Author: Maryam Ayres
Time for reading: ~27
minutes
Last Updated:
February 15, 2026
Learn more information about vitamins for liver. In this article we'll discuss vitamins for liver.
Happy to be here.
i'm a doctor, focusing on life-style medicine the use of weight loss program and exercising now not only prevent disorder, but to deal with and reverse it as properly.
And all of it simply is going lower back to my grandma. You realize, I suppose the spark for lots youngsters to need to be a doctor when they grow up is looking a grandparent get ill or even die, however for me was looking my grandma get better.She become recognized with end level heart disease.
Already had so many skip surgeries, not anything more the doctors ought to do. She turned into despatched home within a wheel chair to die.Crushing chest pain.
But then she heard approximately this man, Nathan Pritikin, one among our early life-style remedy pioneers, and what came about subsequent is certainly targeted in Pritikin’s biography, to talk about Frances , my grandma.They wheeled her within, and she walked out a few weeks later.
She changed into walking 10 miles an afternoon, and even though she turned into given her clinical dying sentence at age 65, thanks to a healthy eating regimen became able to enjoy some other 31 years in the world to age 96, to keep to experience her six grandkids consisting of me. So that’s why I went into remedy.That’s why I practice the form of remedy I do, way of life medication.
I just need to do to your family what Pritikin did for my circle of relatives.
Gianna That’s notable. First question:how a whole lot fats and protein do we want each day?
What are the exceptional assets? And how a good deal must athletes be consuming?Well, you know, we don’t eat macro nutrients;
we don’t devour micro vitamins.You need Paleo junk meals, we’ll give you vegan junk meals, we’ll provide you with fat loose junk meals, we’ll give you… I mean any form of junk food you need as it’s all approximately macro nutrients or it’s all approximately whatever particular thing, right?
On Fruit Loops, they can say, “with fiber, diet D” with all these things, and that offers us this sort of fitness halo, whilst within fact it have to all be about meals. And the motive people don’t speak approximately meals is there’s no cash to be made in meals.In truth, offer goes awful;
Can’t sit at the shelf like a Twinkie for a couple weeks.
And look, even a broccoli grower isn't going to position an ad on tv for broccoli due to the fact, you realize, they’ll just buy a competitor’s broccoli. There’s just no cash to be made.You’re by no means going to see an advert on television for sweet potatoes because there’s simply no cash to be made.
That’s no longer wherein the earnings is. The gadget is installation to reward just the unhealthiest however most worthwhile behavior.And so, I mean, so that’s simply type of falling into the meals enterprise’s entice to speak of form of this reductionist view of nutrients instead of meals.
Like What’s The Best Food, Right?
Well, carbs are jelly beans or kidney beans, lentils or lollipops.
They’re both carbs, proper? I mean so fat, fats’s walnuts or lard, proper?So that’s why you could’t communicate approximately it.
That’s why the industry wishes you to talk like that, however it definitely has to come back all the way down to is what are the healthiest meals? So like, look, the dairy industry can say “the calcium within dairy.” Yeah, you know what else is within dairy?It’s the primary supply of saturated fat on this us of a.
People assume like steak or some thing. No, the primary source of saturated fats is dairy, sure, the number one supply of calcium, however yes, there’s protein within beef, yes, there’s iron in pork, right?
But What About The Baggage That Comes Along With All Those Nutrients?
I imply as much as Burger King says you could “have it your way,” you may’t be like, “Yeah, can i am getting the protein but preserve the saturated fat, keep the hormones, preserve the cholesterol.” I realize, it’s a package— food is a package deal deal. So the aspect about that, so in case you get your calcium from, you know, darkish green leafy greens alternatively, then it’s like, well, the baggage is simply an advantage.You get the fiber and the folate and the iron and the antioxidants—all these things missing from sort of the dairy supply.
So that’s how we assume in terms of food. So if you question me what are the first-class foods that occur to have fats in them, well, it might be nuts, seeds, avocados, due to the fact then it’s simply—you simply get the bonus instead of the baggage.In phrases of protein sources, all people who doesn’t realize the way to get protein on a plant-primarily based diet doesn’t recognise beans, proper?
Beans, break up peas, chickpeas, lentils, legumes—the protein superstars of the plant state. And then additionally some of the complete grains, nuts and seeds and all styles of matters.So whole plant foods are the healthiest way to get almost all your vitamins, and that’s sincerely, I assume, how we need to reflect onconsideration on the ones macro nutrients.
