you could’t be like, “Yeah, can i get the protein however keep the saturated fat, hold the hormones, keep the ldl cholesterol.” I understand, it’s a bundle— meals is a package deal deal. So the issue about that, so in case you get your calcium from, you recognize, darkish inexperienced leafy veggies alternatively, then it’s like, properly, the luggage is clearly a bonus.You get the fiber and the folate and the iron and the antioxidants—all these things missing from form of the dairy supply.
So that’s how we assume within terms of meals. So in case you question me what are the high-quality meals that manifest to have fat in them, properly, it'd be nuts, seeds, avocados, because then it’s just—you just get the bonus in place of the baggage.In terms of protein sources, all and sundry who doesn’t recognise a way to get protein on a plant-based totally food plan doesn’t recognise beans, proper?
Beans, cut up peas, chickpeas, lentils, legumes—the protein superstars of the plant nation. And then also a number of the entire grains, nuts and seeds and all styles of matters.So whole plant ingredients are the healthiest way to get almost all your vitamins, and that’s honestly, I think, how we ought to consider the ones macro vitamins.
Gianna Question number two:What Are Your Thoughts On Alkaline And Distilled Water, And Which Is Best For Athletes?
Most of the kind of alkaline water nonsense is simply bogus, scam type of stuff.
i've a video on NutritionFacts.org that is going into the technology round that. Distilled water just type of appears a waste of strength to me.I imply it’s the identical factor with like, you already know, sort of reverse osmosis distillation;
it’s just a completely kind of wasteful procedure. But you could get rid of a few little trace minerals, however that’s not truely the problem.I mean faucet water is normally the cheapest, most secure source of drinking water.
Gianna What approximately fluoride in it? Fluoride is the purpose why we don’t grow vintage and lose all our tooth.Gianna Should we be eating fluoride though?
It’s not necessary, however from a public fitness viewpoint—rich people can go to the dentist and come up with the money for all varieties of gizmos, ultrasonic gizmos for his or her enamel—but from a public fitness scale, I imply that’s the way you attain impoverished populations which won't have the dental care which you have, and so when you have a dental trouble, no massive deal, go to the dentist, right? But if they have a dental hassle, they could lose their tooth, which means that losing a number of their nutrition or being within chronic pain.And definitely from a public health perspective fluoridated water is—within reality, according to the Center for Disease Control, one of the finest public fitness innovations during the last century.
Gianna Question number three: are there any pointers or unique recommendations for women who pick to devour a plant-based totally weight loss plan at the same time as pregnant, and who also choose to elevate children plant primarily based after the breast milk degree if over?When you’re consuming for two it’s simply that rather more important to get all the vitamins you need, and so it’s essentially all the equal advice you’d deliver to each person ingesting a healthful weight-reduction plan, ingesting a plant-primarily based food regimen.
Critically essential: diet B12.So there’s vitamins that aren’t made via plants.
One’s nutrition D, that is made by using animals together with yourself whilst you stroll outside; it’s the sunshine vitamin.And the alternative one’s diet B12.
Not made via vegetation, no longer made by animals either; made via little microbes that blanket the earth.So, you recognize, we should get all of the B12 we needed ingesting well water or out of a mountain or some thing a long term ago, but now we chlorinate our water supply to kill off any bacteria, so we don’t have a variety of B12 within our water any more.
Don’t get numerous cholera either. It’s an excellent aspect that we live within a pleasant sanitary international, but because of that we want to get a ordinary dependable supply of B12.Critically critical, especially for pregnant ladies, however for every body.
During being pregnant iodine’s vital, a mineral often lacking from prenatal vitamins, so it’s crucial, if you’re getting a prenatal, to make certain it has iodine. Recommended day by day allowance is 150 micrograms a day.
Gianna And For Children Being Raised Vegan, Do You Recommend Any Books Or Any Videos To Watch?
Is That Something That You Would Recommend To Raise Children Whole Food, Plant Based?
Should we boost our youngsters healthful?I say sure, indeed, and so does the maximum esteemed pediatrician within human records, Benjamin Spock, within the 7th edition of Child and Baby Care, which is like one of the quality-promoting books ever, 2d simplest to the Bible possibly in this United States.
Where in his last edition he wrote, within his 90s earlier than he died, encouraged all kids be raised with zero publicity to meat and dairy, and he did that due to the fact he should see what the grandparents had been dying from and see this burgeoning adolescence obesity epidemic. So sincerely we need to improve our children in the healthiest viable way.That method no longer having them smoke cigarettes.
