Author: Dean Rouseberg
Time for reading: ~27
minutes
Last Updated:
August 08, 2022
Learn more information about ways to lower bad cholesterol. In this article we'll discuss ways to lower bad cholesterol.
Happy to be right here.
i am a medical doctor, that specialize in way of life medicine the use of diet and workout now not best prevent disorder, however to treat and reverse it as well.
And it all sincerely goes back to my grandma. You recognise, I suppose the spark for many children to need to be a doctor when they grow up is looking a grandparent get sick or maybe die, but for me turned into looking my grandma get higher.She changed into diagnosed with end degree coronary heart sickness.
Already had so many pass surgeries, nothing more the medical doctors should do. She changed into despatched home within a wheel chair to die.Crushing chest ache.
But then she heard approximately this guy, Nathan Pritikin, one in every of our early way of life medicinal drug pioneers, and what took place next is actually specified within Pritikin’s biography, to speak approximately Frances , my grandma.They wheeled her within, and she walked out a few weeks later.
She become taking walks 10 miles an afternoon, and though she was given her clinical death sentence at age 65, way to a healthy weight loss program turned into capable of revel in any other 31 years in the world to age 96, to keep to enjoy her six grandkids which include me. So that’s why I went into medicine.That’s why I exercise the kind of medicinal drug I do, life-style medication.
I simply need to do in your family what Pritikin did for my family.
Gianna That’s first rate. First query:how a great deal fat and protein will we need daily?
What are the first-rate sources? And how a great deal have to athletes be consuming?Well, , we don’t eat macro nutrients;
we don’t eat micro vitamins.You want Paleo junk meals, we’ll come up with vegan junk meals, we’ll give you fat free junk meals, we’ll come up with… I suggest any kind of junk meals you want because it’s all about macro nutrients or it’s all approximately whatever precise issue, right?
On Fruit Loops, they are able to say, “with fiber, vitamin D” with all these things, and that gives us this type of fitness halo, while within fact it ought to all be about food. And the cause people don’t talk approximately meals is there’s no money to be made within food.In fact, provide goes horrific;
Can’t sit down on the shelf like a Twinkie for a pair weeks.
And appearance, even a broccoli grower is not going to position an advert on television for broccoli due to the fact, you know, they’ll simply purchase a competitor’s broccoli. There’s just no cash to be made.You’re by no means going to see an advert on television for sweet potatoes due to the fact there’s just no cash to be made.
That’s not where the profit is. The device is set up to praise just the unhealthiest but maximum worthwhile conduct.And so, I imply, so that’s just type of falling into the food industry’s entice to speak of form of this reductionist view of vitamins in preference to meals.
Like what’s the satisfactory food, right? So like are carbs appropriate or awful for you?Well, carbs are jelly beans or kidney beans, lentils or lollipops.
They’re each carbs, proper? I imply so fat, fat’s walnuts or lard, proper?So that’s why you can’t communicate about it.
That’s why the industry wishes you to talk like that, but it honestly has to come back right down to is what are the healthiest meals? So like, appearance, the dairy industry can say “the calcium within dairy.” Yeah, you already know what else is within dairy?It’s the primary supply of saturated fat in this U.S.
People suppose like steak or something. No, the number one supply of saturated fats is dairy, sure, the primary supply of calcium, however yes, there’s protein in pork, yes, there’s iron within red meat, proper?
But What About The Baggage That Comes Along With All Those Nutrients?
I suggest as a great deal as Burger King says you may “have it your manner,” you may’t be like, “Yeah, can i get the protein but maintain the saturated fat, hold the hormones, preserve the ldl cholesterol.” I recognise, it’s a bundle— food is a bundle deal. So the factor about that, so in case you get your calcium from, you already know, darkish green leafy greens alternatively, then it’s like, nicely, the bags is truely an advantage.You get the fiber and the folate and the iron and the antioxidants—all this stuff lacking from kind of the dairy supply.
So that’s how we assume within terms of food. So in case you inquire from me what are the nice meals that occur to have fats in them, well, it'd be nuts, seeds, avocados, due to the fact then it’s just—you just get the bonus in place of the luggage.In phrases of protein resources, anybody who doesn’t understand how to get protein on a plant-based totally food regimen doesn’t realize beans, proper?