Gianna Question quantity two:What Are Your Thoughts On Alkaline And Distilled Water, And Which Is Best For Athletes?
Most of the kind of alkaline water nonsense is just bogus, rip-off form of stuff.
i've a video on NutritionFacts.org that goes into the technological know-how round that. Distilled water simply sort of appears a waste of energy to me.I imply it’s the equal issue with like, you already know, form of opposite osmosis distillation;
it’s simply a very form of wasteful method. But you could take away a few little trace minerals, however that’s no longer virtually the problem.I suggest faucet water is usually the most inexpensive, safest source of drinking water.
Gianna What approximately fluoride within it? Fluoride is the reason why we don’t grow antique and lose all our teeth.Gianna Should we be consuming fluoride even though?
It’s no longer necessary, however from a public health viewpoint—wealthy human beings can visit the dentist and afford all types of gizmos, ultrasonic gizmos for their teeth—but from a public fitness scale, I imply that’s how you reach impoverished populations which might not have the dental care that you have, and so if you have a dental problem, no big deal, visit the dentist, right? But in the event that they have a dental trouble, they may lose their enamel, this means that losing a variety of their nutrition or being in continual pain.And virtually from a public health standpoint fluoridated water is—within reality, consistent with the Center for Disease Control, one of the finest public health improvements over the last century.
Gianna Question number three: are there any pointers or special guidelines for women who choose to eat a plant-based food regimen while pregnant, and who additionally choose to elevate youngsters plant based after the breast milk degree if over?When you’re eating for 2 it’s just that rather more essential to get all the nutrients you need, and so it’s essentially all the same advice you’d give to each person eating a healthy weight loss program, eating a plant-based totally weight loss program.
Critically vital: diet B12.So there’s nutrients that aren’t made via plant life.
One’s nutrition D, that is made with the aid of animals including yourself whilst you walk outside; it’s the light nutrition.And the other one’s diet B12.
Not made through vegetation, not made by animals either; made through little microbes that blanket the earth.So, you recognize, we may want to get all the B12 we wished ingesting nicely water or out of a mountain or some thing a long term in the past, however now we chlorinate our water supply to kill off any bacteria, so we don’t have a number of B12 within our water any extra.
Don’t get a number of cholera both. It’s a very good element that we stay within a pleasant sanitary global, but due to that we need to get a ordinary dependable supply of B12.Critically important, specially for pregnant ladies, but for every person.
During pregnancy iodine’s crucial, a mineral frequently lacking from prenatal vitamins, so it’s critical, if you’re getting a prenatal, to ensure it has iodine. Recommended day by day allowance is 150 micrograms an afternoon.
Gianna And For Children Being Raised Vegan, Do You Recommend Any Books Or Any Videos To Watch?
Is That Something That You Would Recommend To Raise Children Whole Food, Plant Based?
Should we increase our children healthful?I say yes, certainly, and so does the maximum esteemed pediatrician in human history, Benjamin Spock, inside the 7th edition of Child and Baby Care, that's like one of the high-quality-selling books ever, second only to the Bible possibly in this us of a.
Where within his last version he wrote, in his 90s before he died, encouraged all kids be raised with zero publicity to meat and dairy, and he did that due to the fact he ought to see what the grandparents had been demise from and see this burgeoning childhood obesity epidemic. So honestly we ought to increase our kids within the healthiest viable way.That method not having them smoke cigarettes.
That method having them placed on seat belts, smoke alarms inside the home, and an entire food, plant-based totally food regimen—sincerely basic, easy. And even the ADA, properly, what’s now the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, in their official function paper says strictly plant-based totally diets are appropriate for all degrees of the life-style, including being pregnant and infancy and on via antique age.So genuinely, we have to all be elevating wholesome youngsters, and in fact, Scott Stoll is currently writing a e-book on raising vegan youngsters;
he’s got six, so he is aware of one or two matters about it. Gianna good enough, variety four:please assist explain soy and hormones, and why each men and women want not fear it.
Soy is a misunderstood bean. All sorts of nuttiness out on the net.If you examine the technology, though, it’s truely simply form of a superb medical consensus in phrases of humans.
