A Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, vegetables and fish reduces the risk of Parkinson's disease, a study shows.
Healthy eating habits reduce the risk of incurable brain disease by 46%.
The finding, published in the European Journal of Neurology , supports earlier studies showing that the Mediterranean diet plays a key role in preventing the disease, which affects more than 6 million people worldwide.
It is not yet clear why certain foods have a protective effect.
According to some studies, one of the factors in the development of Parkinson's disease is oxidative stress. Because they contain high levels of antioxidants, the consumption of fruits, vegetables, fish and legumes helps block the harmful effects of free radicals that damage the cell membrane, various cell proteins and the functions of mitochondria in the cell.
In the current study, researchers at the University of Tokyo evaluated the eating habits of 249 recently diagnosed Parkinson's patients and compared them with those of 368 healthy volunteers.
The experts divided the participants into three groups - following a "healthy diet", including fresh fruits, vegetables, fish, legumes, mushrooms, algae; following a "Western diet", with the consumption of more red and processed meat and foods high in animal fats; consuming "light meals".
The latter two diets have been shown to have no protective effect against Parkinson's disease.
The results show that people in the first group who eat the most antioxidants in their diet have a significantly lower risk of developing the disease than those who consume the least healthy foods.