Beans, split peas, chickpeas, lentils, legumes—the protein superstars of the plant nation. And then also some of the entire grains, nuts and seeds and all styles of things.So whole plant foods are the healthiest manner to get almost all your vitamins, and that’s sincerely, I think, how we need to reflect onconsideration on those macro vitamins.
Gianna Question quantity two:What Are Your Thoughts On Alkaline And Distilled Water, And Which Is Best For Athletes?
Most of the type of alkaline water nonsense is simply bogus, rip-off form of stuff.
i have a video on NutritionFacts.org that is going into the science around that. Distilled water simply sort of appears a waste of electricity to me.I suggest it’s the identical element with like, you understand, kind of reverse osmosis distillation;
it’s just a completely type of wasteful process. But you can cast off a few little trace minerals, however that’s now not surely the issue.I suggest faucet water is normally the most inexpensive, safest source of ingesting water.
Gianna What about fluoride in it? Fluoride is the purpose why we don’t grow old and lose all our tooth.Gianna Should we be eating fluoride even though?
It’s now not necessary, but from a public fitness perspective—wealthy human beings can visit the dentist and have enough money all styles of gizmos, ultrasonic gizmos for his or her enamel—but from a public health scale, I mean that’s the way you attain impoverished populations which might not have the dental care which you have, and so when you have a dental problem, no huge deal, go to the dentist, right? But if they have a dental trouble, they might lose their tooth, because of this dropping a variety of their nutrition or being within persistent pain.And truly from a public fitness perspective fluoridated water is—in fact, in step with the Center for Disease Control, one of the best public health innovations over the last century.
Gianna Question wide variety three: are there any tips or unique hints for ladies who pick out to eat a plant-based totally weight-reduction plan while pregnant, and who additionally pick to elevate children plant based after the breast milk level if over?When you’re eating for two it’s simply that much more crucial to get all the vitamins you need, and so it’s essentially all of the identical recommendation you’d give to every body eating a wholesome food regimen, consuming a plant-based weight loss program.
Critically essential: vitamin B12.So there’s nutrients that aren’t made through plant life.
One’s nutrition D, that's made by means of animals consisting of your self when you walk outdoor; it’s the light diet.And the opposite one’s diet B12.
Not made through flora, now not made with the aid of animals both; made with the aid of little microbes that blanket the earth.So, you know, we ought to get all of the B12 we needed drinking nicely water or out of a mountain or something a long time ago, however now we chlorinate our water supply to kill off any bacteria, so we don’t have numerous B12 within our water any extra.
Don’t get numerous cholera both. It’s a great factor that we live within a nice sanitary global, however due to that we need to get a everyday dependable supply of B12.Critically essential, specially for pregnant ladies, but for anybody.
During being pregnant iodine’s essential, a mineral frequently lacking from prenatal nutrients, so it’s important, in case you’re getting a prenatal, to ensure it has iodine. Recommended day by day allowance is 150 micrograms an afternoon.
Gianna And For Children Being Raised Vegan, Do You Recommend Any Books Or Any Videos To Watch?
Is That Something That You Would Recommend To Raise Children Whole Food, Plant Based?
Should we enhance our children healthy?I say sure, indeed, and so does the most esteemed pediatrician in human records, Benjamin Spock, inside the 7th version of Child and Baby Care, which is like one of the exceptional-selling books ever, 2d handiest to the Bible possibly on this USA.
Where within his remaining version he wrote, in his 90s earlier than he died, endorsed all children be raised with zero exposure to meat and dairy, and he did that due to the fact he may want to see what the grandparents were loss of life from and notice this burgeoning early life obesity epidemic. So surely we have to raise our youngsters within the healthiest viable way.That approach now not having them smoke cigarettes.
That method having them placed on seat belts, smoke alarms within the home, and a whole food, plant-primarily based food regimen—sincerely fundamental, easy. And even the ADA, well, what’s now the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, in their respectable position paper says strictly plant-primarily based diets are appropriate for all tiers of the life-style, along with being pregnant and infancy and on thru vintage age.So genuinely, we ought to all be elevating healthy youngsters, and actually, Scott Stoll is currently writing a e-book on raising vegan youngsters;
he’s were given six, so he knows one or two things approximately it. Gianna ok, number four:please assist give an explanation for soy and hormones, and why each males and females want no longer fear it.