I mean, the laboratory animal reviews, it depends if you’re a hamster or a rat, or distinctive strains of mice have exceptional outcomes. When we subsequently had human information, so for instance breast most cancers, you may see worries on the net approximately, look, soy has phytoestrogens.
When You Think Of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer, Should Women With Breast Cancer Be Eating Soy?
And so we didn’t know till 2004, the first study that absolutely put it to the take a look at and in fact observed breast most cancers survivors, some that ate soy and some that didn’t, simply to see who lived longer, who had much less breast most cancers recurrence. And in that research and in all of five experiences accomplished up to now, each unmarried one discovered that women with breast cancer, whether estrogen receptor wonderful or negative, whether they have been on Tamoxifen or not—all continuously extra survival;placed all of them collectively, extra survival, lower cancer recurrence price.
And so we’ve known that eating soy, especially at some point of early life, can lessen the chance of getting breast cancer inside the first area, however now we are aware of it’s related to advanced survival as properly. So wait a 2d.How is that viable when it has estrogenic consequences?
Well, no, see you don’t apprehend. There’s sincerely forms of estrogen receptor cells—it’s a protracted story:alpha, beta—so basically your very own estrogen, your endogenous estrogen produced through your ovaries attaches preferentially to alpha receptors.
Soy attaches to a one of a kind kind of estrogen receptors. So it subjects, the results of soy on the frame subjects at the ratio of these distinctive receptors and unique organs of the frame.And so it really has seasoned-estrogen consequences in which you want it, like inside the bones, skeleton.
It absolutely reduces bone loss compared to dairy milk, as an instance, in experiences of soy milk. But it has android estrogenic consequences wherein you need it, for instance inside the breast, decreasing breast cancer hazard and enhancing breast most cancers survival.So it’s what’s called a selective estrogen receptor modulator, a flowery time period for essentially the best of all worlds.
So it reduces hot flashes, anti-estrogen effect, strengthens the bones, seasoned-estrogenic impact, reduces breast most cancers hazard. And so that you don’t should eat it;all the legumes are wholesome, and i encourage humans to consume entire soy assets like edamame, immature inexperienced soybeans;
you can get frozen baggage of it, sprinkle it on your salad, a great preference. Tempeh, miso, these are all whole soy ingredients, in addition to some of the greater processed stuff.And so you look within the scientific literature, it’s clear.
We’ve got lots of films about it. So yeah, you just don’t accept as true with the craziness you study at the internet.Gianna And just for the men available which might be involved that they might grow breasts or some thing like that from soy.
Can We Help Debunk That For Men, So They Don’t Fear It As Well?
Sure.So there’s three case reviews within literature of gynecomastia with excessive soy intake.
But via excessive soy—they were literally consuming gallons of soy milk an afternoon, so I overlook… I think a few people, like 40 servings of soy a day, and at that level you can absolutely get enough alpha receptor hobby to without a doubt have pro-estrogenic consequences. So the option isn't to keep away from soy, but no longer drink four gallons of soy milk a day.
Gianna So Men Aren’t Going To Grow Breasts If They’re Eating Soy Here And There?
No, and actually it might be healthful. So soy consumption within guys is associated with lower prostate cancer danger, that is the number one cancer killer specific to guys.Gianna adequate, query number five:
Can A Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Help Heal Autoimmune Diseases Like Thyroid Issues And Colitis?
So ingesting an anti inflammatory weight-reduction plan, no surprise, may be one of the great nutritional treatments for inflammatory sicknesses within fashionable, such as vehicle-immune disorder.So for instance, more than one sclerosis, that's an car-immune sickness where your frame attacks your personal nerves, the single exceptional recorded intervention—scientific, surgical, whatever, no pills—have ever crushed out a plant-based eating regimen:
Roy Swank’s anti-MS weight loss program, so the handiest. So it’s no longer just more secure, less expensive.No, the most effective remedy ever posted in the peer reviewed medical clinical literature, a plant-based weight loss program.
Chron’s ailment, identical thing. A study out of Japan using a plant-based weight loss plan, some of the excellent relapse prevention rates ever.Chron’s ailment is an auto-immune inflammatory bowel ailment.