That method having them put on seat belts, smoke alarms inside the domestic, and a whole food, plant-based totally diet—truly primary, easy. And even the ADA, well, what’s now the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, in their authentic position paper says strictly plant-based totally diets are suitable for all levels of the way of life, which includes pregnancy and infancy and on through vintage age.So absolutely, we ought to all be elevating healthful children, and in reality, Scott Stoll is currently writing a e-book on raising vegan kids;
he’s got six, so he is aware of one or two matters approximately it. Gianna good enough, number four:please help provide an explanation for soy and hormones, and why each men and women need no longer fear it.
Soy is a misunderstood bean. All sorts of nuttiness out on the internet.If you examine the science, though, it’s really simply form of a super clinical consensus in phrases of humans.
I suggest, the laboratory animal experiences, it relies upon in case you’re a hamster or a rat, or special traces of mice have exclusive consequences. When we finally had human statistics, so as an example breast most cancers, you may see issues at the internet approximately, appearance, soy has phytoestrogens.
When You Think Of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer, Should Women With Breast Cancer Be Eating Soy?
And so we didn’t understand till 2004, the first study that virtually put it to the check and actually observed breast most cancers survivors, some that ate soy and a few that didn’t, simply to look who lived longer, who had less breast cancer recurrence. And within that poll and within all of five reports executed to this point, every single one observed that women with breast cancer, whether estrogen receptor wonderful or negative, whether they were on Tamoxifen or not—all continuously extra survival;positioned all of them collectively, extra survival, decrease most cancers recurrence rate.
And so we’ve recognised that eating soy, specially in the course of formative years, can reduce the chance of getting breast cancer in the first location, but now we comprehend it’s associated with improved survival as properly. So wait a second.How is that possible whilst it has estrogenic effects?
Well, no, see you don’t recognize. There’s sincerely styles of estrogen receptor cells—it’s an extended scenario:alpha, beta—so essentially your own estrogen, your endogenous estrogen produced by means of your ovaries attaches preferentially to alpha receptors.
Soy attaches to a distinct kind of estrogen receptors. So it matters, the results of soy at the body topics on the ratio of these unique receptors and unique organs of the body.And so it virtually has pro-estrogen effects in which you need it, like inside the bones, skeleton.
It clearly reduces bone loss compared to dairy milk, as an example, in stories of soy milk. But it has android estrogenic outcomes wherein you want it, as an example within the breast, lowering breast most cancers chance and improving breast most cancers survival.So it’s what’s referred to as a selective estrogen receptor modulator, a fancy term for essentially the first-class of all worlds.
So it reduces warm flashes, anti-estrogen effect, strengthens the bones, seasoned-estrogenic impact, reduces breast most cancers hazard. And so that you don’t need to consume it;all the legumes are healthful, and that i inspire human beings to consume complete soy sources like edamame, immature inexperienced soybeans;
you could get frozen bags of it, sprinkle it on your salad, a brilliant preference. Tempeh, miso, those are all complete soy foods, in addition to a number of the greater processed stuff.And so you appearance in the medical literature, it’s clean.
We’ve got tons of films about it. So yeah, you simply don’t consider the craziness you read on the net.Gianna And only for the males accessible which are involved that they may develop breasts or some thing like that from soy.
Can We Help Debunk That For Men, So They Don’t Fear It As Well?
Sure.So there’s three case reports in literature of gynecomastia with immoderate soy intake.
But by using immoderate soy—they were literally consuming gallons of soy milk an afternoon, so I neglect… I suppose some human beings, like 40 servings of soy a day, and at that degree you may without a doubt get sufficient alpha receptor activity to honestly have seasoned-estrogenic results. So the answer isn't to avoid soy, however not drink four gallons of soy milk an afternoon.
Gianna So Men Aren’t Going To Grow Breasts If They’re Eating Soy Here And There?
No, and actually it'd be healthful. So soy intake in men is associated with decrease prostate cancer danger, that's the primary most cancers killer particular to guys.Gianna ok, query wide variety five:
Can A Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Help Heal Autoimmune Diseases Like Thyroid Issues And Colitis?
So eating an anti-inflammatory food plan, no surprise, can be one of the excellent dietary remedies for inflammatory diseases within widespread, which includes vehicle-immune disease.So as an instance, multiple sclerosis, which is an car-immune disease in which your body attacks your own nerves, the unmarried quality recorded intervention—medical, surgical, some thing, no capsules—have ever beaten out a plant-based totally weight-reduction plan:
Roy Swank’s anti-MS food plan, so the most effective. So it’s now not just more secure, less expensive.No, the simplest treatment ever posted inside the peer reviewed scientific clinical literature, a plant-primarily based weight-reduction plan.