Soy is a misunderstood bean. All types of nuttiness out at the internet.If you look at the technology, even though, it’s surely just type of a super clinical consensus in terms of humans.
I suggest, the laboratory animal reports, it relies upon in case you’re a hamster or a rat, or exclusive traces of mice have different results. When we finally had human data, so as an example breast most cancers, you could see worries at the internet approximately, look, soy has phytoestrogens.
When You Think Of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer, Should Women With Breast Cancer Be Eating Soy?
And so we didn’t realize till 2004, the primary study that in reality positioned it to the take a look at and in reality followed breast most cancers survivors, a few that ate soy and some that didn’t, simply to peer who lived longer, who had less breast most cancers recurrence. And within that research and in all of five studies done to this point, each unmarried one determined that women with breast cancer, whether or not estrogen receptor superb or bad, whether they have been on Tamoxifen or now not—all continuously more survival;put them all collectively, extra survival, lower most cancers recurrence fee.
And so we’ve recognised that consuming soy, especially throughout adolescence, can lessen the danger of having breast cancer inside the first vicinity, however now we know it’s related to improved survival as well. So wait a 2d.How is that viable whilst it has estrogenic effects?
Well, no, see you don’t recognize. There’s really styles of estrogen receptor cells—it’s an extended tale:alpha, beta—so basically your very own estrogen, your endogenous estrogen produced via your ovaries attaches preferentially to alpha receptors.
Soy attaches to a unique type of estrogen receptors. So it topics, the consequences of soy on the frame subjects on the ratio of those exceptional receptors and special organs of the frame.And so it sincerely has seasoned-estrogen effects in which you want it, like inside the bones, skeleton.
It truely reduces bone loss in comparison to dairy milk, for instance, within experiences of soy milk. But it has android estrogenic results wherein you want it, for instance within the breast, decreasing breast most cancers threat and improving breast cancer survival.So it’s what’s known as a selective estrogen receptor modulator, a elaborate term for essentially the exceptional of all worlds.
So it reduces hot flashes, anti-estrogen impact, strengthens the bones, seasoned-estrogenic effect, reduces breast cancer threat. And so you don’t should devour it;all of the legumes are wholesome, and that i encourage human beings to devour whole soy resources like edamame, immature inexperienced soybeans;
you could get frozen bags of it, sprinkle it on your salad, a wonderful desire. Tempeh, miso, those are all complete soy meals, in addition to a number of the extra processed stuff.And so that you look in the clinical literature, it’s clear.
We’ve got tons of movies about it. So yeah, you simply don’t believe the craziness you read on the internet.Gianna And just for the men available which are concerned that they may develop breasts or some thing like that from soy.
Can We Help Debunk That For Men, So They Don’t Fear It As Well?
Sure.So there’s three case reviews in literature of gynecomastia with immoderate soy consumption.
But with the aid of excessive soy—they were actually drinking gallons of soy milk a day, so I neglect… I think a few human beings, like 40 servings of soy a day, and at that level you could truely get enough alpha receptor activity to simply have seasoned-estrogenic outcomes. So the reply is not to keep away from soy, but not drink four gallons of soy milk an afternoon.
Gianna So Men Aren’t Going To Grow Breasts If They’re Eating Soy Here And There?
No, and in fact it'd be wholesome. So soy intake within men is related to lower prostate most cancers risk, that is the primary cancer killer unique to men.Gianna ok, question range five:
Can A Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Help Heal Autoimmune Diseases Like Thyroid Issues And Colitis?
So eating an anti-inflammatory weight loss plan, no surprise, can be one of the quality nutritional remedies for inflammatory sicknesses within fashionable, consisting of automobile-immune ailment.So as an instance, more than one sclerosis, that is an auto-immune disease where your body assaults your personal nerves, the unmarried nice recorded intervention—scientific, surgical, something, no drugs—have ever crushed out a plant-based weight loss plan:
Roy Swank’s anti-MS weight loss program, so the simplest. So it’s now not just safer, less expensive.No, the handiest remedy ever published in the peer reviewed medical medical literature, a plant-based totally weight-reduction plan.
Chron’s sickness, same component. A statistic out of Japan the usage of a plant-based weight loss program, a number of the high-quality relapse prevention shares ever.Chron’s disease is an automobile-immune inflammatory bowel disease.