Rheumatoid arthritis, one of the most effective interventions for rheumatoid arthritis—whether or not we’re speakme approximately goal measures consisting of grip strength and inflammatory markers within the blood flow or just within terms of fine of lifestyles for people suffering from those illnesses. Auto-immune sickness, we simply don’t have a whole lot of true stats for.We have data, so the Adventist 2 research located that individuals who eat strictly plant-based diets have the very best rates of what’s called euthyroid thyroid, which means everyday thyroid function, and so it could save you thyroid problems.
But there’s by no means been any research that surely placed plant-primarily based diets to the take a look at within terms of treating thyroid disfunction, until we’re talking approximately something like iodine deficiency. There’s different styles of inflammatory diseases that we don’t have records for, however it would make sense if it really works for a lot of these other car-immune sicknesses, it really works for these different inflammatory sicknesses, an anti-inflammatory food plan might have this effect.And part of that anti inflammatory energy is from the fiber.
You say, fiber? Who would suppose fiber?We think like bowel health or something.
It’s simply form of an inert substance. Not in any respect.We can’t digest fiber, however our precise gut bacteria can.
We have trillions of bacteria within our gut. And we used to assume that changed into just gut health, but now we understand that our microbiome, our pleasant flora down in our colon without a doubt could have results on our immune machine, even our psychological health.
And What Do They Eat, What Do Our Good Bugs Eat?
They consume prebiotics, which is fiber and resistant starch discovered in abundance in most effective one location: entire plant foods, and some of those compounds have anti inflammatory effects.They’re wreck down merchandise of fiber;
they get absorbed into your gadget and circulated all through your frame. So that’s one of the motives why plant-primarily based diets are so anti-inflammatory.Gianna Number six:
What are your thoughts on nutrients and dietary supplements, vegan based, either taken orally or intravenously like nutrition C drips? Well, in reality nutrition B12 is seriously important for everyone ingesting a wholesome weight loss program, so I’d propose 2500 micrograms of what’s called cyanocobalamin, that is the most inexpensive source.Once a week is all you want.
Costs less than $5 a yr. You’re going to get all of the B12 you need, but severely vital from a regular dependable supply.If you’re not getting sufficient sun… Now, in case you’re mild skinned sufficient and young sufficient and skinny sufficient and live at a range that’s sunny sufficient, then getting 10, 15 minutes of mid-day sun, you’ll get all the vitamin D you need.
But it doesn’t be counted how sunny it is if you’re stuck at a table process all day, now not getting outside, wherein case you’d want to supplement your food plan with nutrition D, the light diet. I advise 2,000 global devices of nutrition D3 a day.So, I mean intravenous vitamin C has been used as a cancer treatment, going back to the Seventies with Linus Pauling’s work.
It become when you consider that—exciting—sort of debunked by way of Mayo Clinic, where they gave people a whole bunch of nutrition C; didn’t see the kind of extraordinary results that had been at the beginning visible, but they had been the use of oral vitamin C.We used to suppose, nicely, oral nutrition C is the same as intravenous nutrition C, however no, our body certainly clamps down on nutrition C absorption.
At very small doses it doesn’t count number either manner, you’ll absorb all of it. But once your body gets over about 200, 250 milligrams of vitamin C—which is about five servings of end result and greens worth—your body begins clamping “that’s a little an excessive amount of.” Your body starts offevolved clamping down on absorption, so they virtually weren’t exposed to the equal quantity.And so i have an entire shows of movies on intravenous diet C for most cancers in case you’re interested in that;
I encourage people to check it out. Gianna Should we be cooking cru—your favorite—have to we be cooking cruciferous veggies, like steaming broccoli, or is blending raw kale in a smoothie effective sufficient, and is it terrible for the thyroid to eat them uncooked? Oh, my God.We should consume cruciferous greens in whichever manner gets us to eat the maximum of them.
You like raw broccoli? Eat uncooked broccoli.You like steamed broccoli?
Eat steamed. Whichever manner gets you to devour the most.In truth cruciferous veggies are one in all my Daily Dozen.
It’s a free app on iPhone, Android: “ ’s Daily Dozen.” I talk approximately all the meals I encourage humans to get and suit into their daily recurring.So, you know, vegetables each day are the healthies veggies, beans each day, berries every day are the healthiest culmination.