Chron’s sickness, same element. A study out of Japan the use of a plant-primarily based food regimen, a number of the excellent relapse prevention shares ever.Chron’s ailment is an auto-immune inflammatory bowel ailment.
Rheumatoid arthritis, one of the most effective interventions for rheumatoid arthritis—whether we’re speaking about objective measures which include grip energy and inflammatory markers inside the blood movement or just within phrases of quality of lifestyles for humans affected by these diseases. Auto-immune ailment, we just don’t have a number of suitable insights for.We have insights, so the Adventist 2 study discovered that folks that devour strictly plant-based totally diets have the best shares of what’s called euthyroid thyroid, that means ordinary thyroid function, and so it may save you thyroid troubles.
But there’s by no means been any study that truly placed plant-primarily based diets to the check in phrases of treating thyroid disfunction, unless we’re talking approximately something like iodine deficiency. There’s different sorts of inflammatory illnesses that we don’t have records for, however it would make sense if it really works for all these different car-immune sicknesses, it works for those different inflammatory diseases, an anti-inflammatory weight-reduction plan would have this impact.And a part of that anti inflammatory strength is from the fiber.
You say, fiber? Who could assume fiber?We suppose like bowel fitness or some thing.
It’s simply type of an inert substance. Not at all.We can’t digest fiber, however our exact intestine bacteria can.
We have trillions of bacteria within our gut. And we used to suppose that turned into just gut fitness, but now we recognize that our microbiome, our pleasant vegetation down in our colon honestly can have consequences on our immune device, even our mental health.
And What Do They Eat, What Do Our Good Bugs Eat?
They eat prebiotics, which is fiber and resistant starch observed within abundance in simplest one vicinity: whole plant foods, and a number of those compounds have anti-inflammatory outcomes.They’re spoil down merchandise of fiber;
they get absorbed into your system and circulated for the duration of your body. So that’s one of the reasons why plant-based diets are so anti-inflammatory.Gianna Number six:
What are your thoughts on nutrients and dietary supplements, vegan primarily based, both taken orally or intravenously like diet C drips? Well, honestly diet B12 is seriously vital for everyone eating a healthy diet, so I’d suggest 2500 micrograms of what’s referred to as cyanocobalamin, which is the most inexpensive supply.Once a week is all you want.
Costs less than $5 a yr. You’re going to get all of the B12 you need, however significantly critical from a regular dependable supply.If you’re now not getting enough solar… Now, if you’re light skinned sufficient and younger sufficient and skinny sufficient and stay at a range that’s sunny enough, then getting 10, 15 mins of mid-day sun, you’ll get all of the vitamin D you need.
But it doesn’t rely how sunny it is in case you’re stuck at a table activity all day, now not getting outside, wherein case you’d want to complement your eating regimen with vitamin D, the sunshine diet. I advocate 2,000 global units of nutrition D3 an afternoon.So, I imply intravenous vitamin C has been used as a most cancers treatment, going back to the Seventies with Linus Pauling’s paintings.
It changed into in view that—exciting—form of debunked via Mayo Clinic, wherein they gave people a whole bunch of diet C; didn’t see the kind of fabulous results that were in the beginning visible, however they had been using oral vitamin C.We used to suppose, properly, oral vitamin C is the same as intravenous vitamin C, but no, our frame truly clamps down on diet C absorption.
At very small doses it doesn’t matter both manner, you’ll absorb it all. But once your body receives over approximately 200, 250 milligrams of diet C—which is set five servings of end result and vegetables worth—your body starts clamping “that’s a bit an excessive amount of.” Your frame starts offevolved clamping down on absorption, so they genuinely weren’t exposed to the equal quantity.And so i have an entire series of videos on intravenous vitamin C for most cancers in case you’re interested in that;
I inspire human beings to test it out. Gianna Should we be cooking cru—your favorite—need to we be cooking cruciferous vegetables, like steaming broccoli, or is blending raw kale in a smoothie powerful sufficient, and is it bad for the thyroid to devour them raw? Oh, my God.We must consume cruciferous greens within whichever manner gets us to devour the most of them.
You like raw broccoli? Eat raw broccoli.You like steamed broccoli?
Eat steamed. Whichever manner will get you to eat the most.In truth cruciferous veggies are certainly one of my Daily Dozen.