Rheumatoid arthritis, one of the most powerful interventions for rheumatoid arthritis—whether or not we’re speakme approximately goal measures including grip electricity and inflammatory markers in the blood stream or simply in terms of first-rate of existence for people affected by those sicknesses. Auto-immune ailment, we simply don’t have lots of properly records for.We have records, so the Adventist 2 research observed that people who eat strictly plant-based diets have the highest rates of what’s called euthyroid thyroid, which means ordinary thyroid feature, and so it could prevent thyroid problems.
But there’s by no means been any poll that clearly positioned plant-based diets to the check in phrases of treating thyroid disfunction, unless we’re speakme approximately something like iodine deficiency. There’s different forms of inflammatory illnesses that we don’t have data for, but it'd make sense if it works for all these different automobile-immune illnesses, it works for these different inflammatory diseases, an anti inflammatory food regimen would have this impact.And a part of that anti inflammatory strength is from the fiber.
You say, fiber? Who might suppose fiber?We suppose like bowel health or some thing.
It’s simply kind of an inert substance. Not in any respect.We can’t digest fiber, however our precise gut bacteria can.
We have trillions of micro organism within our gut. And we used to suppose that changed into just intestine health, but now we recognise that our microbiome, our pleasant flora down in our colon honestly may have results on our immune device, even our psychological fitness.
And What Do They Eat, What Do Our Good Bugs Eat?
They eat prebiotics, that is fiber and resistant starch located in abundance in handiest one region: entire plant ingredients, and a number of those compounds have anti inflammatory outcomes.They’re destroy down merchandise of fiber;
they get absorbed into your gadget and circulated during your body. So that’s one of the reasons why plant-based totally diets are so anti inflammatory.Gianna Number six:
What are your thoughts on vitamins and supplements, vegan based totally, either taken orally or intravenously like nutrition C drips? Well, truely diet B12 is significantly vital for absolutely everyone ingesting a healthful weight loss program, so I’d suggest 2500 micrograms of what’s known as cyanocobalamin, that's the most inexpensive supply.Once a week is all you want.
Costs much less than $5 a 12 months. You’re going to get all of the B12 you want, however significantly important from a everyday reliable source.If you’re not getting sufficient solar… Now, in case you’re light skinned enough and young enough and thin sufficient and live at a range that’s sunny sufficient, then getting 10, 15 minutes of mid-day solar, you’ll get all of the nutrition D you want.
But it doesn’t matter how sunny it is in case you’re caught at a table process all day, now not getting out of doors, in which case you’d want to complement your eating regimen with diet D, the sunshine nutrition. I recommend 2,000 global gadgets of diet D3 an afternoon.So, I suggest intravenous vitamin C has been used as a cancer treatment, going lower back to the Seventies with Linus Pauling’s work.
It was because—exciting—kind of debunked with the aid of Mayo Clinic, where they gave humans an entire bunch of vitamin C; didn’t see the type of superb outcomes that had been at the start visible, but they were the use of oral vitamin C.We used to think, properly, oral nutrition C is the same as intravenous diet C, but no, our body definitely clamps down on nutrition C absorption.
At very small doses it doesn’t rely either manner, you’ll absorb all of it. But as soon as your body receives over approximately 200, 250 milligrams of vitamin C—which is about five servings of fruits and greens really worth—your frame starts offevolved clamping “that’s a little too much.” Your body begins clamping down on absorption, so they surely weren’t exposed to the same quantity.And so i've a whole series of films on intravenous nutrition C for most cancers if you’re interested by that;
I inspire humans to check it out. Gianna Should we be cooking cru—your favorite—need to we be cooking cruciferous vegetables, like steaming broccoli, or is blending uncooked kale in a smoothie effective sufficient, and is it terrible for the thyroid to consume them uncooked? Oh, my God.We should eat cruciferous veggies within whichever way receives us to consume the most of them.
You like raw broccoli? Eat raw broccoli.You like steamed broccoli?
Eat steamed. Whichever way gets you to consume the maximum.In fact cruciferous vegetables are certainly one of my Daily Dozen.
It’s a loose app on iPhone, Android: “ ’s Daily Dozen.” I talk about all the foods I inspire humans to get and in shape into their day by day routine.So, you already know, greens each day are the healthies veggies, beans each day, berries every day are the healthiest culmination.