A tablespoon of ground flaxseeds, 1 / 4 teaspoon of ground turmeric. You understand, the best beverage, the best sweeteners, how an awful lot workout to get—just to type of inspire human beings to try to healthy a number of the healthies of healthy foods into the weight loss plan.And one of these bins I inspire human beings to tick off every day, you’re now not going to in shape—you’re no longer going to test off the day until you get a few form of cruciferous greens, which is set a half of cup of cooked cruciferous greens, approximately a cup of raw.
And in order that’s like kale, collards, bok choy, and Brussels sprouts, and collard greens, a majority of these first-rate veggies. And so essentially however you get them for your weight loss program, the better.During the summertime, inexperienced smoothies are a brilliant go-to way to get vegetables on your breakfast.
And I sort of smash a few white beans within my oatmeal simply to get my legumes, were given to test those off. But, yeah, put them in a smoothie, placed them everywhere;as long as you’re getting vegetables, that’s the most crucial component.
Now you can overdo, I imply you could overdo raw cruciferous greens that have this so referred to as goitrogenic compounds that are observed within lots of healthful meals, no longer most effective broccoli, however additionally flaxseeds and a number of other wholesome things. But the option isn't to avoid those in reality healthy foods;it’s simply to get sufficient iodine because these goitrogenic compounds simply intervene with the uptake of iodine, that's the thyroid gland.
So in case you’re truly marginally no longer getting sufficient iodine, then eating quite a few broccoli and cruciferous can definitely have an effect on your ranges. So the reply, you simply make sure you’re getting a source of iodine;the healthiest one is sea greens, so you like munch on the ones seaweed snacks, and then just like dark green leafies as a snack.
Ah! I imply the greater ways you could get them into your eating regimen, the better.There turned into this well-known case in the New England Journal of Medicine, a female who—I neglect, it became like actually thousands of pounds of uncooked bok choy, she was on some crazy weight-reduction plan, and in fact did run into thyroid issues, so 1000 kilos… good enough, however… Gianna It’s just like the soy.
…I inspire humans, right. And appearance, we’re speakme about meals with medicinal consequences.I mean we ought to expect like if you can devour as an awful lot—I suggest if there’s an infinite amount of some thing that you could be uncovered to, possibly doesn’t have lots “uumph” to it, proper?
But the truth that, appearance, no, a number of these ingredients could have effective outcomes on our biology, so no surprise that there’s a sure degree that you want to live within, however luckily they’re all easily within any kind of traditional culinary dose. Gianna Number eight:is sprouting nuts, seeds, grains and beans better for digestion?
If so, why? Oh, well, see, part of the motive that human beings soak or sprout nuts is to cast off the phytates.So there has been this concept, primarily based on reviews on dogs lower back in the ‘50s, that phytates were mineral inhibitors.
And so the way you could dispose of the phytates, you soak nuts otherwise you sprout nuts to remove the phytates, and then you definitely’d maximize your calcium absorption and different essential minerals. But we now understand no longer handiest is that no longer the case, but phytates are clearly healthy for you, truely useful consequences of phytates, so we should virtually try to get as lots phytates in our weight loss plan as feasible, and the manner we do this is by means of eating our nuts un-sprouted, consuming our nuts un-soaked.And so, yeah, I encourage people to eat raw nuts, seeds, and seed butters.
The reason we’d as a substitute no longer roast them is due to the formation of AGE’s, Advanced Glycation End products, that are those glycotoxins associated with increased risk of kidney disorder and Alzheimer’s and expanded ageing and every type of truly terrible matters. And it’s shaped whilst excessive fat, excessive protein ingredients are exposed to extraordinarily high heat, dry heat.And so nearly all AGE publicity is meat—so like barbequed hot dogs, so barbequed, grilling, grilled chicken, that sort of aspect—extraordinarily excessive.
So in case you observe it, while plant meals have nearly not anything no matter what you do—I suggest you could grill a bell pepper and also you’re no longer going to deliver a trouble, however there are rare plant ingredients which are high in protein consequences, which includes nuts, consisting of soy. So we need to truly, ideally should no longer—like Cajun blackened tofu, now not an awesome idea on a everyday basis because of those a while.So that’s why we definitely shouldn’t roast our nuts.
Gianna And Why Do You Recommend Nut Butters As Opposed To Just The Whole Nut?