It’s a loose app on iPhone, Android: “ ’s Daily Dozen.” I talk approximately all the meals I encourage people to get and in shape into their day by day habitual.So, you realize, vegetables each day are the healthies veggies, beans each day, berries every day are the healthiest fruits.
A tablespoon of ground flaxseeds, 1 / 4 teaspoon of floor turmeric. You recognise, the quality beverage, the satisfactory sweeteners, how a lot exercise to get—simply to type of inspire people to try to healthy some of the healthies of healthful foods into the diet.And one of those bins I inspire human beings to tick off each day, you’re no longer going to match—you’re now not going to test off the day until you get a few form of cruciferous greens, which is about a 1/2 cup of cooked cruciferous veggies, about a cup of uncooked.
And so that’s like kale, collards, bok choy, and Brussels sprouts, and collard vegetables, these types of exquisite veggies. And so essentially however you get them for your food plan, the higher.During the summertime, inexperienced smoothies are a superb go-to way to get greens to your breakfast.
And I type of damage some white beans within my oatmeal just to get my legumes, got to check the ones off. But, yeah, placed them within a smoothie, placed them everywhere;so long as you’re getting veggies, that’s the maximum essential aspect.
Now you may overdo, I mean you can overdo uncooked cruciferous vegetables that have this so known as goitrogenic compounds which are discovered in masses of healthy meals, now not handiest broccoli, but also flaxseeds and some of different healthy things. But the reply is not to keep away from those definitely healthy ingredients;it’s simply to get enough iodine due to the fact those goitrogenic compounds simply intrude with the uptake of iodine, which is the thyroid gland.
So if you’re truely marginally now not getting enough iodine, then eating a variety of broccoli and cruciferous can virtually affect your levels. So the answer, you simply make sure you’re getting a supply of iodine;the healthiest one is sea greens, so that you like munch on those seaweed snacks, after which much like dark green leafies as a snack.
Ah! I mean the more approaches you may get them into your weight loss plan, the higher.There was this well-known case inside the New England Journal of Medicine, a lady who—I forget about, it turned into like actually heaps of pounds of uncooked bok choy, she become on a few loopy eating regimen, and actually did run into thyroid issues, so 1000 kilos… adequate, but… Gianna It’s just like the soy.
…I inspire humans, right. And look, we’re talking about meals with medicinal results.I imply we need to assume like if you could consume as a lot—I mean if there’s a vast quantity of some thing that you may be exposed to, possibly doesn’t have an awful lot “uumph” to it, right?
But the truth that, look, no, a number of those meals may have effective consequences on our biology, so no surprise that there’s a sure stage that you need to live through, but thankfully they’re all effortlessly through any form of usual culinary dose. Gianna Number eight:is sprouting nuts, seeds, grains and beans better for digestion?
If so, why? Oh, nicely, see, part of the motive that human beings soak or sprout nuts is to remove the phytates.So there was this thought, based totally on studies on dogs back inside the ‘50s, that phytates had been mineral inhibitors.
And so the way you can do away with the phytates, you soak nuts or you sprout nuts to do away with the phytates, and then you definitely’d maximize your calcium absorption and other essential minerals. But we now recognise not only is that now not the case, but phytates are truely healthy for you, genuinely beneficial effects of phytates, so we ought to sincerely try to get as tons phytates in our food plan as feasible, and the manner we do that is with the aid of consuming our nuts un-sprouted, eating our nuts un-soaked.And so, yeah, I inspire people to eat raw nuts, seeds, and seed butters.
The motive we’d as an alternative not roast them is because of the formation of AGE’s, Advanced Glycation End products, that are these glycotoxins related to elevated chance of kidney ailment and Alzheimer’s and improved getting old and every type of actually bad matters. And it’s shaped whilst excessive fats, excessive protein foods are uncovered to extremely excessive warmness, dry warmness.And so nearly all AGE exposure is meat—so like barbequed hot dogs, so barbequed, grilling, grilled chook, that type of element—extremely excessive.
So in case you take a look at it, whereas plant ingredients have almost not anything regardless of what you do—I imply you can grill a bell pepper and also you’re not going to deliver a hassle, however there are uncommon plant foods which might be excessive within protein consequences, along with nuts, including soy. So we should really, preferably should no longer—like Cajun blackened tofu, not a very good idea on a regular basis due to those a while.So that’s why we honestly shouldn’t roast our nuts.