A tablespoon of ground flaxseeds, a quarter teaspoon of floor turmeric. You realize, the first-rate beverage, the fine sweeteners, how a whole lot exercise to get—just to sort of inspire humans to try and fit some of the healthies of healthful ingredients into the weight loss plan.And one of these bins I inspire people to tick off every day, you’re no longer going to healthy—you’re now not going to check off the day unless you get some form of cruciferous vegetables, which is about a half of cup of cooked cruciferous veggies, about a cup of raw.
And so that’s like kale, collards, bok choy, and Brussels sprouts, and collard veggies, a majority of these superb greens. And so essentially however you get them to your food regimen, the higher.During the summertime, green smoothies are a superb move-to way to get veggies in your breakfast.
And I form of break a few white beans within my oatmeal simply to get my legumes, got to test those off. But, yeah, placed them within a smoothie, put them everywhere;as long as you’re getting vegetables, that’s the maximum important factor.
Now you could overdo, I imply you can overdo raw cruciferous vegetables which have this so referred to as goitrogenic compounds which might be found in masses of wholesome foods, now not simplest broccoli, but also flaxseeds and some of other wholesome matters. But the option isn't always to avoid these clearly healthful foods;it’s simply to get enough iodine because these goitrogenic compounds simply interfere with the uptake of iodine, which is the thyroid gland.
So if you’re simply marginally no longer getting enough iodine, then eating numerous broccoli and cruciferous can truly affect your stages. So the answer, you simply ensure you’re getting a source of iodine;the healthiest one is sea vegetables, so that you like munch on those seaweed snacks, and then much like dark inexperienced leafies as a snack.
Ah! I suggest the extra methods you can get them into your weight-reduction plan, the higher.There was this famous case inside the New England Journal of Medicine, a girl who—I forget, it became like literally lots of kilos of raw bok choy, she was on a few crazy eating regimen, and in reality did run into thyroid issues, so 1000 pounds… ok, however… Gianna It’s like the soy.
…I encourage humans, right. And appearance, we’re talking approximately ingredients with medicinal results.I suggest we should assume like if you may consume as tons—I mean if there’s a vast quantity of some thing that you could be exposed to, likely doesn’t have lots “uumph” to it, right?
But the truth that, look, no, a number of these meals can have powerful consequences on our biology, so no wonder that there’s a certain degree which you want to live within, but happily they’re all easily within any kind of normal culinary dose. Gianna Number eight:is sprouting nuts, seeds, grains and beans higher for digestion?
If so, why? Oh, nicely, see, part of the motive that humans soak or sprout nuts is to get rid of the phytates.So there was this idea, based totally on reports on puppies back in the ‘50s, that phytates had been mineral inhibitors.
And so the manner you may eliminate the phytates, you soak nuts or you sprout nuts to put off the phytates, and then you definitely’d maximize your calcium absorption and other vital minerals. But we now know no longer most effective is that now not the case, however phytates are honestly healthy for you, sincerely useful results of phytates, so we should really try and get as plenty phytates in our weight-reduction plan as feasible, and the manner we do that is through ingesting our nuts un-sprouted, eating our nuts un-soaked.And so, yeah, I encourage humans to devour raw nuts, seeds, and seed butters.
The motive we’d alternatively not roast them is due to the formation of AGE’s, Advanced Glycation End products, that are those glycotoxins related to elevated risk of kidney disorder and Alzheimer’s and extended growing old and every type of actually bad things. And it’s fashioned whilst excessive fat, high protein foods are exposed to extremely high warmness, dry heat.And so nearly all AGE exposure is meat—so like barbequed warm dogs, so barbequed, grilling, grilled chicken, that type of factor—extremely high.
So if you take a look at it, whereas plant meals have nearly nothing irrespective of what you do—I imply you can grill a bell pepper and also you’re not going to provide a problem, but there are uncommon plant foods which might be excessive within protein consequences, consisting of nuts, such as soy. So we must absolutely, ideally have to not—like Cajun blackened tofu, now not an awesome concept on a normal basis because of these a long time.So that’s why we definitely shouldn’t roast our nuts.
Gianna And Why Do You Recommend Nut Butters As Opposed To Just The Whole Nut?