Oh, certainly whole nuts are higher due to the fact you without a doubt bite right down to little particles—no matter how nicely you chunk, you usually handiest fracture right down to about 2 mm, that's 1000 times larger than the particles discovered in nut butters.And the cause that’s critical is due to the fact the ones cell partitions and those little cubes, which incorporate hundreds of lots of intact walls, simply protect all of the nutrients internal from absorption to your small intestine, and that creates a bounty for our intestine plant life.
So whilst we consume simply acellular ingredients, powders like flour products, even though it’s 100% whole wheat flour—so if we eat 100% complete wheat flour bread or pasta or some thing, we’re getting all of the nutrients; they didn’t cast off the fiber, but all the vitamins are out, uncovered to be absorbed.They get absorbed within the small intestine, leaving little or no for our gut vegetation at the cease.
Whereas in case you devour complete intact grains or whole beans, then there may be surely these little clumps of meals that’s leftover for our suitable bacteria, and that improves our intestine fitness and improves our microbiome. Gianna i love it.Since a lot of our soil is depleted of minerals, wherein can we get high-quality resources of minerals?
So that’s some scammy hint mineral dealer communicate. Somebody need to study crop nutrient decline over the past 1/2 century, maybe 15%.So humans looking to promote you mineral supplements will make this, will say, oh, our crops are depleted, just due to the fact they’re looking to promote you some thing.
We can truly study the data; the USDA tracks nutrients in the soil going back for a century:15% decrement.
So which means, good enough, as opposed to five florets of broccoli, now you need to eat six florets of broccoli instead of a 1/2 century in the past. Fine, eat six florets of broccoli.There’s no need to take mineral supplements.
Gianna good enough. Number ten: For folks who say all and sundry’s specific, so all of us require distinct diets.Yeah.
Gianna What is your advice on this, and does a whole meals, plant-based totally weight loss program help us stay longer, healthier lives, all and sundry? So, it’s now not like—like at a zoo, there’s a gorilla food plan and there’s a lemur food plan.It’s now not like, oh, you’re lemur #12, so that you get some loopy weight loss plan.
No, there’s a weight-reduction plan that’s obviously tuned to our biology. We developed for thousands and thousands of years.So we broke from our last great ape ancestors about 20 million years in the past.
So for the primary 90% of our evolution until approximately 2 million years ago we ate what our fellow extraordinary apes ate, which is basically veggies and fruit. We were a plant-based totally food regimen, nearly completely plant-based totally weight loss plan, and simplest within the final 10% of our evolution did we begin knowing a way to make tools and hunting, and many others.And so our biology is tuned to ingesting complete food, plant based totally—so no surprise that the equal sort of diet that reverses heart disorder, the number one killer of ladies and men, is the same weight loss plan that also reverses diabetes, and the same diet that reverses excessive blood strain.
And So A Kidney Healthy Diet, Is A Liver Healthy Diet, Is A Brain Healthy Diet, Right?
And it all makes experience due to the fact, look, the anti inflammatory food plan is a weight loss program that facilitates your arteries anywhere in the course of your frame.I suggest, appearance, if that’s all a plant-primarily based eating regimen may want to do, opposite the number one killer of women and men, shouldn’t that be form of the default weight-reduction plan till verified otherwise?
In truth that it can additionally save you or opposite different leading killers could appear to make the case for plant-based eating truely overwhelming. Gianna We have one bonus query.Bonus!
What do ya’ got?Gianna What Is The Most Effective Way To Help People Convert To Being Plant Based?
So I suppose sharing resources with them.
So from time to time it’s difficult; humans placed up their defenses when someone attempts—while anybody involves us with some new idea that conflicts with what we trust, there’s just this type of natural response to type of want to maintain on.That’s why sharing form of third-celebration assets:
“Here’s a notable documentary, right here’s a super internet site, right here’s a awesome e book,” after which they are able to kind of take it within on themselves, after which form of the motivation comes from within as opposed to feeling a person’s attempting to inform them to do some thing. So that’s one among my favorite methods.And percentage superb food!
They have this feel that, oh, yeah, it doesn’t count how—will I stay that lengthy or simply sense like I lived that long? But no, it’s truely the nice of each worlds.Some of the yummiest, like berries, right?
Wait a 2nd. Tastes excellent and also you get to live longer?That’s what plant-primarily based consuming is all about Gianna Thanks for tuning in, Love, Giana, and… [silence].
You have to say, “ .” I didn’t realize my line. Where’s my cue card?