Gianna And Why Do You Recommend Nut Butters As Opposed To Just The Whole Nut?
Oh, definitely entire nuts are better because you really bite down to little particles—irrespective of how properly you chunk, you typically simplest fracture all the way down to about 2 mm, that's 1000 times larger than the debris discovered in nut butters.And the reason that’s essential is because the ones cellular walls and those little cubes, which contain masses of hundreds of intact walls, definitely shield all of the nutrients inner from absorption to your small gut, and that creates a bounty for our gut plants.
So whilst we eat just acellular meals, powders like flour merchandise, despite the fact that it’s 100% complete wheat flour—so if we consume 100% complete wheat flour bread or pasta or something, we’re getting all the vitamins; they didn’t get rid of the fiber, but all of the vitamins are out, uncovered to be absorbed.They get absorbed in the small intestine, leaving little or no for our intestine vegetation at the cease.
Whereas if you devour entire intact grains or whole beans, then there is really these little clumps of meals that’s leftover for our true bacteria, and that improves our gut health and improves our microbiome. Gianna i like it.Since a lot of our soil is depleted of minerals, wherein are we able to get excellent assets of minerals?
So that’s some scammy trace mineral vendor talk. Somebody should look at crop nutrient decline during the last 1/2 century, maybe 15%.So human beings seeking to sell you mineral dietary supplements will make this, will say, oh, our plants are depleted, just because they’re seeking to promote you something.
We can clearly take a look at the records; the USDA tracks vitamins inside the soil going back for a century:15% decrement.
So meaning, ok, in place of five florets of broccoli, now you have to devour six florets of broccoli in preference to a half century in the past. Fine, devour six florets of broccoli.There’s no want to take mineral dietary supplements.
Gianna ok. Number ten: For those who say every person’s specific, so we all require extraordinary diets.Yeah.
Gianna What is your recommendation in this, and does a whole meals, plant-based totally food regimen assist us stay longer, healthier lives, all and sundry? So, it’s not like—like at a zoo, there’s a gorilla food plan and there’s a lemur weight loss plan.It’s no longer like, oh, you’re lemur #12, so that you get a few loopy food plan.
No, there’s a diet that’s certainly tuned to our biology. We evolved for hundreds of thousands of years.So we broke from our ultimate tremendous ape ancestors about 20 million years ago.
So for the primary 90% of our evolution till about 2 million years in the past we ate what our fellow notable apes ate, which is essentially vegetables and fruit. We were a plant-based food regimen, almost completely plant-primarily based weight loss plan, and most effective in the closing 10% of our evolution did we begin knowing a way to make tools and hunting, and so forth.And so our biology is tuned to ingesting entire food, plant based—so no wonder that the identical type of eating regimen that reverses heart disorder, the number one killer of women and men, is the same weight loss program that still reverses diabetes, and the same food plan that reverses excessive blood pressure.
And So A Kidney Healthy Diet, Is A Liver Healthy Diet, Is A Brain Healthy Diet, Right?
And it all makes experience because, look, the anti-inflammatory food regimen is a diet that facilitates your arteries anywhere all through your frame.I imply, appearance, if that’s all a plant-based diet could do, reverse the primary killer of men and women, shouldn’t that be sort of the default eating regimen till established otherwise?
In reality that it can additionally prevent or opposite other leading killers could appear to make the case for plant-primarily based ingesting without a doubt overwhelming. Gianna We have one bonus question.Bonus!
What do ya’ were given?Gianna What Is The Most Effective Way To Help People Convert To Being Plant Based?
So I think sharing sources with them.
So from time to time it’s tough; humans positioned up their defenses while someone attempts—while everybody involves us with a few new concept that conflicts with what we accept as true with, there’s just this form of herbal reaction to form of need to maintain on.That’s why sharing type of 1/3-party sources:
“Here’s a super documentary, right here’s a extremely good internet site, here’s a terrific e book,” after which they are able to sort of take it in on themselves, after which form of the motivation comes from through as opposed to feeling a person’s attempting to tell them to do something. So that’s considered one of my favored approaches.And share terrific meals!
They have this sense that, oh, yeah, it doesn’t matter how—will I live that long or just experience like I lived that long? But no, it’s in reality the satisfactory of both worlds.Some of the yummiest, like berries, right?
Wait a 2nd. Tastes extremely good and you get to live longer?That’s what plant-primarily based ingesting is all about Gianna Thanks for tuning in, Love, Giana, and… [silence].
You have to mention, “ .” I didn’t know my line. Where’s my cue card?