Oh, in reality complete nuts are better because you virtually bite down to little particles—irrespective of how well you chew, you generally best fracture right down to approximately 2 mm, that's one thousand times large than the particles observed in nut butters.And the reason that’s important is because those cell walls and those little cubes, which contain hundreds of heaps of intact walls, simply protect all of the vitamins inner from absorption in your small intestine, and that creates a bounty for our intestine plant life.
So while we devour just acellular meals, powders like flour merchandise, even if it’s 100% entire wheat flour—so if we consume 100% entire wheat flour bread or pasta or some thing, we’re getting all the vitamins; they didn’t dispose of the fiber, however all of the vitamins are out, uncovered to be absorbed.They get absorbed inside the small intestine, leaving very little for our gut flora at the quit.
Whereas if you devour whole intact grains or whole beans, then there's surely those little clumps of meals that’s leftover for our desirable bacteria, and that improves our gut health and improves our microbiome. Gianna i love it.Since so much of our soil is depleted of minerals, wherein can we get superb assets of minerals?
So that’s a few scammy hint mineral supplier speak. Somebody have to take a look at crop nutrient decline over the past half century, maybe 15%.So people seeking to sell you mineral supplements will make this, will say, oh, our vegetation are depleted, just because they’re trying to promote you something.
We can truely look at the information; the USDA tracks nutrients within the soil going back for a century:15% decrement.
So that means, good enough, in preference to five florets of broccoli, now you need to eat six florets of broccoli in place of a 1/2 century ago. Fine, eat six florets of broccoli.There’s no want to take mineral dietary supplements.
Gianna adequate. Number ten: For folks who say absolutely everyone’s specific, so we all require unique diets.Yeah.
Gianna What is your advice on this, and does an entire food, plant-based totally weight loss plan assist us stay longer, more healthy lives, everyone? So, it’s not like—like at a zoo, there’s a gorilla food regimen and there’s a lemur weight loss program.It’s no longer like, oh, you’re lemur #12, so that you get some loopy weight loss program.
No, there’s a food regimen that’s naturally tuned to our biology. We developed for tens of millions of years.So we broke from our final splendid ape ancestors about 20 million years ago.
So for the primary 90% of our evolution until approximately 2 million years in the past we ate what our fellow high-quality apes ate, which is essentially vegetables and fruit. We have been a plant-primarily based weight loss plan, nearly solely plant-based totally food regimen, and best within the last 10% of our evolution did we start understanding how to make equipment and hunting, etc.And so our biology is tuned to eating complete meals, plant primarily based—so no marvel that the same form of weight loss plan that reverses coronary heart disease, the primary killer of ladies and men, is the identical weight-reduction plan that also reverses diabetes, and the equal food plan that reverses excessive blood pressure.
And So A Kidney Healthy Diet, Is A Liver Healthy Diet, Is A Brain Healthy Diet, Right?
And it all makes experience because, look, the anti-inflammatory diet is a eating regimen that allows your arteries anywhere at some stage in your frame.I imply, appearance, if that’s all a plant-based totally food regimen could do, opposite the number one killer of women and men, shouldn’t that be type of the default weight loss plan till demonstrated in any other case?
In reality that it could additionally save you or opposite different main killers could appear to make the case for plant-primarily based consuming without a doubt overwhelming. Gianna We have one bonus question.Bonus!
What do ya’ were given?Gianna What Is The Most Effective Way To Help People Convert To Being Plant Based?
So I suppose sharing assets with them.
So sometimes it’s hard; human beings placed up their defenses while someone tries—while all and sundry involves us with some new concept that conflicts with what we agree with, there’s simply this type of herbal response to sort of need to hold on.That’s why sharing type of 0.33-celebration sources:
“Here’s a extraordinary documentary, here’s a splendid website, right here’s a high-quality e-book,” after which they could sort of take it in on themselves, and then sort of the incentive comes from through in place of feeling someone’s trying to inform them to do something. So that’s one among my preferred approaches.And share fantastic meals!
They have this feel that, oh, yeah, it doesn’t remember how—will I stay that long or just sense like I lived that long? But no, it’s surely the high-quality of both worlds.Some of the yummiest, like berries, proper?
Wait a second. Tastes notable and you get to live longer?That’s what plant-based consuming is all about Gianna Thanks for tuning in, Love, Giana, and… [silence].
You have to say, “ .” I didn’t recognize my line. Where’s my cue card?